Timeline of Liverpool
Prior to 18th century
- 1207 Liverpool founded by King John.[1]
- Market active.[2]
- 1292 – John De More becomes mayor.
- 1298 – Liverpool fair active.[2]
- 1349 - The Black Death Plague hits Liverpool.[3]
- 1598 – Speke Hall (house) built.
- 1662 – Population: 775.[4]
- 1644 – Town besieged by forces of Prince Rupert of the Rhine.[5]
- 1674 – Town Hall rebuilt.[4]
- 1700
- Liverpool Merchant slave ship begins operating.[6]
- Population: 5,714.[4]
18th century
- 1702 – Croxteth Hall (house) built.
- 1704 – Woolton Hall (house) built.
- 1708 – Blue Coat School founded.[4]
- 1717 – Bluecoat Chambers built.
- 1718 – Blue Coat hospital opens.[7]
- 1720 – Population: 10,446.[8]
- 1722 – Ranelagh Gardens open.
- 1724 - George Stubbs born.
- 1726 - Liverpool Castle demolished.
- Ye Hole in Ye Wall pub on Hackins Hey opens..[9]
- 1749 – Royal Infirmary opens.[7]
- 1753 – Salthouse Dock opens.[5]
- 1754 – Liverpool Town Hall built.[7]
- 1756 – Liverpool Advertiser newspaper begins publication.[10]
- 1758 – Circulating library established.[11]
- 1766 - City directory published.[12]
- 1770s - Scotland Road laid out.
- 1771
- Bidston lighthouse built.[5]
- George's Dock opens.
- 1772 – Theatre built.[4]
- 1779 – Medical Library founded.[4]
- 1784 - Liverpool Musical Festival begins.[13]
- 1785 - Liverpool Georgian Quarter constructed.
- 1788 – St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church built.
- 1790
- Lime Street laid out.
- Consulate of the United States, Liverpool established.
- 1791 – School for the Blind founded.[4]
- 1792 – Trinity Church consecrated
- 1797 – Liverpool Athenaeum founded.
19th century
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Expansions of Liverpool boundaries in 1835, 1895, 1902, 1905 and 1913
1800s-1840s
Map of Liverpool, 1836
- 1801 – Population: 77,653.[8]
- 1802 – Liverpool Library founded.[14]
- 1803 – Botanical Gardens open.[15]
- 1805 - Extension to Liverpool Town Hall completed providing Main Ballroom and Council Chamber
- 1807 – Liverpool Cricket Club formed.
- The African slave trade was outlawed by the United States and the United Kingdom.
- 1809 – Exchange Buildings constructed.[4]
- 1810 – Borough Gaol built.[4]
- Williamson Tunnels started.
- 1812 – Literary and Philosophical Society founded.
- 1815 – Manchester Dock built.
- 1816 – Leeds and Liverpool Canal constructed.[4]
- 1817 – Liverpool Royal Institution established.[7][16]
- 1819 - SS Savannah completes first steamship transatlantic sailing.
- 1822 – Apprentices' Library founded.[4]
- The old St John's Market was designed by John Foster Junior and built.
- 1823 – Marine Humane Society founded.[15]
- 1825 – Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts[4] and Philomathic Society[10] established.
- 1826 – St James Cemetery laid out.
- Old Dock closed.
- 1827 – Law Society established.[10]
- 1828 – Borough Sessions House built.[4]
- 1829 – Canning Dock opens.[17]
- 1830
- Opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway begins operating.[4][18]
- Wapping Tunnel opened.
- Liver Theatre active.[19]
- 1831 – Population: 165,175.[4]
- 1832
- Church of St Luke built.
- John Swire and Sons in business.[16]
- 1833 – Zoological gardens open.[10]
- 1835 – City boundaries expand.[7]
- 1835 - First elected Town Council replaces Common Council.
- 1836
- The Liverpool Stock Exchange was founded known as 'The Liverpool Sharebrokers' Association'
- Liverpool Anti-Slavery Society active (approximate date).
