China national football team

The China PR national football team (Chinese: 中国国家足球队) represents the People's Republic of China in international association football.

China PR
AssociationChinese Football Association (CFA)
ConfederationAFC (Asia)
Sub-confederationEAFF (East Asia)
Head coachLi Tie
CaptainZheng Zhi
Most capsWeifeng Li (112)
Top scorerHaidong Hao (41)
FIFA codeCHN
First colours
Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current 76 (9 April 2020)[1]
Highest37 (December 1998)
Lowest109 (March 2013)
Elo ranking
Current 90 2 (2 April 2020)[2]
Highest23 (May 1934)
Lowest92 (October 1992)
First international
 Philippines 2–1 China 
(Manila, Philippines; 4 February 1913)[3]
Biggest win
 China PR 19–0 Guam 
(Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 26 January 2000)
Biggest defeat
 Brazil 8–0 China PR 
(Recife, Brazil; 10 September 2012)
World Cup
Appearances1 (first in 2002)
Best resultGroup stage (2002)
Asian Cup
Appearances12 (first in 1976)
Best resultRunners-up (1984, 2004)

China won the EAFF East Asian Cup in 2005, 2010, were runners-up at the AFC Asian Cup in 1984, 2004 and made a sole FIFA World Cup appearance in 2002, losing all matches without scoring a goal.

History

Republic of China (1913–1949)

Chinese Olympic football team in 1936

China's first ever international representative match was arranged by Elwood Brown, president of the Philippine Athletic Association who proposed the creation of the Far Eastern Championship Games, a multi-sport event considered to be a precursor to the Asian Games.[4] He invited China to participate in the inaugural 1913 Far Eastern Championship Games held in the Philippines, which included association football within the schedule. To represent them it was decided that the winner of the football at the Chinese National Games in 1910 should have the honour to represent the country, where it was won by South China Football Club.[5]

The political unrest of the Xinhai Revolution that mired China's participation in the first tournament, especially in renaming the team as Republic of China national football team, did not stop Shanghai being awarded the 1915 Far Eastern Championship Games. Once again South China Football Club, now known as South China Athletic Association won the right to represent the nation. This time in a two legged play-off against the Philippines, China won the first game 1–0 and then drew the second 0–0 to win their first ever tournament.[6] With the games being the first and only regional football tournament for national teams outside Britain, China looked to establish themselves as a regional powerhouse by winning a total of nine championships.[7]

With these foundations in place China looked to establish themselves within the international arena and along with Japan were the first Asian sides to participate in the Football at the Summer Olympics when they competed within the 1936 Summer Olympics held in Germany. At the tournament China were knocked out within their first game at the round of 16 when they were beaten by Great Britain Olympic football team 2–0 on 6 August 1936.[8]

On 7 July 1937 the Second Sino-Japanese War officially erupted, which saw the relations between China and Japan completely eroded especially once it was announced that Japan would hold the 1938 Far Eastern Championship Games.[9] The tournament would be officially cancelled while Japan held their own tournament called the 2600th Anniversary of the Japanese Empire, which included the Japanese puppet states Manchukuo and the collaborationist National Reorganised Government of China based in occupied Nanjing. But none of the top Chinese players competed in the Japanese Empire anniversary games.[10] None of the games during the Second Sino-Japanese War are officially recognized and once the war ended on 9 September 1945 China looked to the Olympics once again for international recognition. On 2 August 1948 China competed in the Football at the 1948 Summer Olympics where they were once again knocked out in the last sixteen, this time by Turkey national football team in a 4–0 defeat.[11]

People's Republic (1950–)

Finland, who were one of the first nations to hold diplomatic relations with the newly instated People's Republic of China, invited the country to take part in the 1952 Summer Olympics. Li Fenglou would become the country's first permanent manager to lead them in the tournament, however the Chinese delegation was delayed and they missed the entire competition, nevertheless the Finland football team would still greet Li and the Chinese team with a friendly game on 4 August 1952 making it People's Republic of China's official first game, which ended in a 4–0 defeat.[12] In preparation for entering their first FIFA competition, China sent a squad to train in Hungary in 1954.[13] When they entered the 1958 FIFA World Cup qualification process China were knocked out by Indonesia.[14]

On 7 June 1958, China stopped participating within any FIFA recognised football events when FIFA officially started to recognise the Republic of China as a different country.[15] This sparked a diplomatic argument that had already seen China withdraw from the 1956 Summer Olympics for the same reasons.[16] For years the People's Republic of China would only play in friendlies with nations who recognized them as the sole heir to the China name.[14] The 1974 Asian Games reintroduced the team back into international stage while the 1976 AFC Asian Cup saw them came third.[17]

