Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/plaviti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *plew- and/or *pleh₃-. Per Derksen, possibly conflated into *pleh₃w-. Cognate with Lithuanian pláuti (“to wash, to rinse”) (1sg. pláuju, 1sg. past plóviau), Sanskrit प्लावयति (plāvayati, “to cause to float, to flood”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (frāuuaiieiti, “to cause to leave”), Ancient Greek πλώω (plṓō, “to float, to sail”), Old Norse flóa (“to flow”), English flow, etc. See the above PIE roots for more cognates.

Verb

*plàviti

to float? to flood? melt? to wash?

Inflection

Conjugation of *plaviti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*plavľenьje	*plaviti	*plavitъ	*plavilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*plavľenъ	*plavimъ
Active	*plavľь	*plavę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*plavixъ	*plavi	*plavi	*plavľǫ	*plaviši	*plavitь
Dual	*plavixově	*plavista	*plaviste	*plavivě	*plavita	*plavite
Plural	*plavixomъ	*plaviste	*plavišę	*plavimъ	*plavite	*plavętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*plavľaaxъ	*plavľaaše	*plavľaaše	—	*plavi	*plavi
Dual	*plavľaaxově	*plavľaašeta	*plavľaašete	*plavivě	*plavita	—
Plural	*plavľaaxomъ	*plavľaašete	*plavľaaxǫ	*plavimъ	*plavite	—

(*)*plavivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*plàvati (“to swim, to sail”)
*pluti (“to swim, to sail”)
*plyti (“to swim, to sail”)

*plūtò (“flotsam”)
*plъ̀tъ (“raft”)

Descendants

Church Slavonic: (плавитися (plavitisja, “to sail”)) (Russian)

East Slavic:
- Russian: пла́вить (plávitʹ, “to melt”)
- Ukrainian: плавити (plavyty)

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: пла́вя (plávja, “to rinse”)
- Macedonian: плави (plavi, “to rinse, to wash, to flood”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: пла̏вити (“to flood”), 1sg. пла̏вӣм
  
  Latin: plȁviti (“to flood”), 1sg. plȁvīm
- Slovene: plavíti (“to flood, to sail, to melt”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. plavím (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Czech: plavit (“to float, to bathe (horses), to scour, to navigate”)
- Polish: pławić (“to bathe (horses); (archaic) to melt”), spławić (“to transport by water”)
- Slovak: plaviť (“to float”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: pławić
  - Lower Sorbian: pławiś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*plàviti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 403
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “пла́вить”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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