Three Rivers, California

Three Rivers is an unincorporated community in Tulare County, California, United States. Located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada at the edge of the San Joaquin Valley, the town is near the entrance to Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. The town's name comes from its location near the junction of the North, Middle, and South Forks of the Kaweah River.[3][4]

Three Rivers
Census designated place
Location in Tulare County and the state of California
Three Rivers
Location in the United States
Three Rivers
Three Rivers (California)
Three Rivers
Three Rivers (the United States)
Coordinates: 36°27′15″N 118°53′11″W
Country United States
State California
CountyTulare
Area
 • Total44.505 sq mi (115.269 km2)
 • Land44.505 sq mi (115.269 km2)
 • Water0 sq mi (0 km2)  0%
Elevation843 ft (257 m)
Population
 • Total2,182
 • Density49/sq mi (19/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP code
93271
Area code559
FIPS code06-78638
GNIS feature IDs1661569, 2409316

The population was 2,182 at the 2010 census, down from 2,248 at the 2000 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Three Rivers as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name.

Geography

Three Rivers is located in the Kaweah River canyon, just above Lake Kaweah. Surrounding terrain is marked by oak woodland forest and foothills. The Kaweah River drainage is a very short river drainage, and quickly terrain climbs from around 1,000 feet (300 m). ASL in Three Rivers to 3,000-5,000 ft ASL on the surrounding hills, and upward to 14,000+ ft ASL at Mt. Whitney, fifty miles to the East. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 44.5 square miles (115 km2), all land.

Giant Sequoia grove on Case Mountain,[5] SE of Three Rivers.

Climate
Climate data for Three Rivers, California
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 79
(26)		 85
(29)		 89
(32)		 100
(38)		 106
(41)		 112
(44)		 112
(44)		 114
(46)		 109
(43)		 102
(39)		 88
(31)		 78
(26)		 114
(46)
Average high °F (°C) 58.7
(14.8)		 63.0
(17.2)		 68.0
(20.0)		 74.4
(23.6)		 84.0
(28.9)		 92.6
(33.7)		 99.0
(37.2)		 97.9
(36.6)		 92.3
(33.5)		 80.5
(26.9)		 66.2
(19.0)		 58.2
(14.6)		 77.9
(25.5)
Average low °F (°C) 35.4
(1.9)		 38.3
(3.5)		 41.3
(5.2)		 44.3
(6.8)		 50.8
(10.4)		 58.0
(14.4)		 64.3
(17.9)		 63.1
(17.3)		 57.8
(14.3)		 48.7
(9.3)		 40.1
(4.5)		 35.1
(1.7)		 48.1
(8.9)
Record low °F (°C) 20
(−7)		 19
(−7)		 23
(−5)		 22
(−6)		 33
(1)		 39
(4)		 33
(1)		 32
(0)		 28
(−2)		 26
(−3)		 23
(−5)		 16
(−9)		 16
(−9)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.58
(116)		 4.33
(110)		 4.22
(107)		 2.16
(55)		 0.93
(24)		 0.31
(7.9)		 0.09
(2.3)		 0.02
(0.51)		 0.48
(12)		 1.12
(28)		 2.70
(69)		 3.90
(99)		 24.83
(631)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 7.7 8.6 8.4 6.0 2.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 1.1 3.0 5.5 7.8 52.4
Source: NOAA (normals 1981−2010)[6]

Demographics

2010

At the 2010 census Three Rivers had a population of 2,182. The population density was 49.0 people per square mile (18.9/km²). The racial makeup of Three Rivers was 1,976 (90.6%) White, 7 (0.3%) African American, 27 (1.2%) Native American, 31 (1.4%) Asian, 1 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 75 (3.4%) from other races, and 65 (3.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 212 people (9.7%).[7]

The census reported that 2,177 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and 5 (0.2%) were institutionalized.

There were 1,018 households, 207 (20.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 519 (51.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 65 (6.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 33 (3.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 35 (3.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 10 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 341 households (33.5%) were one person and 159 (15.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.14. There were 617 families (60.6% of households); the average family size was 2.71.

The age distribution was 354 people (16.2%) under the age of 18, 90 people (4.1%) aged 18 to 24, 369 people (16.9%) aged 25 to 44, 837 people (38.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 532 people (24.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 52.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males.

There were 1,312 housing units at an average density of 29.5 per square mile, of the occupied units 741 (72.8%) were owner-occupied and 277 (27.2%) were rented.The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.6%. 1,604 people (73.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 573 people (26.3%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

At the 2000 census there were 2,248 people in 985 households, including 659 families, in the CDP. The population density was 49.6 people per square mile (19.1/km²). There were 1,217 housing units at an average density of 26.8 per square mile (10.4/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.86% White, 0.22% African American, 1.29% Native American, 0.67% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 3.74% from other races, and 4.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.58%.[8]

Of the 985 households 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 27.4% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.75.

The age distribution was 20.9% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 20.3% from 25 to 44, 32.1% from 45 to 64, and 22.1% 65 or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.