Chinese players in a match against Saudi Arabia at the 1984 AFC Asian Cup

In 1980, China participated in the 1982 FIFA World Cup qualifiers for a berth in the 1982 World Cup, but they lost a play-off game against New Zealand.[18] During the 1986 FIFA World Cup qualifiers for the 1986 World Cup, China faced Hong Kong at home in the final match of the first qualifying round on 19 May 1985 where China only needed a draw to advance. However, Hong Kong produced a 2–1 upset win which resulted in riots inside and outside the stadium in Beijing.[19] During the 1990 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, China again reached the final round. They just missed out on qualifying as they conceded two goals in the final three minutes against Qatar in their final group match.[20] During the 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifiers - when they were led by their first ever foreign manager, Klaus Schlapner - China failed to reach the final round of qualifying, coming second behind Iraq.[21]

In 1987, the first Chinese footballers moved abroad when future national team player Xie Yuxin joined FC Zwolle (Netherlands) and ex-national teamer Gu Guangming joined SV Darmstadt 98 (Germany). In 1988, national team captain Jia Xiuquan and striker Liu Haiguang both joined FK Partizan (Yugoslavia).[22][23]

After its World Cup debut in 2002, China hosted the 2004 AFC Asian Cup, ultimately fell 1–3 to Japan in a final match. The match's outcome sparked anger among Chinese supporters, who rioted in response to bad refereeing.[24]

After winning the 2005 East Asian Football Championship following a 2–0 win against North Korea,[25] they started qualification for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup. During this time, the team became the subject of immense criticism and national embarrassment in the media when they had managed to score only one goal, Shao Jiayi's penalty kick during injury time, against Singapore at home and only managed a draw with Singapore in the away game. During preparations for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup, the team spent the weeks leading up to the tournament on a tour of the United States. While the 4–1 loss to the United States was not unexpected,[26] a 1–0 loss to Major League Soccer side Real Salt Lake which finished bottom of the league in the 2007 season caused serious concern.[27][28]

During the 2007 AFC Asian Cup, the team played three group matches, winning against Malaysia, drawing with Iran after leading 2–1, and losing 3–0 to Uzbekistan. After high expectations, China's performance at the tournament drew criticism online which condemned the team's members and even the association. Zhu was later replaced as manager by Vladimir Petrović after these performances.[29] Some commented that China's reliance on foreign managers for the past decade had been an indicator of its poor domestic manager development.[30]

In April 2009, China appointed Gao Hongbo as the new manager, whose arrival saw China opt for a new strategy, turning towards ground passing tactics and adopting the 4–2–3–1 formation. It was noted that Chinese footballers had relied too heavily on the long ball tactic for almost a decade. Wei Di, the chief of the Chinese Football Association, hoped the team "can give the public a new image."[31] Gao was knocked out of the 2011 AFC Asian Cup's group stage. His winning percentage (65%), the highest for a Chinese manager since Nian Weisi (67.86%), did not defer the Chinese Football Association from replacing him with José Antonio Camacho in August 2011, less than a month before the qualification process for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

On 13 August 2011, José Antonio Camacho was appointed as the new manager of the team, signing a three-year deal for a reported annual salary of $8 million.[32] Wei Di, CFA chief, explained the last-moment coach changing decision as being part of a long-term plan to help the country catch up with the neighbours Japan and South Korea.[33]

Yu Hongchen, the vice-president of the Chinese Football Administrative Centre, also stated, "The qualifying stage of 2014 World Cup is just a temporary task for him. Even if the task is failed, Camacho will not lose the job. When we started to find a new coach for the national team, we mainly focus on European countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. First of all, they have advanced football concepts, and secondly they have a productive youth training system, which we can learn from. We hope he can help us to find a suitable style."[33]

Camacho managed a team to an 8–0 loss against Brazil on 10 September 2012 which would go on record as China's biggest ever international defeat. This massive loss also succumbed China to their worst ever FIFA ranking (109th).[34]

After Camacho, there was Alain Perrin, who was sacked for the team's poor performance at the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifiers[35], thus former coach Gao Hongbo returned to the role on 3 February 2016. Gao's first two matches and wins against Maldives and Qatar secured the team's passage to the 2019 AFC Asian Cup.

