Mac OS X Server 1.0

Mac OS X Server 1.0, released on March 16, 1999,[1] is the first operating system released into the retail market by Apple Computer based on NeXT technology. It was the final release of the product code-named Rhapsody, which was an interim combination of the OpenStep system (Mach OS and OpenStep API) and Mac OS 8.[2]

Mac OS X Server 1.0
DeveloperApple Computer
OS family
Working stateLegacy
Latest release1.2v3 / October 27, 2000 (2000-10-27)
PlatformsPowerPC
Kernel typeHybrid (XNU) (mostly monolithic)
Succeeded byMac OS X Server 10.0
Official websitesupport.apple.com/kb/TA38977
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Although Mac OS X Server 1.0's graphical "look and feel" was a variation of the Platinum theme from Mac OS 8, its infrastructure is based on the OPENSTEP (and thus, NeXTSTEP) operating system instead of the classic Mac OS. The resulting product gave users a preview of the operating system that was to become Mac OS X (now referred to as macOS). Mac OS X Server was never officially known simply as Mac OS X, and was ultimately rendered obsolete by Mac OS X v10.0 in 2001 and macOS Server.

Design

Server 1.0 contains a mix of features from the classic Mac OS, NeXTSTEP and Mac OS X. Like classic Mac OS, it has a single menu bar across the top of the screen, but file management is performed in Workspace Manager from NeXTSTEP instead of the classic Mac OS Finder. The user interface still uses the Display PostScript-based window server from NeXTSTEP, instead of the Quartz-based WindowServer, which would appear a year later in Mac OS X Public Beta. Unlike any version of Classic Mac OS, windows with unsaved content display a black dot in the window close button like NeXTSTEP did. The Dock and the Aqua appearance were not included; these were added later in Mac OS X.

"Carbon", essentially a subset of "classic" Mac OS API calls, was also absent. This meant that the only native applications for OS X Server 1.0 were written for the "Yellow Box" API, which went on to become known as "Cocoa". Furthermore, Apple's own FireWire was not supported.

Server 1.0 also includes the first version of a NetBoot server, which allows computers to boot from a disk image over a local network. This was particularly useful in a school or other public-machine setting, as it allowed the machines to be booted from a single OS copy stored on Server 1.0. This made it difficult for users to damage the OS by installing software – as soon as they signed out, the machine would re-boot with a fresh OS from the NetBoot server.

To run classic Mac OS applications, Mac OS X Server 1.0 includes the "Blue Box", which essentially ran a copy of Mac OS 8.5.1 (this could be updated to Mac OS 8.6 in version 1.2 and later) in a separate process as an emulation layer. Blue Box would eventually be renamed as the "Classic Environment" in Mac OS X, featuring the latest version of Mac OS 9.

Reception

Although marketed as a large advancement over AppleShare IP, it cost $499 and did not support Apple's own FireWire, making it incompatible with products like MicroNet's SANcube, a line of external high-speed high-capacity storage systems (debuting in the year 2000 for $4599 to $6999).[3][4] Buyers of OS X Server 1.0 (who often purchased new Macs to run it) and the SANcube were forced to downgrade to AppleShare IP in order to use it. OS X Server 1.0 was quickly orphaned, in favor of Mac OS X 10.0, with no discount for those who purchased it and wished to purchase OS X Server 10.0. The result is that some considered the release premature and even a bait and switch.

Release history
Version Code name Date OS name
Mac OS X Server 1.0 Hera1O9 March 16, 1999 Rhapsody 5.3
Mac OS X Server 1.0.1 Hera1O9 April 15, 1999 Rhapsody 5.4
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2 Hera1O9+Loki2G1 July 29, 1999 Rhapsody 5.5
Mac OS X Server 1.2 Pele1Q10 January 14, 2000 Rhapsody 5.6
Mac OS X Server 1.2 v3 Medusa1E3 October 27, 2000[5][6] Rhapsody 5.6

See also

References
  1. Polsson, Ken. "Chronology of Personal Computer Software". Archived from the original on 2008-05-14. Retrieved 2008-05-07.
  2. Bockstegers, Dirk. "NeXT, OpenStep and the return of Steve Jobs to Apple". Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  3. Komiega, Kevin (24 July 2000). "MicroNet's SANcube gets a capacity boost". SearchStorage. TechTarget. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  4. "MicroNet debuts 600GB SANcube". MacWorld. IDG. 7 July 2001. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  5. "Rhapsody Media - Identifying what media you have". Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  6. "Rhapsody Timeline". Retrieved 2009-05-03.
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