Turks in Poland

Turks in Poland are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Poland who form one of the country's smaller minority groups.

Turks in Poland
Total population
2,000–4,200[1]
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Religion
Islam
A Turkish Kebab shop in Łódź

History

The emigration of Turkic Tatars from the Golden Horde to Poland started at the end 14th century and lasted through the 17th. A final wave of Tatars, this time fleeing the Bolsheviks, migrated to Poland in the period after the October Revolution of 1917.[2] Since the 14th century, these immigrants have been known as Lipka Tatars, from the old Crimean Tatar name of Lithuania and, despite holding on to their shamanistic--and later Islamic--religion, they have always been accepted by Polish and Lithuanian people among whom they settled.

According to some estimates, by 1590–1591 there were about 200,000 [3] Lipka Tatars living in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. As of 2011, 1,916 remained in Poland[4] and another 10,000 lived in neighboring Lithuania[5] and Belarus.[6]

In the modern era, Turks from Turkey have emigrated to Poland, although there is little coherent statistical data regarding their numbers. The majority of these Turks live in Warsaw and Łódź but there are also Turkish communities in Gdańsk, Poznań, Krakow, and Wroclaw and students in small cities like Lublin or Krosno.[7][8]

Many Turks in Poland are entrepreneurs and investors.[7]

Naturalization
Naturalization of Turkish citizens:[9]
Year 199819992000200120022003200420052006
Persons 8841515111936

Notable people

Bibliography
  • Koryś, Izabela; Żuchaj, Olimpia (2000), Turkish Migratory Flows To Poland: General Description, Institute for Social Studies University of Warsaw.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2008), International Migration Outlook: SOPEMI 2008, OECD Publishing, ISBN 92-64-04565-1.
  • United Nations Human Settlements Programme (2004), The State of The World's Cities 2004/2005: Globalization and Urban Culture, Earthscan, ISBN 1-84407-160-X.

References
  1. Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "Turkey's Political Relations with Poland". Archived from the original on 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
  2. Selim Mirza-Juszeński Chazbijewicz, "Szlachta tatarska w Rzeczypospolitej" (Tartar Nobility in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), Verbum Nobile no 2 (1993), Sopot, Poland, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 January 2006. Retrieved 2006-02-23.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. Olson, James (1994). An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. p. 450. ISBN 0-313-27497-5.
  4. "Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna - NSP 2011" (PDF) (in Polish).
  5. "M3010215: Population at the beginning of the year by ethnicity". Data of 2011 Population Census. Lietuvos statistikos departamentas. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  6. "Перепись-2009". Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  7. United Nations Human Settlements Programme 2004, 95.
  8. Pędziwiatr, K. (2014) Turkish Community in Poland: from Textile Vendors to Top Managers. In: Kujawa, K., eds Polish-Turkish Foreign Policy: 600 Years of Bilateral Relations”, Çanakkale University Publishing House
  9. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008, 361.
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