Viceroy of Min-Zhe

The Viceroy of Min-Zhe, fully referred to in Chinese as the Governor-General of Taiwan, Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces and Surrounding Areas Overseeing Military Affairs and Food Production, Manager of Waterways, Director of Civil Affairs, was one of eight Viceroys in China proper during the Qing dynasty. The "Zhe" refers to Zhejiang Province while "Min" is the abbreviation of Fujian Province. Taiwan was also under the Viceroy's control until after the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki.

Map of viceroys in Qing Dynasty of China
Viceroy of Min-Zhe
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese閩浙總督
Simplified Chinese闽浙总督
Governor-General of Taiwan, Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces and Surrounding Areas Overseeing Military Affairs and Food Production, Manager of Waterways, Director of Civil Affairs
(full title)
Traditional Chinese總督台灣福建浙江等處地方,提督軍務、糧餉、管理河道兼巡撫事
Simplified Chinese总督台湾福建浙江等处地方,提督军务、粮饷、管理河道兼巡抚事
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡶᡠᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ
ᠵᡝᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩ ᠨᡳ
ᡠᡥᡝᡵᡳ
ᡴᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ
ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ
Romanizationfugiyan jegiyang ni uheri kadalara amban

History

The office of Viceroy of Min-Zhe was created under the name "Viceroy of Zhe-Min" in 1645 during the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor. At the time of its creation, its headquarters were in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. In 1648, the headquarters shifted to Quzhou, Zhejiang Province. About 10 years later, the office split into the Viceroy of Fujian and Viceroy of Zhejiang, which were respectively based in Zhangzhou and Wenzhou.

In 1672, during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, the office of the Viceroy of Fujian shifted from Zhangzhou back to Fuzhou. In 1687, the Viceroy of Fujian was renamed "Viceroy of Min-Zhe".

In 1727, the Yongzheng Emperor specially appointed Li Wei as Viceroy of Zhejiang. The Viceroy of Min-Zhe, on the other hand, was in charge of only Fujian. The two offices were merged under "Viceroy of Min-Zhe" in 1734.

In 1736, the Qianlong Emperor restored the earlier system by appointing Ji Zengyun (嵇曾筠) as the Viceroy of Zhejiang, managing only Zhejiang. Hao Yulin (郝玉麟), the Viceroy of Min-Zhe, was in charge of only Fujian. These changes were reversed in 1738 after the Qianlong Emperor recalled Ji Zengyun back to the imperial capital, leaving Hao Yulin in charge of both Zhejiang and Fujian.

In 1885, during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor, the office of Provincial Governor of Fujian was merged into the office of the Viceroy of Min-Zhe.

In 1911, the last Viceroy of Minzhe Songshou was overthrown and killed by soldiers in mutiny during the Xinhai revolution.

