Wayne Dyer

Wayne Dyer
Dyer in 2009
Born	(1940-05-10)May 10, 1940 Detroit, Michigan, US
Died	August 29, 2015(2015-08-29) (aged 75) Maui County, Hawaii, US
Occupation	Teacher, author, philosopher , motivator
Children	8

Wayne Walter Dyer (May 10, 1940 – August 29, 2015) was an American philosopher, self-help author, and a motivational speaker. His first book, Your Erroneous Zones (1976), is one of the best-selling books of all time, with an estimated 35 million copies sold to date.^[1]

Early life

Dyer was born in Detroit, Michigan, to Melvin Lyle Dyer and Hazel Irene Vollick, and spent much of his first ten years in an orphanage on the east side of Detroit,^[2] after his father walked out on the family, leaving his mother to raise three small boys.^[3] After graduating from Denby High School, Dyer served in the United States Navy from 1958 to 1962. He received his Ed.D. degree in counseling from Wayne State University^[4] for a dissertation titled Group Counseling Leadership Training in Counselor Education, under the supervision of Mildred Peters.^[5]

Career

Dyer, a Detroit native,^[6] worked as a high school guidance counselor there and as a professor of counseling psychology at St. John's University in New York City.^[2] He pursued an academic career, published in journals, and established a private therapy practice. His lectures at St. John's University, which focused on positive thinking and motivational speaking techniques, attracted many students. A literary agent persuaded Dyer to document his theories in his first book, called Your Erroneous Zones (1976). Dyer quit his teaching job and began a publicity tour of the United States, doggedly pursuing bookstore appearances and media interviews ("out of the back of his station wagon", according to Michael Korda, making the best-seller lists "before book publishers even noticed what was happening"^[7]). After Your Erroneous Zones dozens more books followed, many of them also best-sellers.^[6] Among them were Wishes Fulfilled, Excuses Begone and The Sky’s the Limit. The success of these books eventually led to national television talk show appearances including The Merv Griffin Show, The Tonight Show, and The Phil Donahue Show.^[2]

Dyer proceeded to build on his success with lecture tours, a series of audiotapes, PBS programs, and regular publication of new books. Dyer's message resonated with many in the New Thought Movement and beyond. He often recounted anecdotes from his family life and repeatedly used his own life experience as an example. His self-made man success story was a part of his appeal.^[2] Dyer told readers to pursue self actualization, calling reliance on the self a guide to "religious" experience, and suggested that readers emulate Jesus Christ, whom he termed both an example of a self-actualized person and a "preacher of self-reliance".^[8] Dyer criticized societal focus on guilt, which he saw as an unhealthy immobilization in the present due to actions taken in the past. He encouraged readers to see how parents, institutions, and even they, themselves, had imposed guilt trips upon themselves.^[9]

Although Dyer initially resisted the spiritual tag, by the 1990s he had altered his message to include more components of spirituality when he wrote the book Real Magic and discussed higher consciousness in the book Your Sacred Self.^[2][10]

Influences

Wayne Dyer stated Nisargadatta Maharaj to be his Teacher and cited the quotation, "Love says: 'I am everything'. Wisdom says: 'I am nothing' from a compilation of talks on Shiva Advaita (Nondualism) philosophy I Am That. He was influenced by Abraham Maslow's concept of self-actualization and by the teachings of Swami Muktananda, whom he considered to be his Master.^[11][12] In his book, Wishes Fulfilled; Mastering the Art of Manifesting, Dr. Dyer also credited Saint Francis of Assisi and the Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu as foundational influences in his work.^[13]

Criticism

Psychologist Albert Ellis wrote that Dyer's book Your Erroneous Zones was probably "the worst example" of plagiarism of Ellis' Rational Emotive Therapy (RET).^[14] In a 1985 letter to Dyer, Ellis claimed that Dyer had participated in an Ellis workshop on RET before he published Your Erroneous Zones, in which Dyer appeared to understand RET very well. Ellis added that "300 or more people have voluntarily told me... that [the book] was clearly derived from RET." Dyer never apologized nor expressed any sense of wrongdoing. Ellis admonished Dyer for unethically and unprofessionally failing to credit Ellis's work as the book's primary source, but expressed overall gratitude for Dyer's work, writing: "Your Erroneous Zones is a good book, ... it has helped a great number of people, and ... it outlines the main principles of RET quite well,... with great simplicity and clarity."^[15] In the book Your Erroneous Zones, Dyer makes reference to Albert Ellis in chapter seven.

In 2010, author Stephen Mitchell filed a lawsuit against Dyer for plagiarism, accusing him of taking 200 lines of his interpretation of the Tao Te Ching for his books Living the Wisdom of the Tao and Change Your Thoughts – Change Your Life.^[16] The suit was dismissed in 2011 after Dyer and Mitchell agreed to a settlement.^[17]

Personal life

Dyer was married three times. With his first wife, Judy, he had a daughter. With his second wife, Susan Casselman, he had no children. With his third wife, Marcelene, he had five children, and two stepchildren from Marcelene's prior marriage. Wayne and Marcelene legally separated in 2001, after 20 years of marriage.^[18]

Death

Dyer died from a heart attack, said his publicist, Lindsay McGinty on Maui, Hawaii^[6] on August 29, 2015, at age 75.^[21][22][23] He had been diagnosed with leukemia in 2009.^[24]

Bibliography

Films

• Ambition to Meaning (January 2009), rereleased as The Shift (April 2009) by Hay House
• Day & Night (2010), an animated short film created by Pixar, featuring an excerpt from one of Dyer's lectures and voiced by Dyer, which was shown with Toy Story 3 (2010) during the latter movie's opening in the U.S.^[25]

See also

• List of New Thought writers
• New Thought
• Spirituality

References

External links

• Official website
• Wayne Dyer at Find a Grave