International Olympiad in Informatics

IOI 2009's banner above the competition room

On each of the two competition days, the students are typically given three problems which they have to solve in five hours. Each student works on his/her own, with only a computer and no other help allowed, specifically no communication with other contestants, books etc. Usually to solve a task the contestant has to write a computer program (in C, C++, Pascal, or Java[2]) and submit it before the five-hour competition time ends. The program is graded by being run with secret test data. From IOI 2010, tasks are divided into subtasks with graduated difficulty, and points are awarded only when all tests for a particular subtask yield correct results, within specific time and memory limits. In some cases, the contestant's program has to interact with a secret computer library, which allows problems where the input is not fixed, but depends on the program's actions – for example in game problems. Another type of problem has known inputs which are publicly available already during the five hours of the contest. For these, the contestants have to submit an output file instead of a program, and it is up to them whether they obtain the output files by writing a program (possibly exploiting special characteristics of the input), or by hand, or by a combination of these means. Pascal will have been removed as an available programming language by 2019.[3]^:11

IOI 2010 for the first time had a live web scoreboard with real-time provisional results. Submissions will be scored as soon as possible during the contest, and the results posted. Contestants will be aware of their scores, but not others', and may resubmit to improve their scores. Starting from 2012, IOI has been using the Contest Management System (CMS) for developing and monitoring the contest.

The scores from the two competition days and all problems are summed up separately for each contestant. At the awarding ceremony, contestants are awarded medals depending on their relative total score. The top 50% of the contestants are awarded medals, such that the relative number of gold : silver : bronze : no medal is approximately 1:2:3:6 (thus 1/12 of the contestants get a gold medal).

The competition room at the IOI 2006

Front

Back

A bronze medal from IOI 2006 in Mexico

In front of the competition room at the IOI 2007

Prior to IOI 2010, students who did not receive medals did not have their scores published, making it impossible for a country to be ranked by adding together scores of its competitors unless each wins a medal. From IOI 2010, although the scores of students who did not receive medals are still not available in the official results, they are known from the live web scoreboard. In IOI 2012 the top 3 nations ranked by aggregate score (Russia, China and USA) were subsequently awarded during the closing ceremony.

Analysis of female performance shows 77.9 % of women obtain no medal, while 49.2 % of men obtain no medal. "The average female participation was 4.4% in 1989–1994 and 2.2% in 1996–2014." It also suggests women participate much more on the national level, claiming sometimes a double-digit percentage of women participate on the first stage.[4] President of the IOI, Richard Forster, says the competition has difficulty attracting women and that in spite of trying to solve it, "none of us have hit on quite what the problem is, let alone the solution."[1]

In IOI 2017 held in Iran, due to not being able to participate in Iran, the Israeli students participated in an offsite competition organized by IOI in Russia.[3]^:11 Due to visa issues, the full USA team was unable to attend, although one contestant Zhezheng Luo[5] was able to attend by traveling with the Chinese team[6] and winning gold medal and 3rd place in standings.[7]

In IOI 2019 held in Azerbaijan, the Armenia team did not participate due to the dispute between the two countries.

For 2020, due to COVID-19 pandemic, the IOI 2020 which will be originally scheduled to host in Singapore in July, is postponed to September, and later converted to online format. Singapore will host the onsite IOI 2021, replacing Egypt which will host IOI 2024.

The following is a list of the top performers in the history of the IOI.[11] The ^P sign indicates a perfect score, a rare achievement in IOI history. The ^U sign indicates an unofficial participation, where a contestant participated in a host's second team. Also, first (I), second (II) and third (III) places among gold medalists are indicated where appropriate. This list includes only those countries where the national selection contest allows the same participant to go multiple times to the IOI.

Most participating countries use feeder competitions to select their team. A number of these are listed below:

1.^a IOI 2020 virtual closing ceremony will be held on September 23, 2020.

• List of computer science awards
• International Science Olympiad
• ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest
• Central European Olympiad in Informatics
• Online judge
• International Mathematical Olympiad

Wikimedia Commons has media related to International Olympiad in Informatics.

• International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) community (hosted on Commonlounge)
• IOI International Committee Website
• IOI Statistics
• IOI Secretariat Website