bonus
English
Noun
bonus (plural bonuses)
- Something extra that is good; an added benefit.
- An extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder.
- 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:
- Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. […] Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
- The employee of the week receives a bonus for his excellent work.
-
- (video games) An addition to the player's score based on performance, e.g. for time remaining.
- 1988, David Powell, Rygar (video game review) in Your Sinclair issue 25
- Spend the time killing things and there's a bonus for each hit - but only for fatalities notched up since the start of your current life.
- 1988, David Powell, Rygar (video game review) in Your Sinclair issue 25
- (basketball) One or more free throws awarded to a team when the opposing team has accumulated enough fouls.
Derived terms
Translations
something extra that is good
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Noun
Finnish
Declension
Inflection of bonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | bonus | bonukset | |
genitive | bonuksen | bonusten bonuksien | |
partitive | bonusta | bonuksia | |
illative | bonukseen | bonuksiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | bonus | bonukset | |
accusative | nom. | bonus | bonukset |
gen. | bonuksen | ||
genitive | bonuksen | bonusten bonuksien | |
partitive | bonusta | bonuksia | |
inessive | bonuksessa | bonuksissa | |
elative | bonuksesta | bonuksista | |
illative | bonukseen | bonuksiin | |
adessive | bonuksella | bonuksilla | |
ablative | bonukselta | bonuksilta | |
allative | bonukselle | bonuksille | |
essive | bonuksena | bonuksina | |
translative | bonukseksi | bonuksiksi | |
instructive | — | bonuksin | |
abessive | bonuksetta | bonuksitta | |
comitative | — | bonuksineen |
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English bonus, from Latin bonus. Compare bon (“good”), a doublet inherited from the same Latin word.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔ.nys/
Antonyms
Further reading
- “bonus” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Latin
Etymology
From Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos, from Proto-Indo-European *dew- (“to show favor, revere”). Some relate it to Ancient Greek δέος (déos), whence δεινός (deinós), δειλός (deilós). Compare the change from duellum to bellum (“war”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈbo.nus/, [ˈbɔ.nʊs]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈbo.nus/, [ˈboː.nus]
Audio (Ecclesiastical) (file)
Adjective
bonus (feminine bona, neuter bonum, comparative melior, superlative optimus or optumus); first/second declension
Declension
First/second declension.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | bonus | bona | bonum | bonī | bonae | bona | |
Genitive | bonī | bonae | bonī | bonōrum | bonārum | bonōrum | |
Dative | bonō | bonō | bonīs | ||||
Accusative | bonum | bonam | bonum | bonōs | bonās | bona | |
Ablative | bonō | bonā | bonō | bonīs | |||
Vocative | bone | bona | bonum | bonī | bonae | bona |
This adjective has irregular comparative and superlative degrees.
Descendants
- Aromanian: bun
- Asturian: bonu, buenu
- Catalan: bo, bon, bé
- Corsican: bonu
- Dalmatian: bun
- English: boon (through Old French), bonus (borrowing)
- Franco-Provençal: bon
- French: bon, bonus (borrowing)
- Friulian: bon
- Galician: bo
- Guinea-Bissau Creole: bon, bo
- Istro-Romanian: bur
- Italian: buono, bonus (borrowing)
- Kabuverdianu: bon
- Occitan: bon
- Old Occitan: bon
- Old Portuguese: bõo, bon
- Papiamentu: bon
- Picard: boin
- Portuguese: bom, bónus (borrowing)
- Romanian: bun
- Romansch: bun
- Sardinian: bonu
- Sicilian: bonu
- Spanish: bueno, bono (borrowing), bonus (borrowing)
- Venetian: bon
Declension
Second declension.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | bonus | bonī |
Genitive | bonī | bonōrum |
Dative | bonō | bonīs |
Accusative | bonum | bonōs |
Ablative | bonō | bonīs |
Vocative | bone | bonī |
References
- bonus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- bonus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- bonus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- bonus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be robust, vigorous: bonis esse viribus
- who gets the advantage from this? who is the interested party: cui bono?
- moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
- to have good lungs: bonis lateribus esse
- to be brave, courageous: bono animo esse
- (ambiguous) to possess means, to be well off: rem or opes habere, bona possidere, in bonis esse
- to be very rich: opibus, divitiis, bonis, facultatibus abundare
- to drive a person out of house and home: evertere aliquem bonis, fortunis patriis
- disinherited: exheres paternorum bonorum (De Or. 1. 38. 175)
- the aristocracy (as a party in politics): boni cives, optimi, optimates, also simply boni (opp. improbi); illi, qui optimatium causam agunt
- justly and equitably: ex aequo et bono (Caecin. 23. 65)
- (ambiguous) to meet with good weather: tempestatem idoneam, bonam nancisci
- (ambiguous) to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
- (ambiguous) to reward amply; to give manifold recompense for: bonam (praeclaram) gratiam referre
- (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
- (ambiguous) to be gifted, talented (not praeditum esse by itself): bona indole (always in sing.) praeditum esse
- (ambiguous) he is a young man of great promise: adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit or alii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
- (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to be brave, courageous: bonum animum habere
- (ambiguous) to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
- (ambiguous) natural advantages: naturae bona
- (ambiguous) to recover one's reason, be reasonable again: ad bonam frugem se recipere
- (ambiguous) may heaven's blessing rest on it: quod bonum, faustum, felix, fortunatumque sit! (Div. 1. 45. 102)
- (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
- (ambiguous) to possess means, to be well off: rem or opes habere, bona possidere, in bonis esse
- (ambiguous) to squander all one's property: lacerare bona sua (Verr. 3. 70. 164)
- (ambiguous) to confiscate a person's property: bona alicuius publicare (B. G. 5. 54)
- (ambiguous) to restore to a person his confiscated property: bona alicui restituere
- (ambiguous) allow me to say: bona (cum) venia tua dixerim
- to be robust, vigorous: bonis esse viribus
Further reading
- bonus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Norwegian Bokmål
Norwegian Nynorsk
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English bonus, from Latin bonus. Compare the doublet bueno (“good”), inherited from the same Latin word.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbonus/
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