Caturiges

The Caturiges (Gaulish: "kings of combat"; Latin: Caturĭges, Greek: Κατόριγες) were a Gallic tribe, dwelling in the Alpes Cottiae, around present-day Chorges and Embrun.[1]

Name

They are mentioned as Caturiges by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC) and Pliny (1st c. AD),[2][3] and as Katourgídōn (Κατουργίδων) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).[4][5]

The name Caturiges ('kings of combat') stems from Gaulish catu ('combat, battle') attached to riges ('kings').[6][7]

The city of Chorges, attested as Caturrigas in the 4th c. CE (Cadorgas in 1062, Chaorgias in 1338) is named after the tribe.[8]

Geography

The territory of the Caturiges was located on the upper course of the Durance river.[1] The Caturiges were initially encompassed in the Roman province of Alpes Cottiae, then in the province of Alpes Maritimae after the reign of Diocletian (284–305 CE).[1]

Their capitals were Caturigomagus (modern Chorges) and Eburodunum (modern Embrun).[1]

History

In the mid-first century BCE, the Caturiges are mentioned by Julius Caesar as a tribe hostile to Rome.[1]

... Here (in the Alps) the Ceutrones and the Graioceli and the Caturiges, having taken possession of the higher parts, attempt to obstruct the army in their march. After having routed these in several battles, he arrives in the territories of the Vocontii in the Further Province on the seventh day from Ocelum, which is the most remote town of the Hither Province; thence he leads his army into the country of the Allobroges, ...[9]

They were eventually conquered under Augustus.[1]

See also

References
  1. Graßl 2006.
  2. Caesar. Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 1:10:4
  3. Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:137; 3:125
  4. Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 3:1:35
  5. Falileyev 2010, p. entry 3863.
  6. Lambert 1994, p. 36.
  7. Delamarre 2003, p. 111.
  8. Nègre 1990, p. 153.
  9. Caesar, Bell. Gall. I 10,4

Bibliography
  • Delamarre, Xavier (2003). Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental (in French). Errance. ISBN 9782877723695.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
  • Graßl, Herbert (2006). "Caturiges". Brill’s New Pauly.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lambert, Pierre-Yves (1994). La langue gauloise: description linguistique, commentaire d'inscriptions choisies (in French). Errance. ISBN 978-2-87772-089-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Nègre, Ernest (1990). Toponymie générale de la France (in French). Librairie Droz. ISBN 978-2-600-02883-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.