Judaeo-Catalan

Judaeo-Catalan (Hebrew: קטלאנית יהודית; Catalan: judeocatalà, IPA: [ʒuˌðewkətəˈla]), also called Catalanic or Qatalanit (Hebrew: קאטאלנית; Catalan: catalànic or qatalanit), was a presumed Jewish language spoken by the Jews in Northeastern Spain, especially in Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands.

Linguistically, it has been described as sharing many features in common with early Judaeo-Provençal. However, historically, ethnically, and politically, Judaeo-Catalan should have been quite distinct from Judaeo-Provençal, mostly as a result of the Moorish conquest of Iberia. The golden age of Judaeo-Catalan is supposed to be between the early 12th century and 1492, when the Jews were expelled from Spain by Alhambra Decree.

However, the very existence of the Judeo-Catalan is subject to debate at present. While authors like Paul Wexler defend its existence [1], it is usually understood that "the evidence of its existence is scarce, although texts are known that mix Catalan and Hebrew, and the subject is rather controversial" (Argenter, 2013, pp. 148-149) [2].

In one of the few investigations on the subject, Feliu and Ferrer (2011) analyzed a set of notarial texts of the year 1443, and concluded that their analysis "allows us to sign the death certificate of a linguistic ghost - the supposed 'Judeo-Catalan dialect' that never was" (p.59) [3]. Another subsequent study of some songs from the same period suggests the existence of a "linguistic repertoire of the Jews of medieval Catalonia", although it does not prove the existence of a dialect proper. [4]