- Literary, Scientific and Commercial Institution[4] and Liverpool Town Borough Police established.
- Liverpool Lime Street railway station opens to the public.
- 1837 – Liverpool Chess Club formed.[20]
- 1838 – Brougham Institute[4] and Polytechnic Society established.[10]
- 1839
- 1840
- 1842
- St. Francis Xavier's College established.[21]
- Robertson Gladstone becomes mayor.
- 1843 – Princes Park laid out.[7]
- 1844
- Canning Half Tide Dock opens.[17]
- Royal Mersey Yacht Club established.
- 1845 – Liverpool Observatory built.[10]
- 1846 – Albert Dock opens.[23]
- 1848
- Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway opened.
- Liverpool Financial Reform Association; Architectural and Archaeological Society;[10][24] and Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire formed.[10]
- Cope Bros & Co in business.
- Church of Saint Francis Xavier consecrated.
- 1849 – Philharmonic Hall opens.
- Victoria Tunnel (Liverpool) and Waterloo Tunnel opened connecting Edge Hill railway station to Liverpool Riverside railway station.
1850s-1890s
- 1850 – Catholic Institute established.[21]
- 1851
- Derby Museum opens.
- Balfour Williamson in business.
- Collins Line SS Baltic (1850) sails Liverpool-New York in under ten days breaking transatlantic record.
- 1852
- African Steamship Company in business.
- Liverpool Free Public Library[25] and sailors' home[7] open.
- Hebrews' Educational Institution founded.[10]
- A quarter of the city's population is Irish, a legacy of the Great Irish Famine.
- 1854 – St George's Hall built.[7]
- 1855
- February: Economic unrest.[15]
- Liverpool Daily Post begins publication.
- 1856 – Lewis's shop in business.
- 1857 – Mersey Docks & Harbour Board established.[26]
- 1859 – Thomas Royden & Sons in business.
- 1860 – William Brown Library and Museum building opens.[25]
- 1862 – Grand Olympic Festival begins.
- 1863 – Liverpool Amateur Photographic Association founded.[27]
- 1864 – Garston and Liverpool Railway opened.
- Oriel Chambers built.
- 1866 – Star Music Hall opens.
- 1867 – Alliance Israélite Universelle branch founded.[28]
- 1868
- Elder Dempster and Company in business.
- Newsham Park opens.
- Owen Owen opens his drapery business.
- 1869
- West Coast Main Line connecting Liverpool to London bypassing Manchester completed.
- The Conservative local authority builds the first council housing in Europe, St Martin's Cottages (tenement flats) in Ashfield Street, Vauxhall.[29]
- Fowler's Buildings constructed.
- Liverpool Tramways Company opened.
- 1870
- Stanley Park opens.
- Greek Orthodox Church of St Nicholas built.
- Incorporated Society of Liverpool Accountants formed.
- 1871 – North Western Hotel built.
- 1872
- Sefton Park opens.[7]
- Midland Railway Goods Warehouse built.
- 1873
- 1874
- Liverpool Central railway station opens.
- Liverpool Institute High School for Girls established.
- Princes Road Synagogue consecrated.
- 1877 – Walker Art Gallery opens.
- 1878 Everton football club founded
- 1879
- Picton Reading Room built.[25]
- Liverpool Echo newspaper begins publication.[30]
- Salvation Army active.[31]
- North Liverpool Extension Line outer rail loop opens.
- 1880
- Liverpool attains city status.
- Aigburth Cricket Ground built.
- 1881 – University College Liverpool chartered.[7]
- Liverpool Central High Level railway station introduced 40 minute journey services to Manchester Central.
- 1884
- Anfield (athletic space) opens.[32]
- County Sessions House, Gustav Adolf Church, and Picton Clock Tower built.
- Everton Road drill hall completed.[33]
- 1886
- Mersey Railway Tunnel opens;[7] Mersey Railway (Birkenhead-Liverpool) begins operating.
