Isotopen van goud
Het chemisch element goud (Au), met een atoommassa van 196,966569(4) u, bezit 1 stabiele isotoop: 197Au. Het is tevens de enige in de natuur voorkomende isotoop van dit element, waardoor het valt onder de mononuclidische elementen. Goud is daarmee het zwaarste mononuclidisch element. De 36 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van goud is 171Au, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 30 microseconden. De langstlevende is 195Au, met een halfwaardetijd van 186 dagen.
Overzicht
Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
169Au | 79 | 90 | 168,99808(32) | 150 µs | 1/2+ | ||||
170Au | 79 | 91 | 169,99612(22) | 310(50) µs | (2−) | ||||
170mAu | 275(14) keV | 630(60) µs | (9+) | ||||||
171Au | 79 | 92 | 170,991879(28) | 30(5) µs | p | 170Pt | (1/2+) | ||
α (zelden) | 167Ir | ||||||||
171mAu | 250(16) keV | 1,014(19) ms | α (54%) | 167Ir | 11/2− | ||||
p (46%) | 170Pt | ||||||||
172Au | 79 | 93 | 171,99004(17) | 4,7(11) ms | α (98%) | 168Ir | |||
p (2%) | 171Pt | ||||||||
173Au | 79 | 94 | 172,986237(28) | 25(1) ms | α | 169Ir | (1/2+) | ||
β+ (zelden) | 173Pt | ||||||||
173mAu | 214(23) keV | 14,0(9) ms | α (96%) | 169Ir | (11/2−) | ||||
β+ (4%) | 173Pt | ||||||||
174Au | 79 | 95 | 173,98476(11) | 139(3) ms | α | 170Ir | |||
β+ (zelden) | 174Pt | ||||||||
174mAu | 360(70) keV | 171(29) ms | |||||||
175Au | 79 | 96 | 174,98127(5) | 100 ms | α (82%) | 171Ir | 1/2+ | ||
β+ (18%) | 175Pt | ||||||||
175mAu | 200(30) keV | 156(3) ms | α | 171Ir | 11/2− | ||||
β+ | 175Pt | ||||||||
176Au | 79 | 97 | 175,98010(11) | 1,08(17) s | α (60%) | 172Ir | (5−) | ||
β+ (40%) | 176Pt | ||||||||
176mAu | 150(100) keV | 860(160) ms | (7+) | ||||||
177Au | 79 | 98 | 176,976865(14) | 1,462(32) s | β+ (60%) | 177Pt | (1/2+, 3/2+) | ||
α (40%) | 173Ir | ||||||||
177mAu | 216(26) keV | 1,180(12) s | 11/2− | ||||||
178Au | 79 | 99 | 177,97603(6) | 2,6(5) s | β+ (60%) | 178Pt | |||
α (40%) | 174Ir | ||||||||
179Au | 79 | 100 | 178,973213(18) | 7,1(3) s | β+ (78%) | 179Pt | 5/2− | ||
α (22%) | 175Ir | ||||||||
179mAu | 99(16) keV | (11/2−) | |||||||
180Au | 79 | 101 | 179,972521(23) | 8,1(3) s | β+ (98,2%) | 180Pt | |||
α (1,8%) | 176Ir | ||||||||
181Au | 79 | 102 | 180,970079(21) | 13,7(14) s | β+ (97,3%) | 181Pt | (3/2−) | ||
α (2,7%) | 177Ir | ||||||||
182Au | 79 | 103 | 181,969618(22) | 15,5(4) s | β+ (99,87%) | 182Pt | (2+) | ||
α (0,13%) | 178Ir | ||||||||
183Au | 79 | 104 | 182,967593(11) | 42,8(10) s | β+ (99,2%) | 183Pt | 5/2− | ||
α (0,8%) | 179Ir | ||||||||
183m1Au | 73,3(4) keV | > 1 µs | 1/2+ | ||||||
183m2Au | 230,6(6) keV | < 1 µs | 11/2− | ||||||
184Au | 79 | 105 | 183,967452(24) | 20,6(9) s | β+ | 184Pt | 5+ | ||
184mAu | 68,46(1) keV | 47,6(14) s | β+ (70%) | 184Pt | 2+ | ||||
IT (30%) | 184Au | ||||||||
α (0,013%) | 180Ir | ||||||||
185Au | 79 | 106 | 184,965789(28) | 4,25(6) min | β+ (99,74%) | 185Pt | 5/2− | ||
α (0,26%) | 181Ir | ||||||||
185mAu | 100(100) keV | 6,8(3) min | 1/2+ | ||||||
186Au | 79 | 107 | 185,965953(23) | 10,7(5) min | β+ (99,9992%) | 186Pt | 3− | ||
α (8 × 10−4%) | 182Ir | ||||||||
186mAu | 227,77(7) keV | 110(10) ns | 2+ | ||||||
187Au | 79 | 108 | 186,964568(27) | 8,4(3) min | β+ (99,997%) | 187Pt | 1/2+ | ||
