Jin

• (archaic Chinese forms): Chin, Kin
• (dated Korean forms): Chin

From the atonal pinyin romanization of Chinese 晉 (Jìn, “orig. increase”), adopted as the name of a river in Shanxi in antiquity. As a Zhou state, from the renaming of the marchland Tang (唐) by its second marquis Ji Xie when he relocated to the Jin River c. 1000 BC. As a surname, principally from the Zhou state and its region in China and via Korean 진 (jin) in Korea. As an empire and dynastic name, from Sima Yan's status as prince of Jin under the preceding Wei Empire. As a river in Fujian, named for the empire, which settled its banks with colonizers from China's Central Plains. As a dialect, from 晉語／晋语 (Jìnyǔ), from the region of the former Zhou state.

Jin

1. (geography) A river (晉水) in Shanxi Province, China, emptying into the Fen River.
2. (historical, geography) A marchland (c. 1046–677 BC) and duchy (677–376 BC) of the Zhou Kingdom around the river.
3. A Chinese and Korean surname.
4. (historical) A titular principality of the Wei Empire (est. AD 264) and other later Chinese states.
5. (historical, geography) An empire in China (AD 265–420) established by Sima Yan's overthrow of the Wei and replaced by barbarian conquerors in the north and Liu Yu's Song Empire in the south.
6. (historical) Synonym of Sima: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
7. (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) The late 3rd to early 5th century, the era during which the Sima clan were the legitimate emperors of China.
8. (geography) A river (晉江) in Quanzhou Municipality, Fujian, emptying into the Taiwan Strait.
9. (historical geography) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Linfen, Shanxi.
10. (historical geography) Former name of Linfen as the seat of the prefecture.
11. (historical, geography) An realm in early-10th century Shaanxi loyal to the Tang after their overthrow by the Later Liang.
12. (historical, geography) The Later Jin, a short-lived empire in 10th-century Shaanxi; the 930s and '40s, the era of this empire.
13. (historical) Synonym of Shi: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
14. (linguistics) A Chinese dialect family (code cjy) spoken by about 45 million people in Shanxi and adjacent provinces.

• (empire & era): Sima Jin, Liang Jin
• (Shanxinese river): Jinshui
• (Fujianese river): Jinjiang
• (prefecture & its seat): Jinzhou
• (dialect family): Jin Chinese, Jinese, Shanxinese, Shanxi dialect

• (imperial dynasty): Western Jin; Eastern Jin
• (dialect family): Bingzhou, Lüliang, Shangdang, Wutai, Datong–Baotou, Zhangjiakou–Hohhot, Handan–Xinxiang, Zhidan–Yanchuan

• Jinese, Jin Chinese

• Jinjiang, Zayton, Tsinkiang

From the atonal pinyin romanization of Chinese 金 (Jīn, “orig. gold, golden”). As a surname, legendarily derived from the descendants of Shaohao who took a golden phoenix as their tribal emblem. As an area and town in Shaanxi, named for the placer deposits of gold on the Yue River. As a Jurchen empire and dynastic name, a Chinese calque of Jurchen name of the Ashi River within modern Harbin, preserved in Chinese transcription as 按出虎 (Middle Chinese: ʔan-tsyhwit-xu). As a Manchu empire and dynastic name, an early continuation of the former Jurchen name prior to the 1636 proclamation of the Qing.

Jin

1. A Chinese surname, given 29th among the Hundred Family Surnames.
2. (historical geography) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Ankang, Shaanxi.
3. (historical geography) Former name of Ankang as the seat of the prefecture.
4. (historical, geography) An empire in northern China (AD 1115–1234) established by an invasion of Liao by the Wanyan Jurchens and overthrown by an invasion of the Mongols.
5. (historical) Synonym of Wanyan: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
6. (historical, ethnography, uncommon) Synonym of Jurchen: the Tungusic people who ruled this empire.
7. (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) The 12th to early 13th century, the era during which the Wanyan clan were the legitimate emperors of northern China.
8. (historical, geography) Synonym of Qing: the Chinese empire, dynasty, and era, (particularly) during the years 1616 to 1636, prior to the formal declaration of the Qing.

• (surname): Kim (Korean equivalent); Kam (Cantonese equivalent)
• (prefecture & its seat): Jinzhou, Xicheng
• (empire & era): Jurchen, Jurchen Jin, Jinn

From the atonal pinyin romanization of Chinese 錦 (Jǐn, “orig. brocade”).

Jin

1. (geography) A river (錦江) in Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces in China, emptying into the Bei or North River.
2. (geography) A river (錦江) in Sichuan Province, China, emptying into the Min River.
3. (historical geography) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Luyang, Hunan.
4. (historical geography) Former name of Luyang as the seat of the prefecture.

• (rivers): Jinjiang
• (Jianxinese river): Changjiang Creek or River (upper course)
• (prefecture & seat): Jinzhou

From the atonal pinyin romanization of Chinese 靳 (Jìn, “orig. a piece of horse tack”). As a surname, legendarily derived from Zhurong.

Jin

1. A Chinese surname.
2. (geography) A river (靳江) in Hunan Province, China, emptying into the Xiang River.

• (river): Jinjiang

From the revised romanization of Korean 진 (jin). As an ancient kingdom, originally from Chinese 辰 (“5th earthly branch”), whose Old Chinese pronunciation has been reconstructed */[d]ər/, possibly used by the ancient state from its association with "east". As the medieval precursor of Balhae, originally Chinese 震, whose Middle Chinese pronunciation was tsyin, possibly intended as a variant of the original state's name (Middle Chinese: dzyin) or to signify "thunderclap", "shock", "tremor", etc. As a surname, the modern Korean form of originally separate names derived from Chinese 陳, 秦, 眞, as well as 晉 above.

Jin

1. (historical, geography) An ancient state or tribal confederation in northern Korea.
2. (historical, geography) Synonym of Balhae, a northern Korean state, (particularly) between its AD 698 founding and 712 renaming.
3. A Korean surname.

• Jinhan

From the romanji form of Japanese 仁 (“benevolence”)

Jin

1. A Japanese male given name.

• IJN, JNI

Jin

1. Rōmaji transcription of じん