United States House of Representatives elections, 1910

United States House of Representatives elections, 1910
November 8, 1910[lower-alpha 1]
All 394 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives[lower-alpha 2]
198 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Champ Clark James Mann
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since March 4, 1909 March 4, 1911
Leader's seat Missouri 9th Illinois 2nd
Last election 172 seats 219 seats[lower-alpha 3]
Seats won 230[1][2] 163[1][2][lower-alpha 4]
Seat change Increase 58 Decrease 56
  Third party
 
Party Socialist
Last election 0 seats
Seats won 1[1][2]
Seat change Increase 1
Speaker before election

Joseph Cannon
Republican

 Elected Speaker

Champ Clark
Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1910 were held for members of the 62nd Congress, in the middle of President William Howard Taft's term.

The conservative Taft contended with major factional splits within his Republican Party. Instead of using his position as president to bridge compromise, Taft alienated the progressive wing of the party, which had championed his predecessor, Theodore Roosevelt. While conservatives controlled the largest number of elected positions for Republicans, progressive politics had been what brought many voters to the polls. The clash of these units of the Republican Party, combined with the message of unity from the Democratic Party, was enough to allow the Democrats to take control of the House, ending 16 years in opposition. Also, the first-ever Socialist won a seat during the elections.

Election summaries

↓
230 1 1 162
Democratic S PR Republican

Three seats were added for the new states of New Mexico (2), and Arizona (1).

State Type Total
seats		 Democratic Republican Socialist
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Alabama Districts 9 9 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Arizona[lower-alpha 5] At-large 1 1 Increase 1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Arkansas Districts 7 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
California Districts 8 1 Increase 1 7 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Colorado Districts
+ at-large		 3 3 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Connecticut Districts
+ at-large		 5 1 Increase 1 4 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Delaware At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Florida Districts 3 3 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Georgia Districts 11 11 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Idaho At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Illinois Districts 25 11 Increase 5 14 Decrease 5 0 Steady
Indiana Districts 13 12 Increase 1 1 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Iowa Districts 11 1 Steady 10 Steady 0 Steady
Kansas Districts 8 0 Steady 8 Steady 0 Steady
Kentucky Districts 11 9 Increase 1 2 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Louisiana Districts 7 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Maine[lower-alpha 6] Districts 4 2 Increase 2 2 Decrease 2 0 Steady
Maryland Districts 6 5 Increase 2 1 Decrease 2 0 Steady
Massachusetts Districts 14 4 Increase 1 10 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Michigan Districts 12 2 Increase 2 10 Decrease 2 0 Steady
Minnesota Districts 9 1 Steady 8 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi Districts 8 8 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Missouri Districts 16 14 Increase 4 2 Decrease 4 0 Steady
Montana At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Nebraska Districts 6 3 Steady 3 Steady 0 Steady
Nevada At-large 1 0 Decrease 1 1 Increase 1 0 Steady
New Hampshire Districts 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
New Jersey Districts 10 7 Increase 4 3 Decrease 4 0 Steady
New Mexico[lower-alpha 5] At-large 2 1 Increase 1 1 Increase 1 0 Steady
New York Districts 37 22 Increase 11 15[lower-alpha 4] Decrease 11 0 Steady
North Carolina Districts 10 10 Increase 3 0 Decrease 3 0 Steady
North Dakota Districts 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Ohio Districts 21 16 Increase 8 5 Decrease 8 0 Steady
Oklahoma Districts 5 3 Increase 1 2 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Oregon Districts 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Pennsylvania Districts 32 9 Increase 4 23 Decrease 4 0 Steady
Rhode Island Districts 2 1 Increase 1 1 Decrease 1 0 Steady
South Carolina Districts 7 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
South Dakota At-large 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Tennessee Districts 10 8 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Texas Districts 16 16 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Utah At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Vermont[lower-alpha 6] Districts 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Virginia Districts 10 9 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Washington Districts 3 0 Steady 3 Steady 0 Steady
West Virginia Districts 5 4 Increase 4 1 Decrease 4 0 Steady
Wisconsin Districts 11 2 Increase 1 8 Decrease 2 1 Increase 1
Wyoming At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Total[lower-alpha 2] 394 230[lower-alpha 4]
58.4%		 Increase 58 163[lower-alpha 4]
41.4%		 Decrease 56 1
0.3%		 Increase 1
House seats
Democratic
 
 58.38%
Republican
 
 41.37%
Socialist
 
 0.25%
[[File:62 us house membership.png|thumb|450px|
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% Democratic
  80+% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican
]]		 [[File:62 us house changes.png|thumb|450px|
Net gain in party representation
  6+ Democratic gain
  
  6+ Republican gain
  3-5 Democratic gain
  
  3-5 Republican gain
  1-2 Democratic gain
  1-2 Socialist gain
  1-2 Republican gain
  no net change
]]

Election dates

In 1910, two states, with 6 seats between them, held elections early:

Two newly admitted states held elections late: New Mexico held its first Congressional election on November 7, 1911 and, Arizona held its on December 11, 1911.