α (0,003%) | 183Ir | ||||||||
187mAu | 120,51(16) keV | 2,3(1) s | IT | 187Au | 9/2− | ||||
188Au | 79 | 109 | 187,965324(22) | 8,84(6) min | β+ | 188Pt | 1− | ||
189Au | 79 | 110 | 188,963948(22) | 28,7(3) min | β+ (99,9997%) | 189Pt | 1/2+ | ||
α (3 × 10−4%) | 185Ir | ||||||||
189m1Au | 247,23(16) keV | 4,59(11) min | β+ | 189Pt | 11/2− | ||||
IT (zelden) | 189Au | ||||||||
189m2Au | 325,11(16) keV | 190(15) ns | 9/2− | ||||||
189m3Au | 2554,7(12) keV | 242(10) ns | 31/2+ | ||||||
190Au | 79 | 111 | 189,964700(17) | 42,8(10) min | β+ | 190Pt | 1- | ||
α (10−6%) | 186Ir | ||||||||
190mAu | 200(150) keV | 125(20) ms | IT | 190Au | 11− | ||||
β+ (zelden) | 190Pt | ||||||||
191Au | 79 | 112 | 190,96370(4) | 3,18(8) uur | β+ | 191Pt | 3/2+ | ||
191m1Au | 266,2(5) keV | 920(110) ms | IT | 191Au | (11/2−) | ||||
191m2Au | 2490(1) keV | > 400 ns | |||||||
192Au | 79 | 113 | 191,964813(17) | 4,94(9) uur | β+ | 192Pt | 1− | ||
192m1Au | 135,41(25) keV | 29 ms | IT | 192Au | 5+ | ||||
192m2Au | 431,6(5) keV | 160(20) ms | (11−) | ||||||
193Au | 79 | 114 | 192,964150(11) | 17,65(15) uur | β+ (100%) | 193Pt | 3/2+ | ||
α (10−5%) | 189It | ||||||||
193m1Au | 290,19(3) keV | 3,9(3) s | IT (99,97%) | 193Au | 11/2− | ||||
β+ (0,03%) | 193Pt | ||||||||
193m2Au | 2486,5(6) keV | 150(50) ns | (31/2+) | ||||||
194Au | 79 | 115 | 193,965365(11) | 38,02(10) uur | β+ | 194Pt | 1− | ||
194m1Au | 107,4(5) keV | 600(8) ms | IT | 194Au | (5+) | ||||
194m2Au | 475,8(6) keV | 420(10) ms | (11−) | ||||||
195Au | 79 | 116 | 194,9650346(14) | 186,098(47) d | EV | 195Pt | 3/2+ | ||
195mAu | 318,58(4) keV | 30,5(2) s | IT | 195Au | 11/2− | ||||
196Au | 79 | 117 | 195,966570(3) | 6,1669(6) dagen | β+ (93,05%) | 196Pt | 2− | ||
β− (6,95%) | 196Hg | ||||||||
196m1Au | 84,660(20) keV | 8,1(2) s | IT | 196Au | 5+ | ||||
196m2Au | 595,66(4) keV | 9,6(1) uur | 12− | ||||||
197Au | 79 | 118 | 196,9665687(6) | stabiel | 3/2+ | 1,0000 | |||
197mAu | 409,15(8) keV | 7,73(6) s | IT | 197Au | 11/2− | ||||
198Au | 79 | 119 | 197,9682423(6) | 2,69517(21) dagen | β− | 198Hg | 2− | ||
198m1Au | 312,2200(20) keV | 124(4) ns | 5+ | ||||||
198m2Au | 811,7(15) keV | 2,27(2) dagen | IT | 198Au | (12−) | ||||
199Au | 79 | 120 | 198,9687652(6) | 3,139(7) dagen | β− | 199Hg | 3/2+ | ||
199mAu | 548,9368(21) keV | 440(30) µs | 11/2− | ||||||
200Au | 79 | 121 | 199,97073(5) | 48,4(3) min | β− | 200Hg | 1− | ||
200mAu | 970(70) keV | 18,7(5) uur | β− (82%) | 200Hg | 12− | ||||
IT (18%) | 200Au | ||||||||
201Au | 79 | 122 | 200,971657(3) | 26(1) min | β− | 201Hg | 3/2+ | ||
202Au | 79 | 123 | 201,97381(18) | 28,8(19) s | β− | 202Hg | (1−) | ||
203Au | 79 | 124 | 202,975155(3) | 53(2) s | β− | 203Hg | 3/2+ | ||
204Au | 79 | 125 | 203,97772(22) | 39,8(9) s | β− | 204Hg | (2−) | ||
205Au | 79 | 126 | 204,97987(32) | 31(2) s | β− | 205Hg | 3/2+ |
Overzicht van isotopen per element
1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
|
Isotopen van goud (Au) |
---|
169Au · 170Au · 170Au · 172Au · 173Au · 174Au · 175Au · 176Au · 177Au · 178Au · 179Au · 180Au · 181Au · 182Au · 183Au · 184Au · 185Au · 186Au · 187Au · 188Au · 189Au · 190Au · 191Au · 192Au · 192Au · 193Au · 194Au · 195Au · 196Au · 197Au · 198Au · 199Au · 200Au · 201Au · 202Au · 203Au · 204Au · 205Au |