降ろす
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 降 |
| お Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
Verb
降ろす (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana おろす, rōmaji orosu)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 降ろす |
| mediopassive | 降りる |
- drop off
- 駅の前で降ろして下さい。
- Eki no mae de oroshite kudasai.
- Drop me off in front of the station.
- 駅の前で降ろして下さい。
- unload
- 列車から荷物を降ろす
- ressha kara nimotsu o orosu
- unload baggage from a train
- 列車から荷物を降ろす
- lower something like a flag
- remove; take away from a role or a rank
- 彼は主役から降ろされた。
- Kare wa shuyaku kara orosareta.
- He was removed from the leading role.
- 彼は主役から降ろされた。
- withdraw (money)
Usage notes
The kanji usage of 降ろす versus 下ろす (both pronounced おろす orosu and with very similar meanings of “to lower”) is somewhat delicate. The transitive form of 下りる (oriru, “go down”), 下ろす generally describes moving something from a higher to a lower position, and may translate such English verbs as unload, lower (a curtain, etc.), or withdraw (e.g. money from an account). Unlike 降ろす, it is also used to mean cut or prune, as in 枝を下ろす (eda o orosu, “trim a branch”), or to mean renew, as in 書き下ろす (kakiorosu, “write a new (manuscript)”).
The transitive form of 降りる (oriru, “alight; get off”), 降ろす also describes lowering something from a higher position, as 下ろす does. Either spelling can be used for the unload, lower, or withdraw senses. The 降ろす form is frequently used for dropping someone or unloading something from a vehicle. The remove (someone) from a role or rank meaning of 降ろす is not shared with 下ろす.
Conjugation
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 降ろさ | おろさ | orosa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 降ろし | おろし | oroshi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 降ろす | おろす | orosu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 降ろす | おろす | orosu |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 降ろせ | おろせ | orose |
| Imperative (命令形) | 降ろせ | おろせ | orose |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 降ろされる | おろされる | orosareru |
| Causative | 降ろさせる 降ろさす |
おろさせる おろさす |
orosaseru orosasu |
| Potential | 降ろせる | おろせる | oroseru |
| Volitional | 降ろそう | おろそう | orosō |
| Negative | 降ろさない | おろさない | orosanai |
| Negative continuative | 降ろさず | おろさず | orosazu |
| Formal | 降ろします | おろします | oroshimasu |
| Perfective | 降ろした | おろした | oroshita |
| Conjunctive | 降ろして | おろして | oroshite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 降ろせば | おろせば | oroseba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 降ろさ | おろさ | orosa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 降ろし | おろし | orosi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 降ろす | おろす | orosu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 降ろす | おろす | orosu |
| Realis (已然形) | 降ろせ | おろせ | orose |
| Imperative (命令形) | 降ろせ | おろせ | orose |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 降ろさず | おろさず | orosazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 降ろせど | おろせど | orosedo |
| Causal conjunction | 降ろせば | おろせば | oroseba |
| Conditional conjunction | 降ろさば | おろさば | orosaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 降ろしき | おろしき | orosiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 降ろしけり | おろしけり | orosikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 降ろしつ | おろしつ | orositu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 降ろしぬ | おろしぬ | orosinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 降ろせり 降ろしたり | おろせり おろしたり | oroseri orositari |
Related terms
- 降りる (intransitive)
Further reading
- おろ・す2 【下ろす・降ろす】 in Yahoo! Japan 辞書, 2013 July 2.