- Liverpool and Birkenhead Women's Peace and Arbitration Association organized.[34]
- 1887 – Liverpool Muslim Institute founded.
- 1888 – Shakespeare Theatre opens.[19]
- 1889 – Liverpool removed from Lancashire as Lancashire County Palatine replaced.
- Florence Institute for Boys established in Dingle.
- 1890
- Liverpool and North Wales Steamship Company began operating.
- Liverpool Union of Girls' Clubs formed.[35]
- Bowes Museum of Japanese Art Work opens.[36]
- 1892
- Goodison Park (athletic field) inaugurated.
- Victoria Building, University of Liverpool constructed.
- Robert Durning Holt becomes mayor.
- Liverpool Football Club formed.
- 1893 – Liverpool Overhead Railway begins operating.
- 1895 – City boundaries expand to include West Derby and others.[7]
- 1897 – Gregson Memorial Institute built.[16]
- 1898
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine founded.[16]
- White Star Building constructed.
- Liverpool Tramways Company closed.
- 1899 – Liverpool University Press founded.
- 1899-1900 - George's Dock closed and filled in.
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901 – Population: 684,958.[7]
- 1902
- 1904 Foundation stone of the Anglican Cathedral is laid by King Edward VII.
- 1906 – Liverpool Cotton Exchange Building constructed.
- 1907
- August: 700th anniversary of city founding.[38]
- Dock Office built.[39]
- 1908 – Meccano Ltd in business.
- 1909 – June: Catholic-Protestant conflict.[40]
- the world’s first Department of Civic Design, which later spawned the town planning movement, was set up at the University of Liverpool
- 1911
- 1911 Liverpool general transport strike.
- Royal Liver Building constructed.
- Rodewald Concert Society founded.
- 1912 – Lime Street Picture House opens.[41]
- 1913 – Crane's Music Hall opens.
- 1914 – Adelphi Hotel opens.
- 1917
- Cunard Building constructed.[16]
- Liverpool Commercial Reference Library opens.[42]
- 1919 – Racial conflict.[43]
- Cunard's luxury liner services moved to Southampton.
- 1922 – African Churches Mission, and African and West Indian Mission organized.[44]
- 1924-1932 - India Buildings is built.
- 1925 – Empire Theatre opens.
- 1927 - A5058 road Queens Drive inner ring road completed.
- Woolton Picture House oldest extant cinema in Liverpool opens.
- 1930 – Speke Airport begins operating.
- 1931 – Population 855,688.[45] This is the peak size of Liverpool's population.
- 1934 – Queensway Tunnel, Walton Hall Park and the first intercity highway in the UK - the A580 road/East Lancs Road and Paramount Theatre[41] open.
- 1938 - Liverpool Zoological Park closed.
- 1940 – August: Aerial bombing by German forces begins.
- 1942 – January: Aerial bombing by German forces ends.
- 1944 – Merseyside Unity Theatre active.
- 1948 - Canada Dock Branch closed to passengers.
- 1949 – 19 March: Cameo murder.
1950s-1990s
Merseyrail electrification
- 1951 - Ditton dodger train service withdrawn.
- 1952 – City twinned with Cologne, Germany.
- 1953 – Liverpool Muslim Society founded.
- 1955 - Stirling Moss wins the British Grand Prix at Aintree
- 1956 - Liverpool Overhead Railway Metro and fourteen stations closed amid protest.
- 1957
- Liverpool Corporation Tramways closed after last tram runs in Liverpool, 88 years after the first.
- The Cavern Club opens as a jazz club.
- The Quarrymen, a skiffle group which is the predecessor of The Beatles, play their first gigs and Paul McCartney joins them.
- 1958 - Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral crypt completed. Lutyens Cathedral design abandoned.
- 1960 – The Beatles pop group first performs under this name, initially as The Beatals.
- 1961 – Mersey Beat begins publication.
