Mardan Division
Mardan Division is one of seven divisions in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It consists of two districts, Mardan and Swabi[3]. According to the 2017 Pakistani Census, the division had a population of 3,997,667[3], making it the fourth-most populous division in the province, but it only spans 3,175 km2 (1,226 sq mi) of area[1], 98.27% of which is land, which makes it the smallest division by area in the province as well. Mardan, with over 350,000 people, is the division's namesake and most populous city. The division borders Hazara Division, Malakand Division, and Peshawar Division. The division does not have a single airport.
Mardan Division | |
|---|---|
   .jpg)  Images, from top down, left to right: Fields and mountains in Swabi District; A sunset near Swabi; Swat Expressway at Mardan; Guides' Memorial in Mardan; Lake in Swabi District | |
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  Mardan Division Location within Pakistan  Mardan Division Location within Asia .svg.png) Mardan Division Mardan Division (Earth) | |
| Coordinates: 34°1′00″N 72°2′00″E | |
| Country |  |
| Province |  |
| Area | |
| • Total | 3,175 km2 (1,226 sq mi) |
| • Land | 3,120 km2 (1,200 sq mi) |
| • Water | 55 km2 (21 sq mi) 1.73% |
| Population | |
| • Total | 3,997,677 |
| • Density | 1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| National Assembly Seats (2018) [4] | Total (5) |
| Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly Seats (2018) [5] | Total (13) |
History
The area which covers Mardan Division today was carved out of what was once Peshawar District between the 1931 and 1941 censuses of British India.[6] It consisted of two Tehsils, Mardan Tehsil and Swabi Tehsil, which would later become the two districts that make up Mardan Division today. In August 2000, the division was abolished along with every other division in the country, but was reinstated (with all the other divisions of Pakistan) eight years later after the elections of 2008.
Geography
Mardan Division has a total area of 3,175 km2 (1,226 sq mi).[1] 3,120 km2 (1,200 sq mi) of this area is land area and 55 km2 (21 sq mi), or 1.73% of the area of the division, is water. The area of the division is split rather evenly across both divisions, with Mardan District taking up 51.4% of the area of the division (1,632 km2 (630 sq mi)), and Swabi District takes up the remaining 1,543 km2 (596 sq mi).
The division borders the important Indus River to its south and east, and has an abundance of natural beauty.
Surrounding areas
To Mardan Division's north and northwest, you will find Malakand Division, to the division's west and southwest, Peshawar Division can be found. To the southeast of Mardan Division, Rawalpindi Division in the province of Punjab can be found, and Mardan Division borders the Hazara Division to its east.
Demographics
As of the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the division had a population of 3,997,667[3], out of which there were 2,016,397 males, 1,981,159 females, and 121 people who identified as Transgender; this made the sex ratio of the division 983 females for every 1,000 males. The division had 526,077 households, making the average household size of the division 7.60; 715,250 people in the division lived in an urban area, but the vast majority (3,282,427) lived in a rural area, making the urbanization rate of the division 17.89%[7] While geographically, it is the smallest division in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it is the most densely populated, with a population density of 1,281.31/km2 (3,318.6/sq mi), making it the fourth-most populated division in the province.
The largest city in Mardan Division is its namesake, Mardan. Mardan had a population of 358,604 in 2017[8] and was the second-largest city in the entire province (after Peshawar) at the time. Swabi was the second-largest city in the division, and it had a population of 123,412[9] and was the eighth-largest city in the province. The next three most-populous cities in the division were Takht-i-Bahi, in Mardan District, with a population of 80,721,[8] Topi, in Swabi District, with a population of 52,983,[9] and Tordher, in Swabi District, with a population of 41,420.[9] The whole division had seven municipalities in 2017, with five of them being concentrated in Swabi District.[9][8]
The division has one cantonment, the Mardan Cantonment, adjacent to the city of Mardan which had a population of 6,871, making up the division's entire military population.[8] This made only 0.17% of the entire population of the division active military personnel (one of the smallest military-civilian ratios in all of Pakistan).
