決まる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
決
き
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Derived as the intransitive form of Old Japanese verb 決む (kimu, “to decide something, to conclude something; to be decided, to be concluded”).[1][2][3]

The source verb kimu appears to follow a common pattern in Old Japanese verbs where the bare form is either transitive or intransitive, depending on context. This pattern persists in some modern verbs, such as つく (tsuku). Many of these Old Japanese verbs developed explicit transitive and intransitive forms, with one group adopting an -aru on the end for the intransitive (as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) ending in -a + the conjugating る (ru) as the basic spontaneous or passive verb ending), and an -eru on the end for the transitive (as the 已然形 (izenkei, “realis or potential form”) + the disappearing る (ru) as a generic verb ending).

Pronunciation

Verb

決まる (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana きまる, rōmaji kimaru)

Japanese verb pair
active 決める
mediopassive 決まる
  1. to be decided, to be concluded, to be brought to a resolution

Conjugation
Conjugation of "決まる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 決まら きまら kimara
Continuative (連用形) 決まり きまり kimari
Terminal (終止形) 決まる きまる kimaru
Attributive (連体形) 決まる きまる kimaru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 決まれ きまれ kimare
Imperative (命令形) 決まれ きまれ kimare
Key constructions
Passive 決まられる きまられる kimarareru
Causative 決まらせる
決まらす		 きまらせる
きまらす		 kimaraseru
kimarasu
Potential 決まれる きまれる kimareru
Volitional 決まろう きまろう kimarō
Negative 決まらない きまらない kimaranai
Negative continuative 決まらず きまらず kimarazu
Formal 決まります きまります kimarimasu
Perfective 決まった きまった kimatta
Conjunctive 決まって きまって kimatte
Hypothetical conditional 決まれば きまれば kimareba
Classical conjugation of "決まる" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 決まらきまらkimara
Continuative (連用形) 決まりきまりkimari
Terminal (終止形) 決まるきまるkimaru
Attributive (連体形) 決まるきまるkimaru
Realis (已然形) 決まれきまれkimare
Imperative (命令形) 決まれきまれkimare
Key constructions
Negative 決まらずきまらずkimarazu
Contrasting conjunction 決まれどきまれどkimaredo
Causal conjunction 決まればきまればkimareba
Conditional conjunction 決まらばきまらばkimaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 決まりききまりきkimariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 決まりけりきまりけりkimarikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 決まりつきまりつkimaritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 決まりぬきまりぬkimarinu
Perfect-continuative tense 決まれり
決まりたり		きまれり
きまりたり		kimareri
kimaritari

Derived terms

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.