- 1962 - Liverpool and North Wales Steamship Company ceases operations.
- 1964 – Everyman Theatre founded.
- St. John's Market demolished.
- Sheil Park, three 22 storey towers (containing 516 flats) approved and later built.
- 1965 - Shankland Plan including Churchill Way flyovers and 'walkways in the sky' published by Council Planner Graeme Shankland.[46]
- 1966 - 24 hours a day, 7 days a week operation and new runway 09/28 suitable for jet aircraft at Liverpool Airport opened by Prince Philip.
- 1967
- The Mersey Sound anthology of Liverpool poets published.[47]
- Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral built.
- Liverpool Cotton Exchange Building partially demolished.
- 1968 – Merseyside Passenger Transport Executive established.
- RMS Franconia, Cunard Line’s last scheduled voyage from Liverpool on January 30, 1968[48].
- 1969
- Radio City Tower built.
- St. John's Shopping Centre and Clayton Square Shopping Centre in business.
- Garston extension line closed.
- 1970 – Harrison Barnard & Co. headquartered in city.
- 1970 - Flyovers opened on Churchill Way.
- 1971 - Ferry service to New Brighton withdrawn.
- 1971 – Kingsway Tunnel opens.
- 1972 – Albert Dock closed. Seaforth Dock opens near city in the area of Seaforth, Lancashire.
- North Liverpool Extension Line closed after a century's operation and track lifted.
- Waterloo Tunnel/ Victoria Tunnel (Liverpool) (serving Waterloo branch from Edge Hill railway station to Liverpool Riverside railway station) and Wapping Tunnel closed, 123 years after opening.
- Liverpool Central High Level railway station closed.
- Canadian Pacific unit CP Ships were the last transatlantic line to operate from Liverpool.
- 1973 - Prince's Landing Stage at Pier Head demolished.
- 1974
- City becomes a metropolitan borough within the newly created metropolitan county of Merseyside; Merseyside County Council established.
- Post & Echo Building and New Hall Place constructed.
- Al-Rahma Mosque established.
- M57 motorway outer ring road completed and opened.
- 1976 - M62 motorway junctions 4 to 6 (Tarbock) connecting Leeds and Manchester to Liverpool completed and opened.[49]
- 1977 - Merseyrail formed and Liverpool Exchange railway station closed after 127 years and partially turned into a car park. Moorfields railway station opened on new loop Wirral line to replace Exchange. Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway branch line severed with buffer at Kirkby ending through trains to Manchester.
- 1978 – Construction of the Anglican Cathedral is completed.
- 1980 – Merseyside Maritime Museum opens.[50]
- 1981 – July: Toxteth riots.[51] Chancellor Sir Geoffrey Howe circulates a cabinet memo arguing for "managed decline".
- 1982 - Mersey Television formed.
- 1983 - Militant in Liverpool win control of the council.
- 1984 – Albert Dock reopened. International Garden Festival held.
- 1985 - Militant in Liverpool set illegal council budget.
- Liverpool trading floor finally ceased to exist in May 1985.
- 1986 - Liverpool Airport Southern Terminal opens.
- 1987 - Gerard Gardens closed.[52]
- Brookside began broadcast.
- 1988 – Tate Liverpool (modern art museum) opens in the Albert Dock.
- 1989 – 15 April: Hillsborough disaster: 96 Liverpool F.C. supporters are killed as the result of a crush at a Sheffield stadium.
- 1991 – Population: 452,450 residents.[53]
- 1992
- Cream (nightclub) begins.
- Africa Oyé music festival begins.
- Liverpool Community College established.
- 1993
- Museum of Liverpool Life opens.
- Liverpool Mathew Street Music Festival begins.[54]
- 1995 – Liverpool dockers' strike begins.[55]
- 1996 – Festival Gardens closes. National Conservation Centre opens.
- 1998 – Mike Storey becomes Liverpool City Council leader.
- 1999 – Liverpool Biennial begins.
