盂蘭盆

Chinese

		container; cup	orchid	basin
trad. (盂蘭盆)		盂	蘭	盆
simp. (盂兰盆)		盂	兰	盆

Etymology

Commonly thought to have been derived from Sanskrit उल्लम्बन (ullambana, “hanging upside down”), a word that was sparsely, if at all, attested (Ashikaga, 1951).

Alternatively, Junjirō Takakusu (apud Ashikaga, 1951) propounded that the origin was in fact Pali ullumbana, a colloquial corruption of Pali ullumpana (“raising up; saving; helping”), and that the etymology was mistakenly attributed to Sanskrit.

The second sense is a result of rebracketing of the word as 盂蘭 + 盆 (“basin”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yúlánpén

(Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ laan⁴ pun⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yúlánpén
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yulanpern
  - IPA ^(key): /y³⁵ la̠n³⁵ pʰən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴ laan⁴ pun⁴
  - Yale: yùh làahn pùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ laan⁴ pun⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ lan⁴ pun⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨo lɑn buən/▼

Rime
Character	盂	蘭	盆
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	來 (37)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	寒 (61)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I	I
Fanqie	羽俱切	落干切	蒲奔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨo/	/lɑn/	/buən/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦio/	/lɑn/	/buon/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣio/	/lɑn/	/buən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuə̆/	/lan/	/bwən/
Li Rong	/ɣio/	/lɑn/	/buən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭu/	/lɑn/	/buən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯u/	/lɑn/	/bʱuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	lán	pén

Noun

盂蘭盆

(Buddhism) helping hungry ghosts who are suffering by offering them food
basin for holding offerings to the deceased

Derived terms

盂蘭盆節／盂兰盆节 (Yúlánpénjié)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
盂	蘭	盆
う Hyōgaiji	らん > ら Jinmeiyō	ぼん Grade: S
Irregular

Noun

盂蘭盆 (hiragana うらぼん, rōmaji urabon)

A Buddhist observance honoring the spirits of ancestors.

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