List of Viceroys of Min-Zhe

#NamePortraitStart of termEnd of termNotes
Viceroy of Zhe-Min
(1645–1658)
1Zhang Cunren
張存仁
16451647
2Chen Jin
陳錦
16471652
3Liu Qingtai
劉清泰
16521654
4Tuntai
屯泰
16541656
5Li Shuaitai
李率泰
16561658
Viceroy of Zhejiang
(1658–1687)
6Zhao Guozuo
趙國祚
16581661
7Zhao Tingchen
趙廷臣
16611669
8Liu Zhaoqi
劉兆麒
16691673
9Li Zhifang
李之芳
16731682
10Shi Weihan
施維翰
16821683
11Wang Guo'an
王國安
16841684
Viceroy of Fujian
(1658–1687)
6Li Shuaitai
李率泰
16581664
7Zhu Changzuo
朱昌祚
16641665
8Zhang Chaolin
張朝璘
16661667
9Zu Zepu
祖澤溥
16671669
10Liu Dou
劉斗
16701672
11Fan Chengmo
范承謨
16721674
12Lang Tingzuo
郎廷佐
16741676
13Lang Tingxiang
郎廷相
16761678
14Yao Qisheng
姚啟聖
16781683
15Shi Weihan
施維翰
16831684
16Wang Guo'an
王國安
16841687
Viceroy of Min-Zhe
(1687–1911)
17Wang Xinming
王新命
16871688
18Wang Zhi
王騭
16881689
19Xing Yongchao
興永朝
16891692
20Zhu Hongzuo
朱宏祚
16921695
21Guo Shilong
郭世隆
16951702
22Jin Shirong
金世榮
17021706
23Liang Nai
梁鼐
17061710
24Fan Shichong
范時崇
17101715
25Gioro-Mamboo
覺羅滿保
17151725
26Gao Qizhuo
高其倬
17251729
27Shi Yizhi
史貽直
17291730
28Gao Qizhuo
高其倬
17301730
29Liu Shiming
劉世明
17301732
30Hao Yulin
郝玉麟
17321739
Viceroy of Zhejiang
(1727–1734, 1736–1738)
(coexisted with the Viceroy of Min-Zhe)
Li Wei
李衛
17271732
Cheng Yuanzhang
程元章
17321734
Ji Zengyun
嵇曾筠
17361738
Viceroy of Min-Zhe
(1687–1911)
31Depei
德沛
17391742
32Nasutu
那蘇圖
17421744
33Martai
馬爾泰
17441746
34Ka'erjishan
喀爾吉善
17461757
35Yang Yingju
楊應琚
17571759
36Yang Tingzhang
楊廷璋
17591764
37Suchang
蘇昌
17641768
38Cui Yingjie
崔應階
17681770
39Zhongyin
鍾音
17701778
40Yang Jingsu
楊景素
17781779
41Sanbao
三寶
17791780
42Fuming'an
富明安
17801781
43Chen Huizu
陳輝祖
17811782
44Fulehun
富勒渾
17821785
45Yade
雅德
17851786
46Fugang
富綱
17861786
47Changqing
常青
17861787
48Li Shiyao
李侍堯
17871788
49Fuk'anggan
福康安
17881789
50Ulana
伍拉納
17891795
51Fuk'anggan
福康安
17951796
52Kuilun
魁倫
17961799
53Shulin
書麟
17991799
54Gioro-Changlin
覺羅長麟
17991800
55Yude
玉德
18001806
56Alinbao
阿林保
18061809
57Fang Weidian
方維甸
18091810
58Wang Zhiyi
汪志伊
18101817
59Dong Jiaozeng
董教增
18171820
60Qingbao
慶保
18201822
61Zhao Shenzhen
趙慎畛
18221825
62Sun Erzhun
孫爾准
18251832
63Cheng Zuluo
程祖洛
18321836
64Zhong Xiang
鍾祥
18361839
65Zhou Tianjue
周天爵
18391839
66Guiliang
桂良
18391839
67Deng Tingzhen
鄧廷楨
18391840
68Yan Botao
顏伯燾
18401841
69Yang Guozhen
楊國楨
18411842
70Yiliang
怡良
18421843
71Liu Yunke
劉韻珂
18431850
72Yutai
裕泰
18501851
73Ji Zhichang
季芝昌
18511852
74Wu Wenrong
吳文鎔
18521853
75Huicheng
慧成
18531853
76Wang Yide
王懿德
18541859
77Qingrui
慶端
18591862
78Qiling
耆齡
18621863
79Zuo Zongtang
左宗棠
18631866
80Wu Tang
吳棠
18661867
81Ma Xinyi
馬新貽
18671868
82Yinggui
英桂
18681871
83Zhang Zhiwan
張之萬
18711871
84Li Henian
李鶴年
18711876
85Wenyu
文煜
18761876
86He Jing
何璟
18761884
87Yang Changjun
楊昌濬
18841888
88Bian Baodi
卞寶第
18881892
89Tan Zhonglin
譚鍾麟
18921894
90Bian Baoquan
邊寶泉
18941898
91Xu Yingkui
許應騤
18981903
92Xiliang
錫良
19031903
93Li Xingrui
李興銳
19031904
94Wei Guangtao
魏光燾
19041905
95Shengyun
升允
19051905
96Songfan
嵩蕃
19051905
97Duanfang
端方
19051906
98Zhou Fu
周馥
19061906
99Ding Zhenduo
丁振鐸
19061907
100Songshou
松壽
19071911

References

    • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).
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