Eastern Romance languages

The Eastern Romance languages[2] are a group of Romance languages. Today, the group consists of the Balkan Romance (also known as Daco-Romance[2]) subgroup which comprises the Romanian language (Daco-Romanian), Aromanian language (Macedo-Romanian) and two other related minor languages, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian; and the Castelmezzano dialect, in southern Italy.[3][4][5]

Eastern Romance
Geographic
distribution		Balkans and part of Eastern Europe, western Basilicata (Italy)
Linguistic classificationIndo-European
Subdivisions
Glottologeast2714[1]

Some classifications also include the extinct Dalmatian language (otherwise included in the Italo-Dalmatian group) as part of the Balkan Romance subgroup,[6][7][8] considering Dalmatian a bridge between Italian and Romanian.[9][10]

Samples of Eastern Romance languages

Note: the lexicon used below is not universally recognized

Istro-Romanian[11][12][13]Aromanian[14][15]Megleno-Romanian[16]RomanianItalianFrench LatinEnglish
pićorciciorpiciorpiciorgambajambe petiolus/gambaleg
kľeptucheptukľeptupieptpettopoitrine pectuschest
bireghinebinibinebenebien benewell, good
bľeråazghirarizberzbieraruggirerugir bēlāre/rugīre to roar
fiľuhiljiľufiufigliofils filiusson
fiľahiljeiľefiicăfigliafille fīlia daughter
ficåthicatficatfegatofoie fīcātum liver
fihireirefiessereêtre fuī/esse/sum to be
fľerheruierufierferrofer ferrumiron
vițeluyitsãlvițålvițelvitelloveau vitelluscalf
(g)ľermiermughiarmiviermevermever vermisworm
viuyiughiuviuvivovivant vīvus/vīvēns alive
viptyiptuviptcibo (vitto)victuaille (archaic) victusfood, grain, victuals
mľe(lu)njelm'ielmielagnelloagneau agnelluslamb
mľårenjarem'arimieremielemiel melhoney

See also

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Eastern Romance". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Schulte 2009, p. 230.
  3. Hammarström 2019, .
  4. Agard 1984, p. 250.
  5. Hall 1950, p. 16.
  6. Swiggers 2011, p. 272.
  7. Sampson 1999, p. 298.
  8. Hall 1950, p. 24.
  9. Posner 1996, p. 195.
  10. Harris 1997, p. 22.
  11. Lexicul Istroromân Moștenit din Latină
  12. Istroromâna în viziunea lui Traian Cantemir
  13. Istro-romanians: The Legacy of a Culture
  14. Dialectul Aromân
  15. Atlasul Lingvistic al Dialectului Aromân
  16. Dialectul Meglenoromân

Sources
  • Agard, Frederick Browning (1984). A Course in Romance Linguistics Volume 2: A Diachronic View. Georgetown University Press. ISBN 0-87840-074-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hall, Robert A., Jr. (1950). "The Reconstruction of Proto-Romance". Language. Linguistic Society of America. 26 (1): 6–27. doi:10.2307/410406.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Harris, Martin (1997). "The Romance Languages". In Harris, Martin; Vincent, Nigel (eds.). The Romance Languages. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1–25. ISBN 978-0-415-16417-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (2019). "Catalogue of languages and families". Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Posner, Rebecca (1996). The Romance Languages. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52-128139-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Sampson, Rodney (1999). Nasal Vowel Evolution in Romance. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823848-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Schulte, Kim (2009). "Loanwords in Romanian". In Haspelmath, Martin; Tadmor, Uri (eds.). Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 230–259. ISBN 978-3-11-021843-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Swiggers, Pierre (2011). "Mapping the Romance Languages of Europe". In Lameli, Alfred; Kehrein, Roland; Rabanus, Stefan (eds.). Language Mapping: Part I. Part II: Maps. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 269–301. ISBN 978-3-11-021916-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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