要約

See also: 要约

Chinese
 
important; vital; to want; to be going to; must; demand; ask; request; coerce
 
appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh
trad. (要約) 要 約
simp. (要约) 要 约

Pronunciation 1

Verb

要約

  1. (literary) to restrict; to limit
  2. (literary) to agree to a contract
  3. (law) to offer; to bid

Pronunciation 2

Adjective

要約

  1. (literary) succinct; concise; brief

Japanese
Kanji in this term
要 約
よう
Grade: 4		 やく
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

/jeujaku/ → /joːjaku/

From Middle Chinese 要約 (MC ʔiᴇu|ʔiᴇuH ʔiᴇuH|ʔɨɐk̚, “important bond or agreement”). Compare modern Mandarin reading yāoyuē.

Pronunciation

Noun

要約 (hiragana ようやく, rōmaji yōyaku, historical hiragana えうやく)

  1. abridgment (shortened version), summary
  2. a compact or contract, an agreement, a promise

Verb

要約する (transitive, hiragana ようやくする, rōmaji yōyaku suru, historical hiragana えうやくする)

  1. to sum up, to summarize
  2. to enter into compact or contract, to form an agreement, to make a promise

Conjugation
Conjugation of "要約する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 要約し ようやくし yōyaku shi
Continuative (連用形) 要約し ようやくし yōyaku shi
Terminal (終止形) 要約する ようやくする yōyaku suru
Attributive (連体形) 要約する ようやくする yōyaku suru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 要約すれ ようやくすれ yōyaku sure
Imperative (命令形) 要約せよ¹
要約しろ²		 ようやくせよ¹
ようやくしろ²		 yōyaku seyo¹
yōyaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 要約される ようやくされる yōyaku sareru
Causative 要約させる
要約さす		 ようやくさせる
ようやくさす		 yōyaku saseru
yōyaku sasu
Potential 要約できる ようやくできる yōyaku dekiru
Volitional 要約しよう ようやくしよう yōyaku shiyō
Negative 要約しない ようやくしない yōyaku shinai
Negative continuative 要約せず ようやくせず yōyaku sezu
Formal 要約します ようやくします yōyaku shimasu
Perfective 要約した ようやくした yōyaku shita
Conjunctive 要約して ようやくして yōyaku shite
Hypothetical conditional 要約すれば ようやくすれば yōyaku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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