List of state and union territory capitals in India

India is a country located in southern Asia. With over 1.35 billion people, India is the most populous democracy in the world. It is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories.[1] All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments, both patterned on the Westminster model. The remaining five union territories are directly ruled by the central government through appointed administrators. In 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, states were reorganised on a linguistic basis.[2] Since then, their structure has remained largely unchanged. Each state or union territory is further divided into administrative districts.

The legislatures of three states, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, and Maharashtra, meet in different capitals for their summer and winter sessions.

The state and union territory capitals are sorted according to administrative, legislative and judicial capitals. The administrative capital is where the executive government offices are located,

List

No. State or
union territory
Administrative capital Legislative capital Judicial capital Year of establishment Former capital
1 Andaman and Nicobar Islands Port Blair   Kolkata 1956  
2 Andhra Pradesh ll>
Amaravati
(de facto from 2017)
[3][4][lower-alpha 1]
Amaravati[3] Amaravati 1956
2017
 
3 Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar Itanagar Guwahati 1987  
4 Assam Dispur Guwahati Guwahati 1972 Shillong[lower-alpha 2] (1950–1972)
5 Bihar Patna Patna Patna 1950  
6 Chandigarh Chandigarh[lower-alpha 3]   Chandigarh 1966  
7 Chhattisgarh Naya Raipur Raipur Bilaspur 2000  
8 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Daman   Mumbai 2020  
9 National Capital Territory of Delhi New Delhi New Delhi New Delhi 1956  
10 Goa Panaji[lower-alpha 4] Porvorim Mumbai 1987  
11 Gujarat Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Ahmedabad 1960 Ahmedabad (1960–1970)
12 Haryana Chandigarh Chandigarh Chandigarh 1966  
13 Himachal Pradesh Shimla Shimla (Summer)
Dharamsala (Winter)[8]
Shimla  1971
2017
 
14 Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar (Summer)[9]
Jammu (Winter)
Srinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)
Srinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)
2019  
15 Jharkhand Ranchi Ranchi Ranchi 2000  
16 Karnataka Bangalore Bangalore Bangalore 1956  
17 Kerala Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram Kochi 1956  
18 Ladakh Leh (Summer)
Kargil (Winter)[10]
  Srinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)
2019  
19 Lakshadweep Kavaratti   Kochi 1956  
20 Madhya Pradesh Bhopal Bhopal Jabalpur 1956  
21 Maharashtra Mumbai[lower-alpha 5] Mumbai (Summer)

Nagpur (winter)

Mumbai 1960  
22 Manipur Imphal Imphal Imphal 1972  
23 Meghalaya Shillong Shillong Shillong 1972  
24 Mizoram Aizawl Aizawl Guwahati 1987  
25 Nagaland Kohima Kohima Guwahati 1963  
26 Odisha Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar Cuttack 1950  
27 Puducherry Pondicherry Pondicherry Chennai 1954  
28 Punjab Chandigarh Chandigarh Chandigarh 1966  
29 Rajasthan Jaipur Jaipur Jodhpur 1950  
30 Sikkim Gangtok[lower-alpha 6] Gangtok Gangtok 1975  
31 Tamil Nadu Chennai[lower-alpha 7] Chennai Chennai 1956  
32 Telangana Hyderabad Hyderabad Hyderabad 2014  
33 Tripura Agartala Agartala Agartala 1972  
34 Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Lucknow Allahabad 1950  
35 Uttarakhand Dehradun Gairsain (Summer)[12]
Dehradun (Winter)
Nainital 2000
2020
 
36 West Bengal Kolkata Kolkata Kolkata 1950  

Notes

  1. After the formation of Telangana, as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, both states will share Hyderabad as their common capital for up to ten years. The new capital of Andhra Pradesh is going to be Amaravati, decided by the Andhra Pradesh government in April, 2016.
  2. Shillong was the joint capital of Assam and Meghalaya until 1972.[5]
  3. Chandigarh is the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana, and is a Union Territory, separate from the two states.[6]
  4. Panaji was the capital of Goa from 1843 when it was ruled by the Portuguese.[7]
  5. Mumbai (Bombay) was the capital of Bombay Presidency which was a province until 1950. After that Bombay became the capital of Bombay State. Subsequently, Bombay State was split into Gujarat and Maharashtra in 1960.
  6. Gangtok has been the capital of Sikkim since 1890. Kingdom of Sikkim joined the Indian Union in 1975.[11]
  7. Chennai (Madras) was the capital of the Madras Presidency since 1839, which was redrawn as Madras State in 1956. Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1968.

Citations

  1. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/jammu-and-kashmir-bifurcated-ladakh-union-territory-october.
  2. Sharma 2007, p. 49.
  3. "After 2200 Years, Amaravati Gets Back Power!". Gulte.com. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  4. "AP Government Portal - Official Andhra Pradesh State Govt. Portal". Ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  5. Baruah 1999, p. xiii.
  6. Menon & Banerjea 2002, p. 5.
  7. Ring 1996, p. 288.
  8. "Dharamshala Declared Second Capital of Himachal". www.hillpost.in. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  9. "What is the Darbar Move in J&K all about?". The Hindu. 8 May 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  10. Excelsior, Daily (12 November 2019). "LG, UT Hqrs, Head of Police to have Sectts at both Leh, Kargil: Mathur". Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  11. Spate 1953, p. 200.
  12. "Gairsain Named Uttarakhand's New Summer Capital". Times of India. Retrieved 5 March 2020.

References

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