上海

Chinese

		up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	ocean; sea
simp. and trad. (上海)		上	海
anagram		海上

Etymology

Named after 上海浦.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Shànghǎi

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄏㄞˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ hoi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Sông-hói
Min Dong (BUC): Siông-hāi
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): Siōng-hái / Siǒng-hái / Siāng-hái

(Teochew, Peng'im): siang⁶ hai²
Wu (Wiktionary): zaan he (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: Shànghǎi
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄏㄞˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shanqhae
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Shànghǎi
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ˥˩ xaɪ̯˨˩˦꜕꜖⁽꜕꜖꜓⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ hoi²
  - Yale: seuhng hói
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ hoi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ hoi²
  - IPA ^(key): /sœ̽ːŋ˨ hɔːy̯˧˥/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sông-hói
  - Hakka Romanization System: song´ hoi`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song¹ hoi³
  - IPA: /soŋ˨˦ hoi̯˧˩/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Siông-hāi
  - IPA ^(key): /suoŋ˨˦˨⁻˥˧ ^(h-)ŋai˧/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siōng-hái
  - Tâi-lô: Siōng-hái
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioxnghae
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔŋ˧˧꜕꜖ haɪ˦˩/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɔŋ˨˨꜕꜖ haɪ˥˧/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɔŋ˧˧꜖꜖ haɪ˥˧/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siǒng-hái
  - Tâi-lô: Siǒng-hái
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ˨˨ haɪ˥˥˦/
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /ɕiɔŋ˧˧꜕꜕ haɪ˥˥˦/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siāng-hái
  - Tâi-lô: Siāng-hái
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaxnghae
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ˨˨꜕꜖ haɪ˥˧/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siang⁶ hai²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siăng hái
  - IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hai⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zaan he (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /z̻ɑ̃˨ he̞˦/

Proper noun

上海

(～市) Shanghai (a municipality of China)
上海證券交易所 / 上海证券交易所 ― shànghǎi zhèngquàn jiāoyìsuǒ ― Shanghai Stock Exchange

儂到上海來了多少辰光了？ [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬到上海来了多少辰光了？ [Shanghainese, simp.]
[nʊŋ˨˧ tɔ˧˦ z̻ɑ̃˨ he̞˦ le̞˨˧ ləʔ tv̩ʷ˥ sɔ˨˩ z̻əɲ˨ kɯɑ̃˦ ləʔ] [IPA]
How long have you been in Shanghai?

Synonyms

(abbreviation) 滬／沪 (hù)
申 (shēn)

Derived terms

上海人 (Shànghǎirén)
上海毛蟹 (Shànghǎi máoxiè)
上海灘／上海滩 (Shànghǎitān)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (上海):

→ Korean: 상해 (上海, Sanghae)
→ Vietnamese: Thượng Hải (上海)

Others:

→ English: Shanghai
→ French: Shanghai, Shanghaï, Changhaï
→ Japanese: 上 (シャン)海 (ハイ) (Shanhai)
→ Korean: 상하이 (Sanghai)
→ Russian: Шанха́й (Šanxáj)
→ Zhuang: Sanghaij

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	海
しゃん Grade: 1	はい Grade: 2
Irregular

Etymology

Borrowed from Mandarin 上海 (Shànghǎi).[1]

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) シャンハイ [sháꜜǹhàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- (Tokyo) シャンハイ [shàńháꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɕã̠ɰ̃ha̠i]

Proper noun

上海 (katakana シャンハイ, rōmaji Shanhai)

Shanghai

Derived terms

上 (シャン)海 (ハイ)語 (ご) (Shanhai-go)

References

1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
上	海

Proper noun

上海 • (Sanghae) (hangeul 상해)

Hanja form^? of 상해 (“Shanghai”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
上	海

Proper noun

上海

Hán tự form of Thượng Hải (“Shanghai”).

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[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN