United States House of Representatives elections, 1804 and 1805
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Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 9th Congress were held at various dates in each state between April 24, 1804 (in New York) and August 5, 1805 (in Tennessee). The Congress first met on December 2, 1805. The elections occurred at the same time as President Thomas Jefferson's re-election.
Under Jefferson's popular administration, his party continued to gain seats in the House. Territorial acquisitions from the Louisiana Purchase and economic expansion gave voters a positive view of the Democratic-Republicans, whose majority, already commanding in the 8th Congress, now surpassed three-quarters of the total membership. Following this election, Federalists were able to secure few seats outside of New England and party legitimacy deteriorated as political thought turned away from Federalist ideals perceived to be elitist and anti-democratic.
Election summaries
| 114 | 28 |
| Democratic-Republican | Federalist |
| State | Type | ↑ Date |
Total seats |
Democratic- Republican |
Federalist | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| New York | Districts | April 24–26, 1804 | 17 | 15 |  |
2 |  |
| Kentucky | Districts | August 6, 1804 | 6 | 6 |  |
0 | |
| North Carolina | Districts | August 10, 1804 | 12 | 12 | |
0 | |
| New Hampshire | At-large | August 27, 1804 | 5 | 0 | |
5 | |
| Rhode Island | At-large | August 28, 1804 | 2 | 2 | |
0 | |
| Vermont | Districts | September 4, 1804[lower-alpha 1] | 4 | 2 | |
2 | |
| Connecticut | At-large | September 17, 1804 | 7 | 0 | |
7 | |
| Maryland | Districts | October 1, 1804 | 9 | 7 | |
2 | |
| Delaware | At-large | October 2, 1804 | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
| Georgia | At-large | October 2, 1804 | 4 | 4 | |
0 | |
| South Carolina | Districts | October 8–9, 1804 | 8 | 8 | |
0 | |
| Ohio | At-large | October 9, 1804 | 1 | 1 | |
0 | |
| Pennsylvania | Districts | October 9, 1804 | 18 | 17 | |
1 | |
| Massachusetts | Districts | November 5, 1804 | 17 | 10 | |
7 | |
| New Jersey | At-large | November 6–7, 1804 | 6 | 6 | |
0 | |
| Late elections (After the March 4, 1805 beginning of the next Congress) | |||||||
| Virginia | Districts | April 1805 | 22 | 21 | |
1 | |
| Tennessee | Districts | August 4–5, 1805 | 3 | 3 | |
0 | |
| Total | 142 | 114 80.3% |
|
28 19.7% |
| ||
Special elections
There were special elections in 1804 and 1805 during the 8th United States Congress and 9th United States Congress.
Elections are sorted here by date then district.
8th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 1 | John Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1799 (Special) | Incumbent resigned February 22, 1804. New member elected April 24–26, 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated November 5, 1804.[2] Successor was not elected to the next term on the same ballot, see below. |
√ Samuel Riker (Democratic-Republican) 36.8% Eliphalet Wickes (Democratic-Republican) 36.1% Joshua Smith (Federalist) 27.1%[3] |
| Massachusetts 12 | Thomson J. Skinner | Democratic-Republican | 1796 (Special) 1799 (Retired) 1803 |
Incumbent resigned August 10, 1804. New member elected September 17, 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated November 5, 1804.[2] Successor was not a candidate for the next term, see below. |
√ Simon Larned (Democratic-Republican) 61.9% Daniel Dewey (Federalist) 38.1%[4] |
| Maryland 4 | Daniel Hiester | Democratic-Republican | 1788 (Pennsylvania) 1796 (Resigned) 1801 (Maryland) |
Incumbent died March 7, 1804. New member elected October 1, 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated November 6, 1804.[2] Successor was also elected on the same day to the next term, see below. |
√ Roger Nelson (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed[5] |
| Virginia 13 | John Johns Trigg | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent died May 17, 1804. New member elected October 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated November 5, 1804.[2] Successor was later elected to the next term, see below. |
√ Christopher H. Clark (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed[6] |
| Pennsylvania 10 | William Hoge | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent resigned October 15, 1804. New member elected November 2, 1804 to finish his brother's term.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated November 27, 1804.[2] Successor was not a candidate to the next term, see below. |
√ John Hoge (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 2] 52.1% Aaron Lyle (Democratic-Republican) 47.9%[7] |
