Sentetsu Pureha-class locomotives

The Pureha-class (プレハ) locomotives were a group of steam tank locomotives with 2-6-2 wheel arrangement of used by the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) in Korea. The "Pure" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 2-6-2 wheel arrangement were called "Prairie".[1]

Chosen Government Railway Pureha class (プレハ)
Korean National Railroad Pureo8 class (푸러8)
Korean State Railway Purŏp'a class (부러파)
Builder's photo of Sentetsu プレハ36, built by Kisha Seizō in 1939.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderGyeongseong Works, Hitachi, Kisha Seizō
Build date1932 (Gyeongseong)
1939 (Hitachi, Kisha Seizō)
Total produced38
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-6-2T
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.1,520 mm (60 in)
Length10,800 mm (35 ft 5 in)
Width3,010 mm (9 ft 11 in)
Height3,940 mm (12 ft 11 in)
Adhesive weight43.90 t (43.21 long tons)
Loco weight67.70 t (66.63 long tons)
Fuel capacity2.00 t (1.97 long tons)
Water cap5,000 L (1,300 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		2.40 m2 (25.8 sq ft)
Boiler:
​
 • Small tubes89 x 51 mm (2.0 in)
 • Large tubes18 x 137 mm (5.4 in)
Boiler pressure14.0 kgf/cm2 (199 psi)
Heating surface104.30 m2 (1,122.7 sq ft)
 • Tubes69.60 m2 (749.2 sq ft)
 • Firebox10.20 m2 (109.8 sq ft)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area24.50 m2 (263.7 sq ft)
Cylinders1
Cylinder size410 mm × 610 mm (16 in × 24 in)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Maximum speed90 km/h (56 mph)
Tractive effort78.9 kN (17,700 lbf)
Career
OperatorsChosen Government Railway
Korean National Railroad
Korean State Railway
ClassSentetsu: プレハ
KNR: 푸러8
KSR: 부러파
Number in classSentetsu: 38
NumbersSentetsu: プレハ1 – プレハ38
Delivered1932, 1939

In all, Sentetsu owned 227 locomotives of all Pure classes, whilst privately owned railways owned another 52; of these 279 locomotives, 169 went to the Korean National Railroad in South Korea and 110 to the Korean State Railway in North Korea.[2]

Description

The プレハ (Pureha) class was the eighth and final class of 2-6-2 locomotives procured by Sentetsu.[3] They were designed by Sentetsu as the most advanced locomotives in Korea at the time of their introduction, and the first twelve were built in 1932 by the Gyeongsong Works. A further 26 were built in 1939 by Hitachi and Kisha Seizō and assembled at Sentetsu's Busan shops.[4] Unlike previous Pure class locomotives, the Pureha class had larger driving wheels, with a diameter of 1,520 mm (60 in), which increased their maximum speed to 90 km/h (56 mph). They were frequently used for express trains on the Gyeongin Line.[4]

Postwar
A Pureha class locomotive in North Korea during the Korean War, with a Purena-class engine behind it.

After the end of the Pacific War and the subsequent partition of Korea, these locomotives were divided between North and South Korea.

Korean National Railroad 푸러8 (Pureo8) class

Many Pureha class locomotives were used by the Korean National Railroad after Liberation, which designated them 푸러8 (Pureo8) class;[4] they were used by the KNR primarily for shunting duties, and on light local and suburban passenger services.[5]

Korean State Railway 부러파 (Purŏp'a) class/1800 series

The Sentetsu Purena class locomotives that remained in the North after the partition of Korea were operated by the Korean State Railway, designating them 부러파 (Purŏp'a) class, and later renumbering them into the 1800 series around the early 1970s. The total number and identities of the engines that went north is uncertain, but it is known プレハ38 had gone to the north, where it was in use around Hamheung in 1951, still carrying Sentetsu number plates and emblems. It is unknown whether the locomotive remained in the North after the Korean War, or if it was taken by UN forces during the withdrawal.[5]

Construction
Sentetsu Purena-class
Sentetsu running numberPostwar
1938–1945pre-1938OwnerNumberBuilderYearWorks no.Notes
プレハ1プレ351KNR푸러8-1Gyeongseong1932
プレハ2プレ352??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ3プレ353??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ4プレ354??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ5プレ355??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ6プレ356??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ7プレ357??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ8プレ358??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ9プレ359??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ10プレ360??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ11プレ361??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ12プレ362??Gyeongseong1932
プレハ13-KNR푸러8-13Hitachi1939Large Latin "KNR" lettering in 1954.[5]
プレハ14-KNR푸러8-14Hitachi1939
プレハ15-KNR푸러8-15Hitachi1939Derelict by 1953.[5]
プレハ16-??Hitachi1939
プレハ17-??Hitachi1939
プレハ18-??Hitachi1939
プレハ19-KNR푸러8-19Hitachi1939In service in 1960.
プレハ20-KNR푸러8-20Hitachi1939
プレハ21-??Hitachi1939
プレハ22-KNR푸러8-22Hitachi1939
プレハ23-KNR푸러8-23Hitachi1939
プレハ24-??Hitachi1939
プレハ25-KNR푸러8-25Hitachi1939
プレハ26-??Hitachi1939
プレハ27-??Hitachi1939
プレハ28-KNR푸러8-28Hitachi1939
プレハ29-??Hitachi1939
プレハ30-??Kisha Seizō19391710
プレハ31-??Kisha Seizō19391711
プレハ32-??Kisha Seizō19391712
プレハ33-??Kisha Seizō19391713
プレハ34-??Kisha Seizō19391714
プレハ35-??Kisha Seizō19391715
プレハ36-??Kisha Seizō19391716
プレハ37-??Kisha Seizō19391717
プレハ38-KSR부러파38Kisha Seizō19391718Still with Sentetsu number plates in 1951.[5]

References
  1. Colvin, Fred H. (1906). The railroad pocket-book: a quick reference cyclopedia of railroad information. New York, Derry-Collard; London, Locomotive Publishing Company (US-UK co-edition). p. L‑9.
  2. "North and South Korea Steam Locomotives". 20 April 2004. Archived from the original on 20 April 2004.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  3. "プレーリー型タンク機関車". Archived from the original on 2017-08-26.
  4. Byeon, Seong-u (1999). 한국철도차량 100년사 [Korean Railways Rolling Stock Centennial] (in Korean). Seoul: Korea Rolling Stock Technical Corp.
  5. "Korean National RR Class PR-8 2-6-2T". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
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