Chinese players after win against Thailand at 2019 AFC Asian Cup Round of 16

China continued their World Cup hunt by a 2–3 defeat to South Korea;[36] and a goalless draw to AFC's then highest ranked Iran at home,[37] China then lost 0–1 at home to Syria and 0–2 away to Uzbekistan. Gao Hongbo resigned. His team had been winless in the first four matches of the final qualifying stage for the World Cup, including a home loss to Syria which was criticised by a number of fans.[38]

On 22 October 2016, Italian Marcello Lippi was appointed manager of the team ahead for the last remaining matches.[39] A match saw China defeated South Korea for the first time in a FIFA-sanctioned tournament, amidst the heat of tensions over South Korea's deployment of THAAD.[40] Unable to compete with and dragged behind by Syria who managed a 2–2 draw with Iran, the team was not able to be qualified for the 2018 World Cup under Lippi's tenure, but improvements could be seen.[41]

The final stage of the 2019 AFC Asian Cup saw Lippi confirmed his departure after his team being knocked out in the quarter-finals.[42]

China had begun a series of naturalization on foreign-based players, starting with Nico Yennaris[43] and Tyias Browning, both are English-born.[44] Subsequently, Elkeson, a Brazilian player with no Chinese ancestry, was naturalized.[45]

Image

The team is colloquially termed "Team China" (Chinese: 中国队), the "National Team" (Chinese: 国家队) or "Guózú" (Chinese: 国足, short for Chinese: 国家足球队; pinyin: Guójiā Zúqiú Duì; literally: 'national football team').[46]

China's home kit is traditionally all red with a white trim while their away kit is traditionally an inverted version of the home kit, fully white with a red trim. During the 1996 AFC Asian Cup, China employed a third kit which was all blue with a white trim and was used against Saudi Arabia during the tournament.[47] The team has also started to use cooling vests in certain warmer climates.[48] After decades of having Adidas producing the team's kits, China's current kit has been produced and manufactured by Nike since 2015.

Kit supplierPeriodContract
announcement
Contract
duration
ValueNotes
Nike 2015–present
2015-01-03
2015–2026 (11 years)[49] $16 million per year[50]

Composition

Technical staff

Source[51]
Position Name
Head coach Li Tie
Technical employee Liu Zhiyu
Tong Qiang
Team Doctor Wang Shucheng
Therapists Jin Ri
Gao Jianguo
Hang Yanrui
Manager Kang Bing
Huang Song
Huang Weitao
Logistics Guo Rui
Chen Xi
Press Officer Che Hengzhi
Doctor Wang Shucheng
Administrator Zhang He
Technical director Chris Van Puyvelde

Playing squad

Latest squad: called up for the training camp to be held in United Arab Emirates and the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Maldives on 26 March 2020 and Guam on 31 March 2020.[52]
Caps and goals are correct as of 18 December 2019, after the match against  Hong Kong.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club
1GK Yan Junling (1991-01-28) 28 January 1991 29 0 Shanghai SIPG
1GK Liu Dianzuo (1990-06-26) 26 June 1990 3 0 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao
1GK Dong Chunyu (1991-03-25) 25 March 1991 0 0 Wuhan Zall

2DF Zhang Linpeng (1989-05-09) 9 May 1989 79 5 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao
2DF Yu Dabao (1988-04-17) 17 April 1988 60 19 Beijing Sinobo Guoan
2DF Jiang Zhipeng (1989-03-06) 6 March 1989 26 0 Hebei China Fortune
2DF Gao Zhunyi (1995-08-21) 21 August 1995 8 0 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao
2DF Li Ang (1993-09-15) 15 September 1993 5 0 Jiangsu Suning
2DF Li Lei (1992-05-30) 30 May 1992 4 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan
2DF Tang Miao (1990-10-16) 16 October 1990 3 0 Guangzhou R&F
2DF Ming Tian (1995-04-08) 8 April 1995 2 0 Wuhan Zall

3MF Hao Junmin (1987-03-24) 24 March 1987 80 12 Shandong Luneng Taishan
3MF Wu Xi (1989-02-19) 19 February 1989 68 7 Jiangsu Suning
3MF Zhang Xizhe (1991-01-23) 23 January 1991 30 6 Beijing Sinobo Guoan
3MF Chi Zhongguo (1989-10-26) 26 October 1989 17 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan
3MF Jin Jingdao (1992-01-18) 18 January 1992 11 0 Shandong Luneng Taishan
3MF Liu Binbin (1993-06-16) 16 June 1993 4 0 Shandong Luneng Taishan
3MF Feng Jin (1993-08-14) 14 August 1993 3 0 Chongqing Dangdai Lifan
3MF Li Hang (1989-09-19) 19 September 1989 3 0 Wuhan Zall
3MF Liu Yun (1995-01-07) 7 January 1995 0 0 Wuhan Zall
3MF Xu Xin (1994-04-19) 19 April 1994 0 0 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao

4FW Wu Lei (1991-11-19) 19 November 1991 67 18 Espanyol
4FW Yang Xu (1988-02-12) 12 February 1988 54 28 Tianjin Tianhai
4FW Dong Xuesheng (1989-05-22) 22 May 1989 8 1 Hebei China Fortune
4FW Tan Long (1988-04-01) 1 April 1988 6 0 Changchun Yatai
4FW Ai Kesen (1989-07-13) 13 July 1989 4 3 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao

Call-ups: made of others within the last 12 months.

Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up
GK Zou Dehai (1993-02-27) 27 February 1993 0 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
GK Wu Yan (1989-01-07) 7 January 1989 0 0 Henan Jianye Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
GK Zeng Cheng (1987-01-08) 8 January 1987 42 0 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
GK Wang Dalei (1989-01-10) 10 January 1989 27 0 Shandong Luneng Taishan v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
GK Zhang Lu (1987-09-06) 6 September 1987 0 0 Tianjin Tianhai v.  Maldives, 10 September 2019

DF Mei Fang (1989-11-14) 14 November 1989 24 1 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
DF Wang Shenchao (1989-02-08) 8 February 1989 8 0 Shanghai SIPG 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
DF Yang Fan (1996-03-28) 28 March 1996 1 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
DF Yu Yang (1989-08-06) 6 August 1989 14 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
DF Shi Ke (1993-01-08) 8 January 1993 9 0 Shanghai SIPG Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
DF Jin Yangyang (1993-02-03) 3 February 1993 0 0 Hebei China Fortune Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
DF Zhao Honglüe (1989-12-04) 4 December 1989 0 0 Tianjin TEDA Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
DF Zheng Zheng (1989-07-11) 11 July 1989 19 2 Shandong Luneng Taishan v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
DF Liu Yang (1995-06-17) 17 June 1995 11 0 Shandong Luneng Taishan v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
DF Wang Gang (1989-02-17) 17 February 1989 8 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
DF Zhu Chenjie (2000-08-23) 23 August 2000 6 0 Shanghai Greenland Shenhua v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
DF Li Shuai (1995-06-18) 18 June 1995 1 0 Dalian Professional v.  Philippines, 15 October 2019
DF He Guan (1993-01-25) 25 January 1993 6 0 Shanghai SIPG v.  Maldives, 10 September 2019
DF Abduhamit Abdugheni (1998-03-10) 10 March 1998 0 0 Jiangsu Suning 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE
DF Han Xuan (1991-02-02) 2 February 1991 0 0 Henan Jianye 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE
DF Liao Junjian (1994-01-27) 27 January 1994 0 0 Wuhan Zall 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE

MF Wang Shangyuan (1993-06-02) 2 June 1993 2 0 Henan Jianye 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
MF Cao Yunding (1989-11-22) 22 November 1989 5 0 Shanghai Greenland Shenhua 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
MF Ji Xiang (1990-03-01) 1 March 1990 10 1 Jiangsu Suning 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
MF Mirahmetjan Muzepper (1991-01-14) 14 January 1991 9 0 Tianjin TEDA 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
MF Cai Huikang (1989-10-10) 10 October 1989 22 0 Shanghai SIPG 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
MF Li Shenglong (1992-07-30) 30 July 1992 0 0 Shanghai SIPG Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
MF Zheng Kaimu (1992-01-28) 28 January 1992 0 0 Tianjin TEDA Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
MF Wu Xinghan (1993-02-24) 24 February 1993 0 0 Shandong Luneng Taishan Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
MF Zheng Zhi (1980-08-20) 20 August 1980 108 15 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
MF Li Ke (1993-05-24) 24 May 1993 5 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan v.  Syria, 14 November 2019
MF Yao Junsheng (1995-10-29) 29 October 1995 1 0 Tianjin Tianhai v.  Philippines, 15 October 2019
MF Huang Bowen (1987-07-13) 13 July 1987 44 3 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE
MF Tao Qianglong (2001-11-20) 20 November 2001 0 0 Hebei China Fortune 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE
MF Wang Qiuming (1993-01-09) 9 January 1993 0 0 Hebei China Fortune 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification PRE

FW Wei Shihao (1995-04-08) 8 April 1995 14 2 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
FW Wang Ziming (1996-08-05) 5 August 1996 2 0 Beijing Sinobo Guoan 2019 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
FW Lü Wenjun (1989-03-11) 11 March 1989 0 0 Shanghai SIPG Wuhan Training Camp, November 2019
FW Xie Pengfei (1993-06-29) 29 June 1993 5 0 Jiangsu Suning v.  Philippines, 15 October 2019
FW Yang Liyu (1997-02-13) 13 February 1997 4 0 Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao v.  Philippines, 15 October 2019
FW Zhang Yuning (1997-01-05) 5 January 1997 10 2 Beijing Sinobo Guoan v.  Tajikistan, 11 June 2019

Notes:

  • SUS Suspended
  • INJ Withdrew due to injury
  • PRE Preliminary/Standby

Individual statistics

Players

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