沈む

Japanese
Kanji in this term
沈
しず
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Verb

沈む (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana しずむ, rōmaji shizumu, historical hiragana しづむ)

Japanese verb pair
active 沈める
mediopassive 沈む
  1. to sink; to go to the bottom
  2. (of the sun) to set
  3. to be immersed
  4. to feel downcast, dejected, depressed
  5. to droop

Conjugation
Conjugation of "沈む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 沈ま しずま shizuma
Continuative (連用形) 沈み しずみ shizumi
Terminal (終止形) 沈む しずむ shizumu
Attributive (連体形) 沈む しずむ shizumu
Hypothetical (仮定形) 沈め しずめ shizume
Imperative (命令形) 沈め しずめ shizume
Key constructions
Passive 沈まれる しずまれる shizumareru
Causative 沈ませる
沈ます		 しずませる
しずます		 shizumaseru
shizumasu
Potential 沈める しずめる shizumeru
Volitional 沈もう しずもう shizumō
Negative 沈まない しずまない shizumanai
Negative continuative 沈まず しずまず shizumazu
Formal 沈みます しずみます shizumimasu
Perfective 沈んだ しずんだ shizunda
Conjunctive 沈んで しずんで shizunde
Hypothetical conditional 沈めば しずめば shizumeba
Classical conjugation of "沈む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 沈ましづまsiduma
Continuative (連用形) 沈みしづみsidumi
Terminal (終止形) 沈むしづむsidumu
Attributive (連体形) 沈むしづむsidumu
Realis (已然形) 沈めしづめsidume
Imperative (命令形) 沈めしづめsidume
Key constructions
Negative 沈まずしづまずsidumazu
Contrasting conjunction 沈めどしづめどsidumedo
Causal conjunction 沈めばしづめばsidumeba
Conditional conjunction 沈まばしづまばsidumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 沈みきしづみきsidumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 沈みけりしづみけりsidumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 沈みつしづみつsidumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 沈みぬしづみぬsiduminu
Perfect-continuative tense 沈めり
沈みたり		しづめり
しづみたり		sidumeri
sidumitari

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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