Ptolemais Hermiou

Ptolemais Hermiou or Ptolemais in the Thebaid was a city and Metropolitan Archbishopric in Greco-Roman Egypt and remains a Catholic titular see.

Ptolemais Hermiou

ⲡⲥⲟⲓ
Ptolemais Hermiou
Location in Egypt
Coordinates: 26°29′N 31°48′E
Country Egypt
GovernorateSohag
Time zoneUTC+2 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)+3

Today, the city of El Mansha (Arabic: المنشأة‎)[1]-Bsoi (Coptic: ⲡⲥⲟⲓ) in the Sohag Governorate is located where the ancient city used to be.

History

Ptolemais Hermiou was established on the west bank of the Nile at the site of the Egyptian village of Psoï ( in the Thinis nome by the Ptolemaic ruler Ptolemy I Soter sometime after 312 BCE[2] to be the capital of Upper Egypt.[3]

According to Strabo, it was the largest city in the Thebaid, equal to Memphis in size. It also had its own constitution, an assembly with elected magistrates and judges not unlike a traditional Greek polis. Greek settlers to the city were brought over from the Peloponnese and northern Greece.[4] The city housed temples to Greek and Egyptian gods (Zeus, Dionysus, Isis) as well as a cult for the worship of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. There was also a theater and actor's guild present in the city.[5]

Titular see

The provincial capital and hence Metropolitan archdiocese of the Late Roman province of Thebais Secunda, which had faded, was nominally restored as a Latin Metropolitan titular archbishopric in the late 19th century as Ptolemais antea Syis, renamed simply Ptolemais in 1925, Ptolemais in Thebaide in 1933.

It has been vacant for decades, having had the following incumbents of the highest rank :

  • Lorenzo Passerini (1892.07.11 – 1901.04.18), later Titular Latin Patriarch of Antioch (1901.04.18 – 1915.12.13)
  • Luigi Canali, Franciscans (O.F.M. Obs.) (1901.08.03 – 1905.04.22)
  • José Marcondes Homem de Melo (1906.12.06 – 1908.08.09)
  • Raffaele Virili (1915.01.14 – 1925.03.09)
  • Paolo Giobbe (1925.03.30 – 1958.12.15) (later Cardinal)
  • Pietro Parente (1959.10.23 – 1965.12.07) (later Cardinal)

Notes
  1. "Al Manshah, Egypt" Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
  2. Mckechnie, Paul; Outsiders in the Greek Cities in the Fourth Century BC.
  3. Chauveau, Michel (2000) Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra: History and Society Under the Ptolemies Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, page 68 ISBN 0-8014-3597-8
  4. Cohen, Getzel M. The Hellenistic Settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin, and North Africa, pp. 350
  5. OGIS 51 - Greek inscription in English translation

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