List of legislatures of the Philippines

The Philippines has been governed by legislatures since 1898. The country has had different setups, with legislatures under the presidential system and the parliamentary system, and with legislatures having one or two chambers.

The Malolos Congress
The pre-martial law Senate

The first national legislature in the Philippines was the Malolos Congress that convened in the Barasoain Church at Malolos, Bulacan. Convened after the declaration of independence from Spain at the height of the Philippine Revolution, the Congress ratified the declaration, and drafted a constitution. With the capture of President Emilio Aguinaldo during the ensuing Philippine–American War, the unrecognized First Philippine Republic fell.

The Americans then sent several commissions to assess the situation; these eventually became the Philippine Commission. With the passage of the Philippine Bill of 1902, the Philippine Commission eventually became an appointive upper house of the new Philippine Legislature, of which the wholly elected Philippine Assembly was the lower house. The passage of the Philippine Autonomy Act instituted a mostly elective Senate as the upper house, with the House of Representatives as the lower house. This set up continued until the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines was set into force, creating a unicameral National Assembly under the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Amendments that took effect in 1941 restored the bicameral setup, creating the Commonwealth Congress. However, World War II intervened, and legislators elected in 1941 were not be able to serve. The invading Japanese set up the Second Philippine Republic that convened its own National Assembly.

The Allies reconquered the Philippines and the legislators elected in 1941 who are either still alive or are not arrested for collaboration convened in 1945. The Americans granted independence on July 4, 1946, and the Commonwealth Congress was renamed as Congress of the Republic of the Philippines. This will continue until the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 23, 1972, which effectively dissolved Congress. Marcos then exercised legislative power; his 1973 Constitution created the unicameral Batasang Pambansa, a parliament. The Batasang Pambansa first convened in 1978, and will continue to exist until the 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew Marcos from power. President Corazon Aquino appointed a constitutional commission that drafted the 1987 Constitution which restored the bicameral Congress with the presidential system of government.