21st century
- 2001 – Liverpool Wall of Fame unveiled.
- Merseytram proposed.
- 2002 - Liverpool International Tennis Tournament began.
- 2003 - Brookside ceased broadcast.
- 2004
- Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City registered with UNESCO.
- Liverpool Culture Company formed.
- Homotopia (festival) begins.
- 2006 – Liverpool Urban Area established.
- Liverpool Science Park and Royal Standard art gallery established.[56]
- 2007
- Liverpool Cruise Terminal opens.
- International Slavery Museum opens.
- West Tower built.
- Liverpool Shakespeare Festival begins.
- David Moores sold Liverpool F.C. to Tom Hicks and George N. Gillett Jr..
- 2008
- City designated a European Capital of Culture.
- Echo Arena Liverpool, BT Convention Centre, and Liverpool One open.
- One Park West and Alexandra Tower built.
- A.F.C. Liverpool formed in response to the transfer of ownership of Liverpool F.C..
- 2010 – National Oceanography Centre established.
- 2011 – Museum of Liverpool opens.
- 2010-2012 - Edge Lane widened.
- 2012 – Mayor of Liverpool established and Joe Anderson becomes mayor.[57]
- 2012 - Ocean Countess sets sail starting from Liverpool Cruise Terminal.
- 2013 – 19 December: Liverpool Post last published.
- Merseytram cancelled.
- Yellow Duckmarine sinks in Salthouse Dock and ceases operations.
- Cunard Line resume cruising from Liverpool with Queen Mary 2, the largest ocean liner ever built.
- 2014 - Combined authority established.
- Liverpool TV launched.
- 2016 - Liverpool2 container shipping port opened.
- 2017 - Metro Mayor of the Liverpool City Region established.
- Royal Institute of British Architects’ National Architecture Centre opened.
- 2019 - Flyovers on Churchill way closed.
- First black Lord Mayor Anna Rothery appointed.
- 2020 - Coronavirus outbreak hits hard
References
- http://historyofliverpool.com/liverpool-king-john-charter-1207-text/
- Samantha Letters (2005), "Lancashire", Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516, Institute of Historical Research, Centre for Metropolitan History
- http://historyofliverpool.com/liverpool-black-death-plague/
- Edwin Butterworth (1841). "Liverpool". Statistical Sketch of the County Palatine of Lancaster. London: Longman & Co.
- "Annals of Liverpool", The Stranger in Liverpool: or, An historical and descriptive view of the town of Liverpool and its environs (10th ed.), Liverpool: Thomas Kaye, 1833, hdl:2027/wu.89032309627
- "Liverpool Slave Trade." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Ed. William A. Darity, Jr. 2nd ed. Vol. 4. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2008. 468-469. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 1 Oct. 2013
- "Liverpool", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Liverpool". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/mdp.39015068380875.
- Bona, Emilia (8 October 2017). "You might be surprised at when this Liverpool pub started letting women in". liverpoolecho.
- Edward Baines (1870). John Harland (ed.). History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster. 2. London: Routledge.
- "Circulating Libraries", All the Year Round (282), 26 May 1894
- A. V. Williams (1913). Development and Growth of City Directories. Cincinnati, USA.
- Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co.
- Catalogue of the Liverpool Library, at the Lyceum. 1814.
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Liverpool", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- University Library. "Collection Descriptions". Special Collections & Archives. University of Liverpool. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- William Farrer, J. Brownbill, ed. (1911), "Liverpool: the Docks", A History of the County of Lancaster, 4, retrieved 2 September 2013
- William Toone (1835). Chronological Historian. 2 (2nd ed.). London: J. Dowding.
- R.J. Broadbent (1908), Annals of the Liverpool Stage, Liverpool: E. Howell, OL 13499031M
- Liverpool Chess Club: a Short Sketch of the Club, 1893
- Michael E. Sadler (1904), Report on Secondary Education in Liverpool, London
- "Cunard Steam-Ship Company", New York Times, 25 July 1880
- Edward Baines (1893). "Liverpool Parish". In John Harland (ed.). History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster. 5.