The median household income was $42,727 and the median family income was $48,843. Males had a median income of $39,355 versus $31,875 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,475. About 7.5% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Three Rivers was one site of a handful of U.S. boarding schools run by the Hare Krishna movement. These schools, called "gurukulas," were closed by the mid-1980s. Other locations included Los Angeles; Moundsville, W. Va.; and Dallas.

Three Rivers has one K-8 school with around 150 children. The school's high API scores consistently rank it near the top for schools in Tulare County.

The two national parks, Sequoia National Park and Kings Canyon National Park which border the town to the northeast, are the prime attraction of Three Rivers.

History

Kaweah Colony

In 1886, a group of utopian socialists founded an intentional community along the upper North Fork of the Kaweah River. Named Kaweah Colony, it was inspired by the ideas of Laurence Gronlund. When Congress created Sequoia National Park they lost their timber claims and in 1891 were ordered off the land.[9]

Rhodesian pioneers
from left to right: Winston Spencer Churchill, Judd Dunning Blick, John Charles Blick, Frederick Russell Burnham. 1910

The Three Rivers cemetery contains the bodies of nine Rhodesian pioneers who lived in Africa ca. 1900 and fought in several wars. The Burnham and Blick families started a 5,000-acre (20 km2) cattle ranch, La Cuesta, in Three Rivers and built homes there. The scenery at Three Rivers is said to be almost identical to that of the Rhodesian kopje country.[10] La Cuesta was sold by John and Judd Blick in 1947 for $90,000.[11]

Mineral King and Walt Disney

In the 1960s and 70s, Walt Disney had plans to develop a ski resort at Mineral King. Ultimately, these plans were withdrawn when Mineral King was annexed into Sequoia National Park in 1978.

Artists' colony
Rose at Western Holiday Lodge garden

In the 1960s several local artists held exhibitions in the old Apple House on the North Fork Drive. Some of these artists included Adrian Green, Gene Gray, Caroll Barnes, Frank Treuting, Jean Caulfeild and Pauline Whitsun. Present day artists open their studios every other year for the Three Rivers Artists' Biennial Studio Tour, which was started in 1994 by Elsah Cort (then associated with the Cort Gallery.) More than thirty artists are living and working in Three Rivers, including Mona Fox Selph, James Entz, and Aranga Firstman, who all taught at College of the Sequoias in Visalia, California. Other well-known artists are Martha Widmann, Rick Badgley, Jana Botkin, Nikki Crain, Tina St. John, Nadi Spencer and Martin Pugh.

The Arts Alliance of Three Rivers is the local arts organization, started in 1985, with many local artists and art patrons as members. It sponsors the annual Redbud Arts and Craft Festival every May. It also established the Lorraine Young Scholarship Fund, which awards art scholarships to local Three Rivers graduating high school students. This fund was established by the Arts Alliance in honor of the many years of service Lorraine gave to both the Arts Alliance and to the community of Three Rivers. The Arts Alliance became a 501(c)(3) tax exempt organization in 2010.

Politics
View from California State Route 198 looking into Sequoia National Park from Three Rivers, 2010

In the state legislature, Three Rivers is located in the 18th Senate District, represented by Republican Jean Fuller and formerly held by Republican Roy Ashburn, and in the 23rd Assembly District, represented by Republican Jim Patterson.[12]

In the United States House of Representatives, Three Rivers is in California's 23rd congressional district, represented by Republican Kevin McCarthy.[13]

Schools
  • Three Rivers Union School District (K-8, average attendance: 157 students)[14]
  • Woodlake Union High School (9-12), Three Rivers Students usually go to high school in Woodlake, CA

Three Rivers is home to the Diocese of Fresno's St. Anthony Retreat Center and Santa Teresita Youth Conference Center. Three Rivers is home to Riata Ranch International, a world renowned Western Performance Arts Training Facility and home of the World Famous Riata Ranch Cowboy Girls.

Notable people
  • Mary Harris - longtime Three Rivers resident and noted musician.
  • Earl A. McKee, Jr - lifelong Three Rivers resident, quarter horse rancher, musician, and author of "Echoes of Blossom Peak" and "Echoes of Three Rivers"

References
  1. "2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files – Places – California". United States Census Bureau.
  2. "Three Rivers". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
  3. Sahagun, Louis (December 23, 2016). "A black bear boom has a California town wondering how residents would get along with grizzlies". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  4. Rocha, Veronica; Serna, Joseph (November 9, 2015). "Baby bear boom brings many of them to streets of Three Rivers, Calif". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  5. Case Mountain BLM Recreation Management Area, CA
  6. "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  7. "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Three Rivers CDP". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  8. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  9. "The History of Kaweah Colony". The Kaweah Commonwealth. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
  10. Lott, J. "Jack" P (March 1977). "Major F. R. Burnham, D.S.O". Rhodesiana Magazine. 36: 68. ISSN 0556-9605.
  11. "Ranch Sells for $90,000". Los Angeles Times. February 8, 1947.
  12. "Statewide Database". UC Regents. Archived from the original on February 1, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  13. "California's 23rd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC.
  14. "School Districts". Tulare County Office of Education. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
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