澹

See also: 淡

澹	U+6FB9, 澹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FB9

← 澸
[U+6FB8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

澺 →
[U+6FBA]

Translingual

Han character

澹 (radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水弓金口 (ENCR), four-corner 3716₁, composition ⿰氵詹)

References

KangXi: page 653, character 36

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18421

Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1762, character 1

Unihan data for U+6FB9

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 澹
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (詹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
甔	toːm, taːm, *taːms
擔	taːm, taːms
儋	*ʔl'aːm
聸	*taːm
膽	*taːmʔ
黵	taːmʔ, tjamʔ
澹	daːm, daːmʔ, *daːms
憺	daːmʔ, daːms
瞻	*tjam
詹	*tjam
蟾	tjam, djam
噡	*tjam
譫	tjam, daːb, *tjaːb
幨	tʰjam, tʰjams
襜	tʰjam, tʰjams
韂	*tʰjams
贍	*djams
檐	*lam
簷	*lam
舚	tʰeːm, tʰeːms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms) : semantic 水 + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		澹

Related to 淡 (OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàn (dan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daam⁶, taam⁵
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tām / tǎm

(Teochew, Peng'im): dan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: dàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tan⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
  - IPA ^(key): /tän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: daam⁶, taam⁵
  - Yale: daahm, táahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daam⁶, taam⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: dam⁶, tam⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /täːm²²/, /tʰäːm¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tām
  - Tâi-lô: tām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dam
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tam³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǎm
  - Tâi-lô: tǎm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dan⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tăⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /tã³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /dɑm^X/, /dɑm^H/▼

Rime
Character	澹	澹
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	談 (143)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒敢切	徒濫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dam^X/	/dam^H/
Li Rong	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Wang Li	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑm^X/	/dʱɑm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dàn	dàn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤamʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*daːmʔ/, /*daːms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	澹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dam^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[l]ˁamʔ/
English	calm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澹	澹
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	16756	16759
Phonetic component	詹	詹
Rime group	談	談
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	噉	憺
Old Chinese	/*daːmʔ/	/*daːms/

Definitions

澹

calm and indifferent to fame and fortune
quiet; tranquil
light (of taste); insipid
(of water) to ripple
A surname.

Compounds

恬澹
慘澹／惨澹 (cǎndàn)
慘澹經營／惨澹经营
暗澹
清澹
澄澹精致

澹彩
澹泊
澹泊寡欲
澹泊明志
澹淡
澹淡經營／澹淡经营

澹澉
澹澹
澹然
澹蕩／澹荡
澹話／澹话

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tán (tan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taam⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tâm

(Teochew, Peng'im): tam⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tán
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
  - Wade–Giles: t'an²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: taam⁴
  - Yale: tàahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tam⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰäːm²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
  - Tâi-lô: tâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tam⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰam⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /dɑm/▼

Rime
Character	澹
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒甘切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑm/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑm/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dam/
Li Rong	/dɑm/
Wang Li	/dɑm/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tán

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*daːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澹
Reading #	1/3
No.	16755
Phonetic component	詹
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	談
Old Chinese	/*daːm/

Definitions

澹

Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dān (dan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄢ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: dān
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: tan¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dan
  - IPA ^(key): /tän⁵⁵/

Definitions

澹

Only used in 澹林.

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.		澹
variant forms		霑淫

Borrowed from Austroasiatic; compare Vietnamese đầm (“swamp; to be soaking; be sopping wet”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). Also compare Proto-Tai *domᴬ (“wet”), whence Zhuang dumz (“wet; soaked”) (Yue-Hashimoto, 1976).

Pronunciation

Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tâm

(Teochew, Peng'im): dam⁵

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
  - Tâi-lô: tâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dam⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tâm
  - IPA ^(key): /tam⁵⁵/

Definitions

澹

(dialectal Min Dong, Min Nan) wet; damp; moist

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 濕 (“wet”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		濕
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		濕
Mandarin	Beijing	濕
	Taiwan	濕
	Jinan	濕
	Xi'an	濕
	Wuhan	濕
	Chengdu	濕
	Yangzhou	潮, 濕
	Hefei	潮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	濕
	Hong Kong	濕
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	濕
	Taishan	濕
	Yangjiang	濕
Gan	Nanchang	濕
Hakka	Meixian	濕
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	濕
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	濕
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	濕
	Dongshi (Dabu)	濕
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	濕
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	濕
	Hong Kong	濕
Jin	Taiyuan	濕
Min Bei	Jian'ou	濕
Min Dong	Fuzhou	濫
Min Dong	Matsu	濫
Min Nan	Xiamen	澹
	Quanzhou	澹
	Zhangzhou	澹
	Taipei	澹
	Kaohsiung	濕
	Tainan	澹
	Taichung	濕濕
	Wuqi	濕濕
	Hsinchu	澹
	Taitung	濕
	Lukang	濕
	Yilan	澹
	Magong	澹
	Penang	澹
	Singapore	澹
	Chaozhou	澹
Puxian Min	Putian	澹
Puxian Min	Xianyou	泱
Wu	Suzhou	濕, 潮
Wu	Wenzhou	濫, 濕
Xiang	Changsha	濕
Xiang	Shuangfeng	濕

Compounds

澹漉漉
澹濕／澹湿

澹糊糊

澹耳

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 澹 – see 贍 (“support, aid; to be sufficient; etc.”). (This character, 澹, is a variant form of 贍.)

Japanese

Kanji

澹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: だん (dan); ぜん (zen)
Kan-on: たん (tan); せん (sen)
Kun: あわい (awai, 澹い)

Korean

Hanja

澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem)

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Vietnamese

Han character

澹 (đam, đàm, đạm)

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