- "About the LAS". Liverpool Architectural Society. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- Cowell, Peter (1903). Liverpool Public Libraries: a History of Fifty years. Liverpool: Free Public Library. OCLC 4319003. OL 7062709M.
- Jarvis, Adrian (1994). "The Port of Liverpool and the shipowners in the late 19th century". The Great Circle. Australian Association for Maritime History. 16. JSTOR 41562879.
- "Photographic Societies of the British Isles and Colonies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1891
- "History of the Liverpool Jewish Community", Jewish World, London, August 1877
- "Municipal Housing in Liverpool before 1914: the 'first council houses in Europe'". Municipal Dreams. 2013-10-08. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
- "Liverpool", Willing's Press Guide, London: James Willing, Jr., 1904
- Norman H. Murdoch (1992). "Salvation Army Disturbances in Liverpool, England, 1879–1887". Journal of Social History. 25 (3): 575–593. doi:10.1353/jsh/25.3.575. JSTOR 3789029.
- "Anfield: Timeline of Liverpool's famous home". The Independent. 15 October 2012. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- "Liverpool and Merseyside remembered". Anthony Hogan. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
- Sandi E. Cooper (1991). "Peace Societies". Patriotic Pacifism: Waging War on War in Europe, 1815-1914. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-536343-2.
- Emma Latham (2000). "The Liverpool Boys' Association and the Liverpool Union of Youth Clubs: Youth Organizations and Gender, 1940-70". Journal of Contemporary History. 35 (3): 423–437. doi:10.1177/002200940003500306. JSTOR 261029.
- James Lord Bowes (1894), Handbook to the Bowes Museum of Japanese Art-Work, Streatlam Towers, Liverpool, OCLC 27521645, OL 20455863M
- "Liverpool (England) Newspapers". Main Catalogue. British Library. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- Liverpool's 700th Anniversary Celebrations: Words and Music, 1907
- De Figueiredo, Peter (2003). "Symbols of Empire: The Buildings of the Liverpool Waterfront". Architectural History. 46: 229–254. doi:10.2307/1568808. JSTOR 1568808.
- Coslett, Paul (2009). "The Belfast of England". Liverpool: History. BBC. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- "Movie Theaters in Liverpool". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- Handbook to the Commercial Reference Library, Liverpool, 1920, OL 7136550M
- Zack-Williams, Alfred B. (1997). "African Diaspora Conditioning: The Case of Liverpool". Journal of Black Studies. 27 (4): 528–542. doi:10.1177/002193479702700405. JSTOR 2784729.
- Wilson, Carlton E. (1992). "Racism and Private Assistance: The Support of West Indian and African Missions in Liverpool, England, during the Interwar Years". African Studies Review. 35 (2): 55–76. doi:10.2307/524870. JSTOR 524870.
- The Population of Liverpool Exemplified (PDF) (1st ed.), Liverpool John Moores University, 2010
- Houghton, Alistair (23 February 2019). "Eye-popping 'Walkways in the Sky' and Liverpool masterplan that never happened". liverpoolecho.
- Gascoigne, Bamber. "Timelines: Liverpool". History World. Retrieved 2013-10-01.
- "Queen Mary 2 to run first Cunard Liverpool sailings in 45 years". Cruise Liverpool. 1 March 2013.
- Philbin, Paul (26 February 2017). "Why does the M62 start at junction 5?". liverpoolecho.
- Couch, Chris; Farr, Sarah-Jane (2000). "Museums, Galleries, Tourism and Regeneration: Some Experiences from Liverpool". Built Environment. 26 (2): 152–163. JSTOR 23288855.
- "1945 to present". British History Timeline. BBC. Retrieved 2013-09-12.
- Houghton, Alistair (28 January 2018). "Lost landmarks - more Liverpool buildings you wish were still here". liverpoolecho.