Arizona

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates
Arizona at-large None (New state) New state.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.		 √ Carl Hayden (Democratic) 54.1%
John S. Williams (Republican) 39.7%
John Halberg (Socialist) 5.9%
Eugene W. Chafin (Prohibition) 0.4%

California

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates
California 1 William F. Englebright Republican 1906 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.		 √ John E. Raker (Democratic) 45.4%
William F. Englebright (Republican) 45.1%
William Morgan (Socialist) 8.8%
C. H. Essex (Prohibition) 0.7%
California 2 Duncan E. McKinlay Republican 1904 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.		 √ William Kent (Republican) 50.1%
I. G. Zumwalt (Democratic) 44%
W. H. Ferber (Socialist) 5.2%
Henry P. Stipp (Prohibition) 0.7%
California 3 Joseph R. Knowland Republican 1904 Incumbent re-elected. √ Joseph R. Knowland (Republican) 81.9%
S. Miller (Socialist) 15.9%
James N. Christian (Prohibition) 2.2%
California 4 Julius Kahn Republican 1898 Incumbent re-elected. √ Julius Kahn (Republican) 56.5%
Walter MacArthur (Democratic) 36.8%
Austin Lewis (Socialist) 6.5%
E. F. Dinsmore (Prohibition) 0.2%
California 5 Everis A. Hayes Republican 1904 Incumbent re-elected. √ Everis A. Hayes (Republican) 59.4%
Thomas E. Hayden (Democratic) 27.4%
E. L. Reguin (Socialist) 12.6%
T. E. Caton (Proh.) 0.6%
California 6 James C. Needham Republican 1898 Incumbent re-elected. √ James C. Needham (Republican) 47.3%
A. L. Cowell (Democratic) 44.2%
Richard Kirk (Socialist) 6.2%
Ira E. Surface (Proh.) 2.3%
California 7 James McLachlan Republican 1900 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.		 √ William Stephens (Republican) 58.7%
Lorin A. Handley (Democratic) 21.5%
Thomas W. Williams (Socialist) 16.6%
C. V. LeFontaine (Proh.) 3.2%
California 8 Sylvester C. Smith Republican 1904 Incumbent re-elected. √ Sylvester C. Smith (Republican) 50.5%
William G. Irving (Democratic) 33.9%
George A. Garrett (Socialist) 13.1%
James S. Edwards (Proh.) 2.5%

Florida

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates
Florida 1 Stephen M. Sparkman Democratic 1894 Incumbent re-elected. √ Stephen M. Sparkman (Democratic) 81.8%
C. C. Allen (Socialist) 18.2%
Florida 2 Frank Clark Democratic 1904 Incumbent re-elected. √ Frank Clark (Democratic) 78.5%
Thomas W. Cox (Socialist) 12.2%
Thomas C. Buddington (Republican) 9.3%
Florida 3 Dannite H. Mays Democratic 1908 Incumbent re-elected. √ Dannite H. Mays (Democratic) 89.6%
Eric Vonaxelson (Democratic) 10.4%

New Mexico

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates
New Mexico at-large None (New state) New state.
New member elected.
Republican gain.		 √ George Curry (Republican) 25.0%
√ Harvey B. Fergusson (Democratic) 24.9%
Elfego Baca (Republican) 23.7%
Paz Valverde (Democratic) 23.5%
J. W. Hansen (Socialist) 1.5%
C. Cutting (Socialist) 1.4%
New state.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.

South Carolina

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates
South Carolina 1 George Swinton Legaré Democratic 1902 Incumbent re-elected. √ George Swinton Legaré (Democratic) 97.4%
Aaron P. Prioleau (Republican) 2.1%
William Eberhard (Socialist) 0.5%
South Carolina 2 James O'H. Patterson Democratic 1904 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold		 √ James F. Byrnes (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 3 Wyatt Aiken Democratic 1902 Incumbent re-elected. √ Wyatt Aiken (Democratic) 99.9%
Others 0.1%
South Carolina 4 Joseph T. Johnson Democratic 1900 Incumbent re-elected. √ Joseph T. Johnson (Democratic) 98.9%
Thomas Brier (Republican) 1.1%
South Carolina 5 David E. Finley Democratic 1898 Incumbent re-elected. √ David E. Finley (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 6 J. Edwin Ellerbe Democratic 1904 Incumbent re-elected. √ J. Edwin Ellerbe (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 7 Asbury F. Lever Democratic 1901 (special) Incumbent re-elected. √ Asbury F. Lever (Democratic) 95.6%
R. H. Richardson (Republican) 4.3%
Others 0.1%

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Maine and Vermont held elections early, in September 1910. Two newly admitted states, New Mexico and Arizona, held their elections late, in November and December 1911, respectively.
  2. 1 2 Including late elections
  3. ↑ Including one Independent Republican.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Including one Progressive Republican member, Theron Akin, of NY-25.
  5. 1 2 New state
  6. 1 2 Elections held early.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Martis, pp. 164–165.

Bibliography

  • Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
  • Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
  • "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
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