List

Per legislative term
# Malolos Congress National Assembly First convened
Election Results Total
seats
1 National Assembly Unicameral legislature June 23 to September 10, 1898 68 nonpartisan 136 September 15, 1898
# Legislature Philippine Commission Philippine Assembly First convened
Election Results Total
seats		 Election Results Total
seats
2 1st Philippine Legislature Unelected July 30, 1907 59 Nacionalista
16 Progresista
5 others		 80 October 16, 1907
3 2nd Philippine Legislature November 2, 1909 62 Nacionalista
17 Progresista
2 independent		 81 March 28, 1910
4 3rd Philippine Legislature June 4, 1912 62 Nacionalista
16 Progresista
3 independent		 81 October 16, 1912
# Legislature Senate House of Representatives First convened
Election Results Total
seats		 Election Results Total
seats
5 4th Philippine Legislature October 3, 1916 20 Nacionalista
1 Progresista		 24 June 6, 1916 75 Nacionalista
7 Progresista
2 Democrata
6 independent		 90 October 16, 1916
6 5th Philippine Legislature June 3, 1919 10 Nacionalista
1 Demócrata		 24 June 3, 1919 83 Nacionalista
4 Democrata
3 independent		 90 1919
7 6th Philippine Legislature June 6, 1922 4 Colectivista
4 Demócrata
3 Unipersonalista		 24 June 6, 1922 35 Colectivista
29 Unipersonalista
26 Demócrata
3 independent		 93 1922
8 7th Philippine Legislature June 2, 1925 7 Nacionalista
4 Demócrata		 24 June 2, 1925 64 Nacionalista
22 Demócrata
6 independent		 92 1925
9 8th Philippine Legislature June 5, 1928 9 Nacionalista
2 Demócrata		 24 June 5, 1928 71 Nacionalista
16 Demócrata
7 independent		 94 1928
10 9th Philippine Legislature June 2, 1931 7 Nacionalista
4 Demócrata		 24 June 2, 1931 68 Nacionalista
13 Demócrata
5 independent		 86 1931
11 10th Philippine Legislature June 5, 1934 8 Nacionalista
3 Pro Independencia		 24 June 5, 1934 70 Pro Independencia
19 Consolidato
3 Sakdalista		 92 1934
# Constitutional Convention Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
12 1st Constitutional Convention Unicameral legislature July 10, 1934 202 nonpartisan delegates July 30, 1934
# National Assembly of the Commonwealth Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
13 1st National Assembly Unicameral legislature September 16, 1935 64 Democratico
19 Pro Independencia
6 independent		 89 November 25, 1935
14 2nd National Assembly November 8, 1938 98 Nacionalista 98 January 24, 1939
# National Assembly of the Republic Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
15 National Assembly Unicameral legislature September 20, 1943 108 KALIBAPI 108 September 25, 1943
# Commonwealth Congress Senate House of Representatives First convened
Election Results Total
seats		 Election Results Total
seats
16 1st Congress November 11, 1941 24 Nacionalista 24 November 11, 1941 95 Nacionalista
3 independent		 98 June 9, 1945
17 2nd Congress April 23, 1946 8 Liberal
7 Nacionalista
1 Popular Front		 24 April 23, 1946 49 Liberal
35 Nacionalista
6 Democratic Alliance
8 others		 98 May 25, 1946
# Congress Senate House of Representatives First convened
Election Results Total
seats		 Election Results Total
seats
17 1st Congress Co-opted from 2nd Commonwealth Congress Co-opted from 2nd Commonwealth Congress July 5, 1946
November 11, 1947 7 Liberal
1 Nacionalista		 24
18 2nd Congress November 8, 1949 8 Liberal 24 November 8, 1949 60 Liberal
33 Nacionalista
6 Liberal (Avelino wing)
1 independent		 100 December 30, 1949
November 13, 1951 8 Nacionalista 24
19 3rd Congress November 10, 1953 5 Nacionalista
2 Democratic
1 Citizens'		 24 November 10, 1953 59 Liberal
31 Nacionalista
11 Democratic
1 independent		 102 January 25, 1954
November 8, 1955 8 Nacionalista 24
20 4th Congress November 12, 1957 6 Nacionalista
2 Liberal		 24 November 12, 1957 82 Nacionalista
19 Liberal
1 NCP		 102 January 27, 1958
November 10, 1959 5 Nacionalista
2 Liberal
1 NCP		 24
21 5th Congress November 14, 1961 4 Liberal
2 Nacionalista
2 Progressive		 24 November 14, 1961 74 Nacionalista
29 Liberal
1 independent		 104 January 22, 1962
November 12, 1963 4 Liberal
4 Nacionalista		 24
22 6th Congress November 9, 1965 5 Liberal
2 Nacionalista
1 NCP		 24 November 9, 1965 61 Liberal
38 Nacionalista
5 others		 104 January 17, 1966
November 14, 1967 6 Nacionalista
1 Liberal
1 independent		 24
23 7th Congress November 11, 1969 6 Nacionalista
2 Liberal		 24 November 11, 1969 88 Nacionalista
18 Liberal
4 others		 110 January 26, 1970
November 8, 1971 5 Liberal
3 Nacionalista		 24
# Constitutional Convention Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
24 2nd Constitutional Convention Unicameral legislature November 10, 1970 320 nonpartisan delegates June 1, 1971
# Batasang Pambansa Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
25 Interim Batasang Pambansa Unicameral parliament April 7 and 27, 1978 150 KBL
13 Pusyon Bisaya
2 others		 165 June 12, 1978
26 Regular Batasang Pambansa May 14, 1984 114 KBL
61 UNIDO
8 others		 183 July 23, 1984
# Constitutional Commission Election Results Total
seats		 First convened
27 Constitutional Commission Unicameral legislature Unelected 48 nonpartisan commissioners June 2, 1986
# Congress Senate House of Representatives First convened
Election Results Total
seats		 Election Results Total
seats
28 8th Congress May 11, 1987 22 LABAN
2 GAD		 24 May 11, 1987 103 LABAN
17 GAD
25 others		 200 July 24, 1987
29 9th Congress May 11, 1992 16 LDP
5 NPC
2 Lakas
1 Liberal/PDP–Laban		 24 May 11, 1992 86 LDP
41 Lakas
30 NPC
11 Liberal/PDP–Laban
32 others		 200 July 27, 1992
30 10th Congress May 8, 1995 9 Lakas-Laban
3 NPC		 24 May 8, 1995 157 Lakas-Laban
25 NPC
22 others		 204 June 26, 1995
31 11th Congress May 11, 1998 7 LAMMP
5 Lakas		 24 May 11, 1998 111 Lakas
64 LAMMP
15 Liberal
16 others
14 party-lists		 258 July 27, 1998
32 12th Congress May 14, 2001 8 PPC
4 Puwersa ng Masa
1 independent		 24 May 14, 2001 73 Lakas
40 NPC
21 LDP
19 Liberal
52 others
14 party-lists		 256 July 23, 2001
33 13th Congress May 10, 2004 7 K4
5 KNP		 24 May 10, 2004 92 Lakas
53 NPC
29 Liberal
15 LDP
20 others
28 party-lists		 261 July 26, 2004
34 14th Congress May 14, 2007 8 GO
2 TEAM Unity
2 others		 24 May 14, 2007 89 Lakas
44 KAMPI
28 NPC
23 Liberal
11 Nacionalista
23 others
53 party-lists		 270 July 23, 2007
35 15th Congress May 10, 2010 3 Liberal
2 Nacionalista
2 PMP
2 Lakas
3 others		 24 May 10, 2010 107 Lakas
47 Liberal
29 NPC
26 Nacionalista
20 others
57 party-lists		 286 July 26, 2010
36 16th Congress May 13, 2013 9 Team PNoy
3 UNA		 24 May 13, 2013 112 Liberal
42 NPC
24 NUP
18 Nacionalista
14 Lakas
10 UNA
15 others
56 party-lists		 292 July 22, 2013
37 17th Congress May 9, 2016 5 Liberal
2 NPC
1 Akbayan
1 UNA
3 independent		 24 May 9, 2016 115 Liberal
42 NPC
24 Nacionalista
23 NUP
11 UNA
23 others
59 party-lists		 297 July 25, 2016
38 18th Congress May 13, 2019 9 HNP
1 NPC
1 UNA
1 independent		 24 May 13, 2019 82 PDP–Laban
42 Nacionalista
37 NPC
25 NUP
18 Liberal
12 Lakas
27 others
61 party-lists		 304 July 22, 2019