- "Census Information Index". City of Liverpool Internet. City of Liverpool. Archived from the original on 1998-02-11. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- "Mathew Street Festival axed and replaced by new Liverpool International Music Festival". Liverpool Echo. 19 February 2013.
- Mukul (1998), "Liverpool Dockers; Making and Un-Making of a Struggle", Economic and Political Weekly, 33 (26): 1612–1614, JSTOR 4406925
- "United Kingdom". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- "British Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
Further reading
Published in the 18th century
- Liverpool Directory, for the Year 1766. Liverpool: Printed by W. Nevett and Co. for J. Gore.
- William Enfield (1774), An essay towards the history of Leverpool (2nd ed.), London: J. Johnson, OL 23379980M
- W. Bailey (1781). "Liverpool Directory". Bailey's Northern Directory. Warrington: Printed by William Ashton.
- William Moss (1796). Liverpool Guide. Liverpool: Crane and Jones.
- James Wallace (1796), A general and descriptive history of the ancient and present state, of the town of Liverpool, Liverpool: J. McCreery, OL 7197095M
Published in the 19th century
1800s-1840s
- "Liverpool", Kearsley's Traveller's Entertaining Guide through Great Britain, London: George Kearsley, 1803
- John Britton (1807), "Liverpool", Beauties of England and Wales, 9, London: Vernor, Hood & Sharpe, hdl:2027/mdp.39015063565736
- Picture of Liverpool; or, Stranger's Guide (2nd ed.), Liverpool: Printed by Jones and Wright, and sold by Woodward and Alderson, 1808, OL 25319603M
- John Corry (1810), The history of Liverpool, from the earliest authenticated period down to the present time, Liverpool: William Robinson
- "Liverpool". Commercial Directory for 1818-19-20. Manchester: James Pigot. 1818.
- Robert Watt (1824). "Liverpool". Bibliotheca Britannica. 4. Edinburgh: A. Constable. hdl:2027/mdp.39076005081505. OCLC 961753.
- Henry Smithers (1825), Liverpool, its Commerce, Statistics, and Institutions, Liverpool: Printed by T. Kaye, OCLC 4587553, OL 6920334M
- "Liverpool". Pigot & Co.'s National Commercial Directory for 1828-9. London: James Pigot.
- "Liverpool", Cities and Principal Towns of the World, Cabinet Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, 1830, OCLC 2665202
- Stephen Reynolds Clarke (1830), "Liverpool", New Lancashire Gazetteer, London: H. Teesdale and Co., OCLC 6704104
- Gore's Directory and View of Liverpool (PDF). Liverpool: J. and J. Mawdsley. 1834.
- "Liverpool". Cornish's Grand Junction, and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Companion. Birmingham: J. Cornish. 1837. hdl:2027/wu.89097042907.
- Picture of Liverpool. Liverpool: T. Taylor. 1837.
- Francis Coghlan (1838). "Liverpool". Iron Road Book and Railway Companion from London to Birmingham, Manchester, and Liverpool. London: A.H. Baily & Co. hdl:2027/wu.89089014146.
- Arthur Freeling (1838), "Liverpool Guide", Freeling's Grand Junction Railway Companion to Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, H. Lacey
- "Liverpool", Osborne's Guide to the Grand Junction, Or Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester Railway, Birmingham: E.C. & W. Osborne, 1838
- "Liverpool", Leigh's New Pocket Road-Book of England and Wales (7th ed.), London: Leigh and Son, 1839
- Liverpool as It Is. 1840.
- Alexander Brown (1843), Smith's Strangers' Guide to Liverpool, Liverpool: Benjamin Smith, OL 23369337M
- John Thomson (1845), "Liverpool", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
- "Liverpool". Slater's National Commercial Directory of Ireland; including ... English Towns of Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, West Bromwich, Leeds, Sheffield and Bristol, and in Scotland, those of Glasgow and Paisley. Manchester: I. Slater. 1846. hdl:2027/njp.32101045358296.
