溺

See also: 尿
溺 U+6EBA, 溺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EBA
← 溹
[U+6EB9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 溻 →
[U+6EBB]

Translingual

Han character

溺 (radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水弓一一 (ENMM), four-corner 37127, composition ⿰氵弱)

Derived characters
  • 𡀡, 𡣄, 𦡥, 𬉪

References
  • KangXi: page 641, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17990
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1048, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1710, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6EBA

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (弱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嫋 *neːwʔ
弱 *njewɢ
溺 *njewɢ, *neːwɢ
蒻 *njewɢ
搦 *rneːwɢ, *rnaːwɢ
愵 *neːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *njewɢ, *neːwɢ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 弱 (OC *njewɢ).

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 溺
variant forms 㲻
氼

Schuessler (2007) proposes the following possibilities:

  • Related to Burmese နစ် (nac, “to sink; to drown”), Burmese နှစ် (hnac, “to immerse”), but the vowels do not agree.
  • Related to Burmese နှိုက်း (hnuik:, “to penetrate; to put one's hand into”).

Pronunciation
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 溺
Mandarin Beijing /ni⁵¹/
Harbin /ni⁵³/
Tianjin /ni⁵³/
Jinan /ȵi²¹/
Qingdao /ni⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ni³¹²/
Xi'an /ni²¹/
Xining /mji²¹³/
Yinchuan /ni¹³/
Lanzhou /ȵi¹³/
Ürümqi /ȵi²¹³/
Wuhan /ni²¹³/
Chengdu /ȵie³¹/
/ȵi³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /ni³¹/
Nanjing /liʔ⁵/
Hefei /liəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /niəʔ²/
Pingyao /ȵiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /niəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ȵiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ȵiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /ȵai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ni²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ȵi²⁴/
Xiangtan /ȵi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /nit̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /nek̚²/
Nanning /nek̚²²/
Hong Kong /nek̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /niʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ni²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /nek̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /niɔk̚⁵/
Rime
Character 溺
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 錫 (127)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 奴歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /nek̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /nek̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /nɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /nɛjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /nek̚/
Wang
Li		 /niek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /niek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 溺
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nek ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nˁewk/
English to sink in water

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 溺
Reading # 2/2
No. 10952
Phonetic
component		 弱
Rime
group		 藥
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 惄
Old
Chinese		 /*neːwɢ/

Definitions

溺

  1. to drown
  2. to indulge
  3. A surname​.

Compounds
  • 人溺己溺
  • 大水沖溺／大水冲溺
  • 己飢己溺／己饥己溺
  • 惑溺
  • 扶危拯溺
  • 拯危扶溺
  • 拯溺
  • 拯溺扶危
  • 拯溺救焚
  • 拯溺濟危／拯溺济危
  • 授手援溺
  • 援溺振渴
  • 溺水 (nìshuǐ)
  • 溺職／溺职 (nìzhí)
  • 溺谷
  • 溺途
  • 焚溺
  • 網路沉溺症／网路沉溺症
  • 耽溺
  • 見溺不救／见溺不救
  • 鍾溺／钟溺
  • 陷溺
  • 飢溺為懷／饥溺为怀

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 溺

Pronunciation
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 溺
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 niào
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ newH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kə.nˁewk-s/
English urine

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

溺

  1. Alternative form of 尿 (niào, “urine; to urinate”).

Compounds
  • 便溺 (biànniào)
  • 屎溺
  • 撒溺
  • 溲溺
  • 溺器
  • 溺窩子／溺窝子
  • 貓溺／猫溺
  • 道在屎溺 (dàozàishǐniào)
  • 阿金溺銀／阿金溺银

Etymology 3
simp. and trad.
 溺

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 溺
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 藥 (107)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而灼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵiɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑiɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵɨak̚/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiak̚/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ruò
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 溺
Reading # 1/2
No. 10948
Phonetic
component		 弱
Rime
group		 藥
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 若
Old
Chinese		 /*njewɢ/

Definitions

溺

  1. ‡ Alternative form of 弱 (ruò, “name of a river”).
  2. † Alternative form of 弱 (ruò, “weak”).

Japanese

Kanji
溺

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

溺 • (nik>ik, nyo>yo) (hangeul 닉>익, 뇨>요, revised nik>ik, nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nik>ik, nyo>yo, Yale nik>ik, nyo>yo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

溺: Hán Nôm readings: nịch, niệu, nịu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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