Per party

These are at the start of every legislature. A politician may switch parties mid-term. Appointed members appear after the plus sign (+).

Senate
1916–1946
Year NP[lower-alpha 1] Prog Dem Uni/Pro LP PF Ind Total
1916 20+2 1 1 24
1919 20+1 1+1 1 24
1922 11 5+2 6 24
1925 13 9+2 24
1928 17+1 5+1 24
1931 16+1 6 0+1 24
1934 15+1 7+1 24
1941 24 24
1946 14 9 1 24
1946–1971
Year LP NP PF DP NCP PPP Ind Total
1947 16 7 1 24
1949 18 4 1 24
1951 14 10 24
1953 7 13 2 1 24
1955 21 2 1 24
1957 2 19 2 1 24
1959 4 19 1 24
1961 8 13 1 2 24
1963 10 11 1 2 24
1965 9 12 1 2 24
1967 7 15 1 1 24
1969 5 17 1 1 24
1971 8 15 1 24
1987–present
Year Lakas[lower-alpha 2] LDP LP NPC NP PRP PDP PMP UNA Akbayan Others Ind Total
1987 22 LABAN, 2 GAD 24
1992 2 16 1 5 24
1995 5 14 2 1 1 1 24
1998 9 7 2 1 1 1 2 24
2001 7 2 1 2 6 LAMP 6 24
2004 7 1 4 1 1 6 KNP, 1 Aksyon 2 24
2007 4 2 4 2 3 1 1 2 1 KAMPI, 2 UNO 1 24
2010 4 1 4 2 4 1 2 5 24
2013 2 1 4 2 5 1 1 5 3 24
2016 1 6 3 3 2 3 1 5 24
2019 1 1 4 3 4 5 1 1 4 24