| Virginia 5 | Andrew Moore | Democratic-Republican | 1789 | Incumbent resigned to become U.S. Senator. New member elected November 13, 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 4, 1804.[2] Successor was later elected to the next term, see below. |
√ Alexander Wilson (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed[8] |
| New York 3 | Samuel L. Mitchill | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent resigned November 22, 1804 to become U.S. Senator. New member elected January 2–4, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated February 14, 1805.[2] Successor was also elected on the same day to the next term, see below. |
√ George Clinton (Democratic-Republican) 88.5% James Smith 5.4% James Woods 4.3% Thomas Van Pelt 0.8% Scattering 1.0%[9] |
9th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 2 | Daniel D. Tompkins | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Representative-elect declined the seat to become associate justice of the New York Supreme Court. New member elected September 11–13, 1804.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 2, 1805.[10] |
√ Gurdon S. Mumford (Democratic-Republican) 84.2% George I. Warner (Unknown) 15.8%[11] |
| New York 3 | Samuel L. Mitchill | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent resigned November 22, 1804 to become U.S. Senator. New member elected January 2–4, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 2, 1805.[10] Successor was also elected on the same day to finish the previous term, see above. |
√ George Clinton (Democratic-Republican) 89.1%% James Smith 5.2% James Woods 4.3% Thomas Van Pelt 0.3% Scattering 0.5%[12] |
| North Carolina 5 | James Gillespie | Democratic-Republican | 1793 1799 (Lost) 1801 (Lost) 1803 |
Representative-elect died January 5, 1805. New member elected August 8, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 2, 1805.[10] |
√ Thomas Kenan (Democratic-Republican) 65.3% Benjamin Smith (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 3] 34.7%[13] |
| Connecticut at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Calvin Goddard | Federalist | 1801 (Special) | Incumbent/representative-elect resigned. New member elected September 16, 1805.[1][lower-alpha 4] Federalist hold. Successor seated December 10, 1805[10] |
√ Timothy Pitkin (Federalist) √ Lewis B. Sturges (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing.] |
| Roger Griswold | Federalist | 1794 | Incumbent/representative-elect resigned. New member elected September 16, 1805.[1][lower-alpha 4] Federalist hold. Successor seated December 2, 1805.[10] | ||
| South Carolina 8 | John B. Earle | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent/representative-elect resigned. New member elected September 26–27, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Elias Earle (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing.] |
| Delaware at-large | James A. Bayard | Federalist | 1796 | Representative-elect declined the seat to become U.S. Senator. New member elected October 1, 1805.[1] Federalist hold. |
√ James M. Broom (Federalist) 52.6% David Hall (Democratic-Republican) 46.9% Isaac H. Starr (Democratic-Republican) 0.4% Hugh W. Richie <0.1%[14] |
| Pennsylvania 4 | John A. Hanna | Democratic-Republican | 1796 | Representative-elect died July 23, 1805. New member elected October 8, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Robert Whitehill (Democratic-Republican) 70.7% James Duncan (Federalist) 29.3%[15] |
| Pennsylvania 11 | John B. Lucas | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Representative-elect declined the seat. New member elected October 8, 1805.[1] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor was seated December 2, 1805.[10] |
√ Samuel Smith (Democratic-Republican) 52.8% James O'Hara (Federalist) 35.9% Nathaniel Irish (Constitutionalist) 11.2%[16] |
| Indiana Territory at-large | None (District created). | New delegate elected December 12, 1805 on the third ballot.[17] Federalist gain. |
First ballot: Benjamin Parke (Federalist) 5 votes Thomas J. Davis 5 votes Jesse B. Thomas 1 vote[17] Second ballot: Benjamin Parke (Federalist) 5 votes Thomas J. Davis 5 votes "Mr. Bond" 1 vote[17] Third ballot: √ Benjamin Parke (Federalist) 7 votes Thomas J. Davis 4 votes[17] | ||
Connecticut
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket |
Calvin Goddard | Federalist | 1801 (special) | Incumbent re-elected but declined to serve, leading to a special election, see above. | √ Calvin Goddard (Federalist) 15.1% √ Samuel W. Dana (Federalist) 14.9% √ John Davenport (Federalist) 14.4% √ Roger Griswold (Federalist) 14.4% √ Benjamin Tallmadge (Federalist) 13.3% √ John Cotton Smith (Federalist) 11.4% √ Jonathan O. Moseley (Federalist) 10.8% Timothy Pitkin (Federalist) 3.1% Lewis B. Sturges (Federalist) 0.7% Theodore Dwight (Federalist) 0.5% Others 1.4% |
