miR-134

miR-134 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans.[1] MicroRNAs are typically transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product.[2] The excised region or, mature product, of the miR-134 precursor is the microRNA mir-134.

miR-134
Conserved secondary structure of miR-134
Identifiers
Symbolmir-134
Alt. SymbolsMIR134
RfamRF00699
miRBaseMI0000474
miRBase familyMIPF0000112
NCBI Gene406924
HGNC31519
Other data
Domain(s)Mammalia
GO0035195
SO0001244
LocusChr. 14
PDB structuresPDBe

miR-134 was one of a number of microRNAs found to be increasingly expressed in schizophrenia.[3]

Functions

miR-134 is a brain-specific microRNA; in rats it is localised specifically in hippocampal neurons and may indirectly regulate synaptic development through antisense pairing with LIMK1 mRNA.[4][5] In the human brain, SIRT1 is thought to mediate CREB protein through miR-134, giving the microRNA a role in higher brain functions such a memory formation.[6]

miR-134 has also been reported to function in mouse embryonic stem cells as part of a complex network regulating their differentiation.[7]

Applications

miR-134 levels in circulating blood could potentially be used as a peripheral biomarker for bipolar disorder.[8]

References
  1. Landgraf P, Rusu M, Sheridan R, Sewer A, Iovino N, Aravin A, Pfeffer S, Rice A, Kamphorst AO, Landthaler M, Lin C, Socci ND, Hermida L, Fulci V, Chiaretti S, Foà R, Schliwka J, Fuchs U, Novosel A, Müller RU, Schermer B, Bissels U, Inman J, Phan Q, Chien M, Weir DB, Choksi R, De Vita G, Frezzetti D, Trompeter HI, Hornung V, Teng G, Hartmann G, Palkovits M, Di Lauro R, Wernet P, Macino G, Rogler CE, Nagle JW, Ju J, Papavasiliou FN, Benzing T, Lichter P, Tam W, Brownstein MJ, Bosio A, Borkhardt A, Russo JJ, Sander C, Zavolan M, Tuschl T (June 2007). "A mammalian microRNA expression atlas based on small RNA library sequencing". Cell. 129 (7): 1401–14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.04.040. PMC 2681231. PMID 17604727.
  2. Ambros V (December 2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
  3. Santarelli DM, Beveridge NJ, Tooney PA, Cairns MJ (January 2011). "Upregulation of dicer and microRNA expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 46 in schizophrenia". Biological Psychiatry. 69 (2): 180–7. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.030. PMID 21111402.
  4. Schratt GM, Tuebing F, Nigh EA, Kane CG, Sabatini ME, Kiebler M, Greenberg ME (January 2006). "A brain-specific microRNA regulates dendritic spine development". Nature. 439 (7074): 283–9. doi:10.1038/nature04367. PMID 16421561.
  5. Tai HC, Schuman EM (February 2006). "MicroRNA: microRNAs reach out into dendrites". Current Biology. 16 (4): R121-3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.006. PMID 16488859.
  6. Gao J, Wang WY, Mao YW, Gräff J, Guan JS, Pan L, Mak G, Kim D, Su SC, Tsai LH (August 2010). "A novel pathway regulates memory and plasticity via SIRT1 and miR-134". Nature. 466 (7310): 1105–9. doi:10.1038/nature09271. PMC 2928875. PMID 20622856.
  7. Tay YM, Tam WL, Ang YS, Gaughwin PM, Yang H, Wang W, Liu R, George J, Ng HH, Perera RJ, Lufkin T, Rigoutsos I, Thomson AM, Lim B (January 2008). "MicroRNA-134 modulates the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells, where it causes post-transcriptional attenuation of Nanog and LRH1". Stem Cells. 26 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0295. PMID 17916804.
  8. Rong H, Liu TB, Yang KJ, Yang HC, Wu DH, Liao CP, Hong F, Yang HZ, Wan F, Ye XY, Xu D, Zhang X, Chao CA, Shen QJ (January 2011). "MicroRNA-134 plasma levels before and after treatment for bipolar mania". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 45 (1): 92–5. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.028. PMID 20546789.

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