House of Representatives
1907–1946
Year NP Prog Dem Pro LP Others Ind Total
1907 59 16 1 Catolico 4 80
1909 62 17 2 81
1912 62 16 3 81
1916 75 7 2 6 90
1919 83 4 3 90
1922 35 26 29 Unipersonalata 3 93
1925 64 22 6 92
1928 71 16 7 94
1931 68 13 5 86
1934 19 70 3 Sakdalista 92
1935 64 19 6 89
1938 98 98
1941 95 3 98
1943 108 KALIBAPI 108
1946 35 49 6 Democratic Alliance, 3 minor parties 5 98
1949–1984
Year LP NP KBL Others Ind Sec Total
1949 33 60 6 Liberal-Avelino wing 1 100
1953 59 31 11 Democratic 1 102
1957 19 82 1 NCP 102
1961 29 74 1 104
1965 61 38 1 independent Nacionalista, 1 independent Liberal 3 104
1969 18 88 2 independent Nacionalista 2 110
1978 150 13 Pusyon Bisaya, 2 minor parties 0+14 165
1984 2 114 61 UNIDO 6 0+9 183
1987–present
Year KBL LP NP PDP Lakas[lower-alpha 2] LDP NPC PMP NUP UNA Others Party-list Ind Total
1987 11 16 4 43 49 coalitions, 24 Lakas ng Bansa, 19 UNIDO, 2 GAD, 2 PnB, 1 LABAN, 6 minor parties 0+14 23 214
1992 3 7 41 86 30 14 coalitions, 11 Koalisyong Pambansa, 2 minor parties 0+15 6 216
1995 1 5 1 1 100 17 22 1 25 Lakas-Laban, 14 hybrid coalitions, 9 administration coalitions, 1 opposition coalition, 1 PRP 0+24 7 226
1998 15 111 9 55 4 Reporma, 4 PROMDI, 1 Aksyon, 5 minor parties 14 2 258
2001 19 1 73 21 40 2 3 PROMDI, 3 Reporma, 2 Aksyon. 1 PDSP, 12 minor parties, 20 not indicated 14 8 256
2004 1 29 2 2 92 15 53 5 2 Aksyon, 2 KAMPI, 1 PDSP, 1 Reporma 28 4 261
2007 1 23 11 5 89 5 28 4 44 KAMPI. 3 PDSP, 1 Lingkod Taguig 53 4 271
2010 1 47 26 2 107 2 29 6 1 LM, 1 PDSP 57 7 286
2013 1 112 18 14 2 42 24 10 1 CDP, 4 minor parties 57 6 291
2016 115 24 3 4 2 42 23 11 1 Aksyon, 8 minor parties 59 4 297
2019 18 42 82 12 2 37 1 25 5 PFP, 1 Aksyon, 1 CDP, 1 PRP, 14 minor parties 61 2 304

Graphical timeline
The winners of the 1941 election first took office in 1945. See 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines for details.
Legend
  Nacionalista (Colectivista, Consolidato)
  Progresista
  Democrata
  Popular Front
  KALIBAPI
  Liberal
  Democratic
  CP/NCP
  Progressive
  KBL
  UNIDO
  Lakas ng Bayan
  PDP–Laban
  GAD
  LDP
  Lakas–NUCD/Lakas–CMD
  NPC
  LAMMP/PMP
  KAMPI
  NUP
  UNA
  Other parties
  Party-list
  Independent

Senate
  • Gaps refer to instances when the legislature was unicameral.

House of Representatives
  • Gaps from 1946 to 1971 refer to instances when there was no lower house election for it was a midterm election (senators have 6-year terms with staggered elections every two years, while representatives have 4-year terms). Starting in 1995, a midterm election includes both upper and lower house elections (senators have 6-year terms with staggered elections every three years, while representatives have 3-year terms).

See also

Notes
  1. Also formerly known as Nacionalista–Colectivista and Nacionalista–Consolidato.
  2. Known as Lakas–CMD from 1991 to 2009, Lakas–Kampi–CMD from 2009 to 2012, and Lakas–CMD again from 2012 to the present.

References
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