mesti

See also: mēšti

Indonesian

Verb

mesti

must

Italian

Adjective

mesti

masculine plural of mesto

Verb

mesti

second-person singular present indicative of mestare
first-person singular present subjunctive of mestare
second-person singular present subjunctive of mestare
third-person singular present subjunctive of mestare
third-person singular imperative of mestare

Anagrams

miste, stime

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese mister.

Verb

mesti

must
to need

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *met-[1]. Cognate with Latvian mest[1], Polish mieść (“to drift”)[1][2] and Russian мести́ (mestí, “to sweep”)[1].

Pronunciation 1

IPA^(key): [ˈmʲɛsʲtʲɪ]

Verb

mèsti (third-person present tense mẽta, third-person past tense mẽtė)

to throw[3]
to drop
to give up (a habit, such as smoking)

Conjugation

conjugation of mesti

		singular (vienaskaita)			plural (daugiskaita)
		1^st person (pirmasis asmuo)	2^nd person (antrasis asmuo)	3^rd person (trečiasis asmuo)	1^st person (pirmasis asmuo)	2^nd person (antrasis asmuo)	3^rd person (trečiasis asmuo)
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka)	present (esamasis laikas)	metu	meti	meta	metame, metam	metate, metat	meta
	past (būtasis kartinis laikas)	mečiau	metei	metė	metėme, metėm	metėte, metėt	metė
	past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas)	mesdavau	mesdavai	mesdavo	mesdavome, mesdavom	mesdavote, mesdavot	mesdavo
	future (būsimasis laikas)	mesiu	mesi	mes	mesime, mesim	mesite, mesit	mes
subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka)		mesčiau	mestum	mestų	mestumėme, mestumėm, mestume	mestumėte, mestumėt	mestų
imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka)		—	mesk, meski	temeta	meskime, meskim	meskite, meskit	temeta

Participles of mesti

Adjectival (dalyviai)
		active	passive
present		metąs, metantis	metamas
past		metęs	mestas
past frequentative		mesdavęs	—
future		mesiąs, mesiantis	mesimas
participle of necessity		—	mestinas
Adverbial
special (pusdalyvis)		mesdamas
half-participle (padalyviai)	present	metant
	past	metus
	past frequentative	mesdavus
	future	mesiant
manner of action (būdinys)		meste, mestinai

Synonyms

(to throw): blokšti, drėbti, sviesti; (iteratively) mėtyti

Related terms

(nouns):

išmatos f pl
metai m pl

(verb):

mėtyti

Derived terms

verbs derived from mesti

with prefixes:

įmesti
išmesti
numesti

nouns derived from mesti

(verbal noun) metìmas m
metė́jas m / metė́ja f
metìkas m / metìkė f

Pronunciation 2

IPA^(key): [mʲɛsʲˈtʲɪ]

Participle

mestì m

masculine plural nominative form of mestas.

Anagrams

semti

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308-309. →ISBN
Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “mieść”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, published 1985, page 335
“mesti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN

Malay

Adverb

mesti

must

Synonyms

harus

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *mesti

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mêsti/
Hyphenation: me‧sti

Verb

mȅsti impf (Cyrillic spelling ме̏сти)

(transitive, intransitive) to sweep

Conjugation

Conjugation of mesti

Infinitive: mesti		Present verbal adverb: mètūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: mètēnje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		metem	meteš	mete	metemo	metete	metu
Future	Future I	mest ću¹ mešću	mest ćeš¹ mešćeš	mest će¹ mešće	mest ćemo¹ mešćemo	mest ćete¹ mešćete	mest će¹ mešće
Future	Future II	budem meo²	budeš meo²	bude meo²	budemo meli²	budete meli²	budu meli²
Past	Perfect	meo sam²	meo si²	meo je²	meli smo²	meli ste²	meli su²
	Pluperfect³	bio sam meo²	bio si meo²	bio je meo²	bili smo meli²	bili ste meli²	bili su meli²
	Imperfect	metijah / metah	metijaše / metaše	metijaše / metaše	metijasmo / metasmo	metijaste / metaste	metijahu / metahu
Conditional I		meo bih²	meo bi²	meo bi²	meli bismo²	meli biste²	meli bi²
Conditional II		bio bih meo²	bio bi meo²	bio bi meo²	bili bismo meli²	bili biste meli²	bili bi meli²
Imperative		—	mèti	—	mètimo	mètite	—
Active past participle		meo m / mela f / melo n			meli m / mele f / mela n
Passive past participle		meten m / metena f / meteno n			meteni m / metene f / metena n
¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. ² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. ³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse and as such they are found only in literary texts; routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

pòmesti pf
smȅsti pf
zàmesti pf

Slovene

Verb

mêsti impf (first-person singular present [please provide], past active participle)

to sweep

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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[rd2008-1] Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308-309. →ISBN

[2] Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “mieść”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, published 1985, page 335

[3] “mesti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN