Callirrhoe (moon)

Callirrhoe (/kəˈlɪroʊ.iː/;[5] Greek: Καλλιρρόη), also known as Jupiter XVII, is one of Jupiter's outer natural satellites. It is an irregular moon that orbits in a retrograde direction. Callirrhoe was imaged by Spacewatch at Kitt Peak National Observatory from October 6 through November 4, 1999,[2] and originally designated as asteroid (1999 UX18).[3][6] It was discovered to be in orbit around Jupiter by Tim Spahr on July 18, 2000, and then given the designation S/1999 J 1.[1][7] It was the 17th confirmed moon of Jupiter.[2]

Callirrhoe
Spacewatch image from 1999
Discovery[1]
Discovered bySpacewatch
Discovery siteKitt Peak National Observatory[2]
Discovery dateOctober 1999
Designations
Designation
Jupiter XVII
Orbital characteristics [4]
24102000 km
Eccentricity0.283
−758.82 d (2.1 yr)
321.7°
Inclination147.080°
283.104°
49.3°
Satellite ofJupiter
GroupPasiphae group
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7
Albedo0.04 (assumed)
20.8

    Callirrhoe has an apparent magnitude of 20.7,[8] making it even fainter than dwarf planet Eris at magnitude 18.7.[9] Jupiter is about 2.5 billion times brighter than Callirrhoe.[10]

    Callirrhoe is about 8.6 kilometers in diameter,[8] and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 24.1 million kilometers in 758 days, at an inclination of 141° to the ecliptic (140° to Jupiter's equator) with an eccentricity of 0.28. This object was probably captured long ago from a heliocentric orbit and the Sun's gravitational influence makes this orbit highly erratic.[2]

    It was named in October 2002 after Callirrhoe, daughter of the river god Achelous, one of Zeus' (Jupiter's) many conquests.[11]

    It belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 million kilometers, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°.

    As a navigation exercise, the New Horizons spacecraft imaged Callirrhoe on January 10, 2007.[12]

    References
    1. Brian G. Marsden (July 20, 2000). "IAUC 7460: S/1999 J 1". IAU. Archived from the original on April 26, 2006. Retrieved November 22, 2005.
    2. "New Outer Satellite of Jupiter Discovered". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
    3. "New moon of Jupiter found". SpaceFlight Now (University of Arizona News Release). Retrieved July 23, 2009.
    4. S.S. Sheppard (2019), Moons of Jupiter, Carnegie Science, on line
    5. Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    6. MPS 7418 (Minor Planet Circulars Supplement); not available on-line
    7. MPEC 2000-Y16: S/1975 J 1 = S/2000 J 1, S/1999 J 1 2000-12-19 (discovery and ephemeris)
    8. "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL (Solar System Dynamics). April 3, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
    9. "AstDys (136199) Eris Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
    10. (5th root of 100)^(20.7-(-2.8))=2.51 billion
    11. IAUC 7998: Satellites of Jupiter 2002 October 22 (naming the moon)
    12. "New Horizons Jupiter Encounter Timeline". www.planetary.org.
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