In 2014 - 2015, Mardan Division had a literacy rate of roughly 51%, below the national average of 60%, and just below the provincial average of 53%.[10]
| Historical Population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1941 | 544,226 | — |
| 1951 | 629,374 | +1.46% |
| 1961 | 813,840 | +2.60% |
| 1972 | 1,204,253 | +3.63% |
| 1981 | 1,506,500 | +2.52% |
| 1998 | 2,486,904 | +2.99% |
| 2017 | 3,997,667 | +2.53% |
| Source: [6][1] [3] | ||
Climate
The climate of Mardan Division varies depending on where you are in the division. In the western part of the division, towards Mardan District and the city of Mardan, the summers are hot, the winters are mild and dry, and little rainfall falls through the year. Here the climate is classified as a BSh (or a hot semi-arid climate) by the Köppen climate classification. In the eastern part of the division, towards Swabi District and the city of Swabi, the summers are hot and long and the winters are dry and cool. Here the climate is classified as a Cwa (or a humid subtropical climate) by the Köppen classification.
| Climate data for Mardan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
19.0 (66.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
36.3 (97.3) |
41.4 (106.5) |
38.5 (101.3) |
36.5 (97.7) |
35.3 (95.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
29.6 (85.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.3 (90.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
16.2 (61.2) |
11.0 (51.8) |
22.2 (71.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
5.5 (41.9) |
10.4 (50.7) |
15.3 (59.5) |
20.2 (68.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
26.2 (79.2) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
14.9 (58.8) |
7.4 (45.3) |
2.7 (36.9) |
14.8 (58.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 47 (1.9) |
53 (2.1) |
67 (2.6) |
44 (1.7) |
20 (0.8) |
17 (0.7) |
88 (3.5) |
122 (4.8) |
45 (1.8) |
12 (0.5) |
14 (0.6) |
30 (1.2) |
559 (22.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org [11] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Swabi | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
36.1 (97.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.0 (96.8) |
35.0 (95.0) |
31.7 (89.1) |
25.5 (77.9) |
19.7 (67.5) |
29.6 (85.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
12.7 (54.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
22.7 (72.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
32.9 (91.2) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.4 (86.7) |
28.4 (83.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.9 (76.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
21.9 (71.4) |
15.1 (59.2) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.8 (38.8) |
14.9 (58.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 55 (2.2) |
58 (2.3) |
69 (2.7) |
47 (1.9) |
23 (0.9) |
25 (1.0) |
110 (4.3) |
137 (5.4) |
58 (2.3) |
14 (0.6) |
12 (0.5) |
31 (1.2) |
639 (25.3) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org [12] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- "TABLE-1: AREA & POPULATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS BY RURAL/URBAN: 1951-1998 CENSUSES" (PDF). Administrative Units.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- "PAKISTAN: Tehsils and Talukas". Pakistan: Tehsils and Talukas (Districts and Subdistricts) with population statistics, charts and maps. citypopulation.de. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- "PROVINCE WISE PROVISIONAL RESULTS OF CENSUS - 2017" (PDF). PAKISTAN TEHSIL WISE FOR WEB CENSUS_2017.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- "The Gazette of Pakistan Election Commission of Pakistan Notification" (PDF). National Assembly1.pdf. Election Commission of Pakistan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- "The Gazette of Pakistan Election Commission of Pakistan Notification" (PDF). Provincial KPK1.pdf. Election Commission of Pakistan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- Scott, I.D. "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME X" (PDF). North-West Frontier Province, Volume X. Government of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
- "TABLE - 1: PROVISIONAL PROVINCE WISE POPULATION BY SEX AND RURAL/URBAN CENSUS - 2017 PAKISTAN" (PDF). DISTRICT_WISE_CENSUS_RESULTS_CENSUS_2017.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- "POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD DETAIL FROM BLOCK TO DISTRICT LEVEL KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (MARDAN DISTRICT)" (PDF). MARDAN_BLOCKWISE.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 3 January 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
- "POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD DETAIL FROM BLOCK TO DISTRICT LEVEL KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (SWABI DISTRICT)" (PDF). SWABI_BLOCKWISE.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 3 January 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
- "PSLM –2014-15 PAKISTAN SOCIAL AND LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT SURVEY (2014-15)" (PDF). PSLM_2014-15_National-Provincial-District_report.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- . climate-data.org https://en.climate-data.org/asia/pakistan/khyber-pakhtunkhwa/mardan-3490/. Retrieved 24 June 2020. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - . climate-data.org https://en.climate-data.org/asia/pakistan/khyber-pakhtunkhwa/mardan-3490/. Retrieved 24 June 2020. Missing or empty
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