閩

See also: 闽
閩 U+95A9, 閩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95A9
← 閨
[U+95A8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 閪 →
[U+95AA]

Translingual

Han character

閩 (radical 169, 門+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 日弓中一戈 (ANLMI), four-corner 77136, composition ⿵門虫)

Derived characters
  • 𤁝

References
  • KangXi: page 1335, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41315
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1841, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4295, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+95A9

Chinese
trad. 閩
simp. 闽
variant forms 𨷷

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (門) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蔄 *roːs, *mruːns
闅 *min, *mrɯn, *mɯn
閩 *mrɯn, *mɯn
蕄 *mɯːŋ, *mrɯːŋ
門 *mɯːn
捫 *mɯːn
悶 *mɯːns
聞 *mɯn, *mɯns
閿 *mɯn
問 *mɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mrɯn, *mɯn) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). The 虫 radical was a common component of the names of barbarians (Schuessler, 2007), probably reflecting the Min people's worship of snakes (Li, 2017).

Etymology

In most modern Min dialects and some other southern dialects (including Hakka and Xiang), it is read with a level tone (平聲), which is the expected reflex based on rime dictionaries. In Mandarin and the remaining southern dialects, it is read with a rising tone (上聲), probably due to analogy with the phonetic component of 閔 (MC mˠiɪnX) (Li, 2017).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation
Note: man4 - uncommon.
Note:
  • bân - vernacular;
  • bîn - literary.
Rime
Character 閩 閩
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 眞 (44) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) Chongniu III III
Fanqie 武巾切 無分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mˠiɪn/ /mɨun/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mᵚin/ /miun/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mien/ /miuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /mjin/ /mun/
Li
Rong		 /mjĕn/ /miuən/
Wang
Li		 /mǐĕn/ /mĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mi̯ĕn/ /mi̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 mín wén
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 閩
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 mǐn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ min ›
Old
Chinese		 /*mrə[n]/
English southern tribes

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 閩 閩
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 8956 8966
Phonetic
component		 門 門
Rime
group		 文 文
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 珉 文
Old
Chinese		 /*mrɯn/ /*mɯn/

Definitions

閩

  1. Min people (ancient ethnic group)
  2. (～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China)
  3. Fujian
  4. (～語, ～方言) Min languages
  5. A surname​.

Compounds
  • 閩洛／闽洛
  • 閩派／闽派
  • 閩海／闽海
  • 閩清／闽清 (Mǐnqīng)
  • 閩粵／闽粤
  • 閩荒／闽荒
  • 閩虻／闽虻
  • 閩蚋／闽蚋
  • 閩西／闽西 (Mǐnxī)
  • 閩語／闽语 (mǐnyǔ)
  • 閩越／闽越 (Mǐnyuè)
  • 閩關／闽关
  • 閩隸／闽隶

See also

Japanese

Kanji
閩

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Korean

Hanja

閩 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)

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Vietnamese

Han character

閩 (mân)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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