Tenggerese dialect
Tenggerese language (sometimes referred to as Tengger Javanese language) is a language used by the Tenggerese people in the mountain region of the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park which includes Pasuruan Regency, Probolinggo Regency, Malang Regency and Lumajang Regency of East Java, Indonesia.
| Tenggerese | |
|---|---|
| Basa Tengger ꦧꦱꦠꦼꦁꦒꦼꦂ | |
| Region | Java, Indonesia |
Native speakers | 500,000[1] (2010 census)[2] |
Austronesian
| |
| Javanese | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tes |
| Glottolog | teng1272[3] |
Linguistically, Tenggerese language is part of the Javanese language in the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages.
Some linguists regard the Tenggerese language as a descendant of the ancient Kawi language, as it has retained old vocabulary that is no longer used in the modern Javanese language.[4]
Dispersion
Tenggerese language is spoken in regions that are settled by the Tenggerese people in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park area:
- Tosari, Pasuruan Regency
- Sakapura district, Probolinggo Regency
- Ngadas village, Poncokusomo district, Malang Regency
- Ranu Pani village, Senduro district, Lumajang Regency
Grammar
A few examples of words in Tenggerese language:-
| Tenggerese language | Malay language | English |
|---|---|---|
| reang | aku | I (for male) |
| isun | aku | I (for female) |
| sira | kamu | you |
| rika | anda | you (for an older person) |
When the alphabet "A" is read as "O" in modern Javanese language, in Tenggerese language it is still read as "A".[5]
References
- "Publication Name". Sp2010.bps.go.id. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
- Tenggerese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tengger". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati 2016, p. 2
- Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati 2016, p. 9
- Conners, Thomas J. (2008). Tengger Javanese (Ph.D. thesis). Yale University. hdl:10079/bibid/9845157.
- Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati (2016). "Phonological system of Tengger dialect: In Ngoko speech level". Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics. 1 (1). doi:10.21462/ijefll.v1i1.3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
