pljuvati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *plьvati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ptyēw- (“to spit, vomit”). Cognate with Bulgarian плюя (pljuja), Slovene pljuvati, Russian плевать (plevatʹ), Slovak pľuť. Non-Slavic cognates include Ancient Greek πτύω (ptúō), Gothic 𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (speiwan), Albanian shpif, Sanskrit ष्ठीवति (ṣṭhīvati, “to spit”), Old Armenian թուք (tʿukʿ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pʎûʋati/
Hyphenation: plju‧va‧ti

Verb

pljȕvati impf (Cyrillic spelling пљу̏вати)

(transitive, intransitive) to spit

Conjugation

Conjugation of pljuvati

Infinitive: pljuvati		Present verbal adverb: pljȕjūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: pljȕvānje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		pljujem	pljuješ	pljuje	pljujemo	pljujete	pljuju
Future	Future I	pljuvat ću¹ pljuvaću	pljuvat ćeš¹ pljuvaćeš	pljuvat će¹ pljuvaće	pljuvat ćemo¹ pljuvaćemo	pljuvat ćete¹ pljuvaćete	pljuvat će¹ pljuvaće
Future	Future II	budem pljuvao²	budeš pljuvao²	bude pljuvao²	budemo pljuvali²	budete pljuvali²	budu pljuvali²
Past	Perfect	pljuvao sam²	pljuvao si²	pljuvao je²	pljuvali smo²	pljuvali ste²	pljuvali su²
	Pluperfect³	bio sam pljuvao²	bio si pljuvao²	bio je pljuvao²	bili smo pljuvali²	bili ste pljuvali²	bili su pljuvali²
	Imperfect	pljuvah	pljuvaše	pljuvaše	pljuvasmo	pljuvaste	pljuvahu
Conditional I		pljuvao bih²	pljuvao bi²	pljuvao bi²	pljuvali bismo²	pljuvali biste²	pljuvali bi²
Conditional II		bio bih pljuvao²	bio bi pljuvao²	bio bi pljuvao²	bili bismo pljuvali²	bili biste pljuvali²	bili bi pljuvali²
Imperative		—	pljuj	—	pljujmo	pljujte	—
Active past participle		pljuvao m / pljuvala f / pljuvalo n			pljuvali m / pljuvale f / pljuvala n
Passive past participle		pljuvan m / pljuvana f / pljuvano n			pljuvani m / pljuvane f / pljuvana n
¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. ² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. ³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse and as such they are found only in literary texts; routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

ispljùvati
popljùvati

upljùvati
zapljùvati

Related terms

pljȕnuti pf

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “плевать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress

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