Sentetsu Tehosa-class locomotive

The Tehosa-class (テホサ) locomotives were a class of steam tender locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement.[1] The "Teho" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten Wheeler".[2]

Chosen Government Railway Tehosa class (テホサ)
Korean National Railroad Teou3 class (터우3)
Korean State Railway Tŏusŏ class (더우서)
Builder's photo of a Tehosa-class locomotive.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderALCo, Gyeongseong Works
Build date1911, 1938
Total produced9 (1911, ALCo), 1 (1938, Gyeongseong)
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-6-0
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.1,680 mm (66 in)
Length17,642 mm (57 ft 10.6 in)
Width2,821 mm (9 ft 3.1 in)
Height4,232 mm (13 ft 10.6 in)
Loco weight67.60 t (66.53 long tons)
Tender weight43.46 t (42.77 long tons)
Fuel capacity6.00 t (5.91 long tons)
Water cap15,100 L (4,000 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		4.39 m2 (47.3 sq ft)
Boiler:
​
 • Small tubes310 x 57 mm (2.2 in)
 • Large tubes24 x 137 mm (5.4 in)
Boiler pressure12.6 kgf/cm2 (179 psi)
Heating surface170.80 m2 (1,838.5 sq ft)
 • Tubes158.80 m2 (1,709.3 sq ft)
 • Firebox12.00 m2 (129.2 sq ft)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area46.90 m2 (504.8 sq ft)
Cylinders1
Cylinder size510 mm × 660 mm (20 in × 26 in)
Valve gearStephenson
Performance figures
Maximum speed95 km/h (59 mph)
Tractive effort111.0 kN (25,000 lbf)
Career
OperatorsChosen Government Railway
Korean National Railroad
Korean State Railway
ClassSentetsu: テホサ
KNR: 터우3
KSR: 더우서
Number in class10
NumbersSentetsu: テホサ1–テホサ10
Delivered1911, 1938
Data for locomotives as rebuilt in the 1930s.

After the Liberation of Korea, of the 178 surviving locomotives of all Teho classes - including six previously owned by private railway companies - 106 went to the Korean National Railroad in the South, and 72 to the Korean State Railway in the North.[3]

Description

Whilst the first two classes of 4-6-0 locomotives in Korea, the Tehoi and Tehoni classes, were built by Baldwin, Sentetsu turned to a different American manufacturer for the third class - ALCo's Brooks Works[4] built nine such locomotives for Sentetsu in 1911.[1] Intended for long-range mixed trains, they were initially numbered 222–230, and subsequently were renumbered 651–659 in 1918. After being rebuilt with superheaters in the 1930s, they were redesignated テホサ (Tehosa) class and numbered テホサ1 through テホサ9 in the 1938 general renumbering.[4] Like all Teho-type locomotives operated by Sentetsu, they had driving wheels of 1,680 mm (66 in) and a top speed of 95 km/h (59 mph),[1] and many were assigned to the Manpo Line in the northern part of the country.[1] One final unit, テホサ10, was built by Gyeongseong Works in 1938.[4]

Postwar

Korean National Railroad 터우3 (Teou3) class

The exact dispersal of the ten Tehosa-class locomotives after the partition of Korea in 1945 and the division of Sentetsu assets in 1947 is uncertain, but at least two went to the South, where the Korean National Railroad designated them 터우3 (Teou3) class [1] and were used primarily on branchline trains.[4]

Korean State Railway 더우서 (Tŏusŏ) class

Having been assigned primarily to the Manpo Line,[1] most of the class went to the North after the partition, where they were designated 더우서 (Tŏusŏ) class by the Korean State Railway, but little is known of their service lives and subsequent fates.

Construction
Sentetsu running numberPostwar
Original1918–19381938–1945OwnerNumberBuilderYearNotes
222テホ611テホサ1KNR터우3-1ALCo1911
223テホ612テホサ2??ALCo1911
224テホ613テホサ3??ALCo1911
225テホ614テホサ4??ALCo1911
226テホ615テホサ5??ALCo1911
227テホ616テホサ6??ALCo1911
228テホ617テホサ7??ALCo1911
229テホ618テホサ8KNR터우3-8ALCo1911
230テホ619テホサ9??ALCo1911
--テホサ10??Gyeongseong1938
Total10

References
  1. Byeon, Seong-u (1999). 한국철도차량 100년사 [Korean Railways Rolling Stock Centennial] (in Korean). Seoul: Korea Rolling Stock Technical Corp.
  2. Colvin, Fred H. (1906). The railroad pocket-book: a quick reference cyclopedia of railroad information. New York, Derry-Collard; London, Locomotive Publishing Company (US-UK co-edition). p. L‑9.
  3. "Korean National RR TW-1 4-6-0". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
  4. "Korean National 4-6-0 TW-3". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
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