- Samuel Lewis (1848), "Liverpool", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.
1850s-1890s
- Thomas Baines (1852). History of the Commerce and Town of Liverpool. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
- "Liverpool", Black's Picturesque Tourist and Road-book of England and Wales (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1853
- Richard Brooke (1853), Liverpool as it was during the last quarter of the eighteenth century. 1775 to 1800, Liverpool: J. Mawdsley and Son, OCLC 4612147, OL 6928908M
- Thomas Baines (1859), Liverpool in 1859, London: Longman
- George Measom (1859), "Liverpool", Official Illustrated Guide to the North-Western Railway, London: W.H. Smith and Son
- Recollections of old Liverpool, Liverpool: J. F. Hughes, 1863, OL 25319604M
- A. Green & Co.'s Directory for Liverpool and Birkenhead, 1870
- James Stonehouse (c. 1870). Streets of Liverpool. Liverpool: E. Howell.
- Black's Guide to Liverpool, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1871
- "Liverpool Section". Commercial Directory and Shippers' Guide (3rd ed.). Liverpool: R.E. Fulton & Co. 1871.
- James Picton (1875), Memorials of Liverpool, London: Longmans, Green, OL 7022210M v.2
- "Liverpool", Official Guide and Album of the Cunard Steamship Company, S. Sharpe, 1877
- John Parker Anderson (1881), "Lancashire: Liverpool", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
- Lewis's Handy Guide to Liverpool and Neighbourhood. Liverpool: Lewis's. 1884.
- Liverpool a few years since (3rd ed.), Liverpool: A. Holden, 1885, OL 7239798M
- City of Liverpool: Municipal archives and records, from A. D. 1700 to the passing of the municipal reform act, 1835, Liverpool: G. G. Walmsley, 1886, OL 14000568M
- Frederick Dolman (1895), "Liverpool", Municipalities at Work: the Municipal Policy of Six Great Towns and its Influence on their Social Welfare, London: Methuen & Co., OCLC 8429493
Published in the 20th century
1900s-1940s
- Ramsay Muir (1907), A History of Liverpool (2nd ed.), London: Pub. for the University Press of Liverpool by Williams & Norgate, OL 24434716M
- George T. Shaw; Isabella Shaw, eds. (1907). Liverpool's First Directory. A Reprint of the Names and Addresses from Gore's Directory for 1766. Liverpool: Henry Young & Sons.
- Robert Donald, ed. (1907). "Liverpool". Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1907. London: Edward Lloyd.
- William Dean Howells (1909), "A Modest Liking for Liverpool", Seven English Cities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "Liverpool", Great Britain (7th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, hdl:2027/mdp.39015010546516
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Liverpool", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- William Farrer; J. Brownbill, eds. (1911). "History of the County of Lancaster". Victoria County History. University of London, Institute of Historical Research. (includes Liverpool)
1950s-1990s
- Richard Hawes (1998). "Municipal Regulation of Smoke Pollution in Liverpool, 1853–1866". Environment and History. 4 (1): 75–90. doi:10.3197/096734098779555718. JSTOR 20723060.
Published in the 21st century
- Richard Lawton (2002). "Components of demographic change in a rapidly growing port-city: the case of Liverpool in the nineteenth century". In Richard Lawton and W. Robert Lee (ed.). Population and Society in Western European Port Cities, c.1650-1939. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-435-7.
- John Belchem (2007). Irish, Catholic and Scouse: The History of the Liverpool-Irish, 1800–1939. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liverpool. |
- "Liverpool". Port Cities UK. UK: New Opportunities Fund. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
- Caryl Williams. "History Timeline". Old Liverpool. UK. Archived from the original on 2010-01-09.
- "Lancashire", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes digitized directories of Liverpool, various dates
- Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Liverpool, various dates
- "(Liverpool)". Discovering Britain: Walks: North West England. Royal Geographical Society. c. 2013.
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