菊

菊	U+83CA, 菊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CA

← 菉
[U+83C9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

菋 →
[U+83CB]

菊	U+2F9A1, 菊 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A1

← 荓
[U+2F9A0]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

菌 →
[U+2F9A2]

Translingual

Han character

菊 (radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 4492₇, composition ⿱艹匊)

References

KangXi: page 1037, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153

Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3238, character 1

Unihan data for U+83CA

Chinese

trad.		菊
simp. ^#		菊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 菊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
菊	*kuɡ
鞠	kuɡ, kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ
掬	*kluɡ
匊	*kluɡ
鵴	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
椈	*kuɡ
諊	*kuɡ
踘	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
趜	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
蘜	*kuɡ
鞫	*kuɡ
巈	*kuɡ
麴	*kʰuɡ
毱	*ɡuɡ
驧	*ɡuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kuɡ) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jú (ju²)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiuk
Min Bei (KCR): gṳ̆
Min Dong (BUC): gé̤ṳk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiok / kak / kek

(Teochew, Peng'im): gêg⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): jyq (T4); jioq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jú
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
  - Wade–Giles: chü²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: guk¹
  - Yale: gūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: gug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiug⁵
  - IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̆
  - IPA ^(key): /ky²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳk
  - IPA ^(key): /køyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiok
  - Tâi-lô: kiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak
  - Tâi-lô: kak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kag
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
  - Tâi-lô: kik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/

Note:

kiok - literary;
kak/kek - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kek
  - IPA ^(key): /kek̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jyq (T4); jioq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɥ̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕi̯ʊʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 菊
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕy³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kʰiuk̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kiɔk̚³²/ /kik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/køyʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ky²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kik̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kiak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwk̚/
Li Rong	/kiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ju

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
No.	7005
Phonetic component	匊
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	菊
Old Chinese	/*kuɡ/

Definitions

菊

chrysanthemum

Compounds

八月菊
千日菊
南菊寺 (Nánjúsì)
大理菊
天人菊
延命菊 (yánmìngjú, “daisy”)
春蘭秋菊／春兰秋菊
杭菊
波斯菊
甘菊 (gānjú)
矢車菊／矢车菊 (shǐchējú)
翠菊

茶菊
菊壇／菊坛
菊月 (Júyuè, “ninth month of the Chinese calendar”)
菊枕
菊版
菊石
菊秋
菊科 (júkē)
菊糖
菊老荷枯
菊芋 (júyù)
菊花 (júhuā, “chrysanthemum flower”)

菊花節／菊花节
菊花與劍／菊花与剑
菊花茶 (júhuā chá, “chrysanthemum flower tea”)
菊花酒
菊苣 (jújù)
萬壽菊／万寿菊 (wànshòujú)
藍菊／蓝菊
野菊 (yějú)
金光菊
除蟲菊／除虫菊
雛菊／雏菊 (chújú, “daisy”)
非洲菊

Japanese

Kanji

菊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

chrysanthemum

Readings

Go-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菊
きく Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 菊 (kɨuk̚, “chrysanthemum”).

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) きく [kìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
- (Tokyo) きく [kìkú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA^(key): [kʲikɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

菊 (hiragana きく, katakana キク, rōmaji kiku)

chrysanthemum

Compounds

延 (えん)命 (めい)菊 (ぎく) (enmeigiku, “daisy”)
菊 (きく)科 (か) (kikuka, “Asteraceae”)
菊 (きく)花 (か) (kikuka, “chrysanthemum flower”)
春 (しゅん)菊 (ぎく) (shungiku, “garland chrysanthemum”)
雛 (ひな)菊 (ぎく) (hinagiku, “daisy”)

Synonyms

河原 (かわら)艾 (よもぎ) (kawarayomogi)
河原 (かわら)薺蒿 (おはぎ) (kawaraohagi)

Proper noun

菊 (hiragana きく, rōmaji Kiku)

A female given name

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

菊 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

菊 (cúc)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN