乖

乖 U+4E56, 乖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E56
← 乕
[U+4E55] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 乗 →
[U+4E57]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

乖 (radical 4, 丿+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹十中心 (HJLP), four-corner 20111, composition ⿻千北)

References
  • KangXi: page 83, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 149
  • Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 38, character 18
  • Unihan data for U+4E56

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 乖
variant forms 𠁰

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 乖
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s02657

Transcribed ancient scripts

L30930

L30931

L30932

L03756

L03757

L03758

L03759

L03760

L03761

L03762

L03763

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 乖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 皆 (34)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古懷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠuɛi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwəɨj/
Li
Rong		 /kuɛi/
Wang
Li		 /kwɐi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kwăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guāi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 乖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guāi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwɛj ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷˁrəj/
English oppose; disorder

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 乖
Reading # 1/1
No. 4401
Phonetic
component		 乖
Rime
group		 微
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 乖
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷrɯːl/

Definitions

乖

  1. to violate; to rebel
  2. to separate; to split
  3. to break off; to cut off
  4. difference; mistake
  5. crafty; shrewd; wicked
  6. clever; alert
  7. (usually of a child) well-behaved; obedient; nice
  8. (dialectal) beautiful

Usage notes

Unlike English obedient, 乖 is almost always a positive compliment when used to describe a child. When used for an adult, the word is often disparaging.

Antonyms
  • (naughty): (Cantonese) 曳 (jai5)

Compounds
Derived terms from 乖

Japanese

Kanji
乖

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. to diverge, to disobey, to go against

Readings

Korean

Hanja

乖 • (goe)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 괴 (revised: goe, McCune–Reischauer: koe, Yale: koy)
    • Name (hangeul): 어그러질 (revised: eogeureojil, McCune–Reischauer: ǒgǔrǒjil)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Vietnamese

Han character

乖: Hán Nôm readings: quai, quay

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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