| Samuel W. Dana | Federalist | 1796 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Davenport | Federalist | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Roger Griswold | Federalist | 1794 | Incumbent re-elected but declined to serve, leading to a special election, see above. | ||
| Benjamin Tallmadge | Federalist | 1801 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Cotton Smith | Federalist | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Simeon Baldwin | Federalist | 1803 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. |
Delaware
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delaware at-large | Caesar A. Rodney | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Federalist gain. Successor declined to serve, leading to a special election, see above. |
√ James A. Bayard (Federalist) 52.1% Caesar A. Rodney (Democratic-Republican) 47.9% |
Georgia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgia at-large 4 seats on a general ticket |
Peter Early | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Peter Early (Democratic-Republican) 24.2% √ David Meriwether (Democratic-Republican) 22.9% √ Joseph Bryan (Democratic-Republican) 21.3% √ Cowles Mead (Democratic-Republican) 10.9% Thomas Spalding (Democratic-Republican) 10.5% Thomas Carr 6.7% Obadiah Jones 2.4% Thomas U.P. Charlton 1.2% |
| David Meriwether | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph Bryan | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Samuel Hammond | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. Election was later contested and a new successor named. |
Kentucky
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky 1 | Matthew Lyon | Democratic-Republican | 1797 (in Vermont) 1803 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Matthew Lyon (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Samuel Hopkins |
| Kentucky 2 | John Boyle | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Boyle (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Unopposed[18] |
| Kentucky 3 | Matthew Walton | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Matthew Walton (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Unopposed[18] |
| Kentucky 4 | Thomas Sandford | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Sandford (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Unopposed[18] |
| Kentucky 5 | John Fowler | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Fowler (Democratic-Republican) 61.9% Benjamin Howard (Democratic-Republican) 38.1% |
| Kentucky 6 | George M. Bedinger | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ George M. Bedinger (Democratic-Republican) 70.1% Robert H. Grayson (Democratic-Republican) 17.6% Philemon Thomas (Democratic-Republican) 12.3% |
Maryland
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[lower-alpha 6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland 1 | John Campbell | Federalist | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Campbell (Federalist) 99.6% |
| Maryland 2 | Walter Bowie | Democratic-Republican | 1802 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Leonard Covington (Democratic-Republican) 52.0% Archibald Van Horne (Democratic-Republican) 46.8% Clement Hill (Federalist) 1.1% |
| Maryland 3 | Thomas Plater | Federalist | 1801 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Patrick Magruder (Democratic-Republican) 56.0% Thomas Plater (Federalist) 44.0% |
| Maryland 4 | Daniel Hiester | Democratic-Republican | 1788 (Pennsylvania) 1796 (Resigned) 1801 (Maryland) |
Incumbent died March 7, 1804. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor was also elected on the same day to finish the current term, see above. |
√ Roger Nelson (Democratic-Republican) 98.5% Eli Williams (Federalist) 0.8% Scattering 0.7%[19] |
| Maryland 5 Plural district with 2 seats |
Nicholas R. Moore | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Nicholas R. Moore (Democratic-Republican) 50.9% √ William McCreery (Democratic-Republican) 46.3% Robert Goodloe Harper (Federalist) 1.8% Others 1.0% |
| William McCreery | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Maryland 6 | John Archer | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Archer (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Maryland 7 | Joseph H. Nicholson | Democratic-Republican | 1798 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph H. Nicholson (Democratic-Republican) 99.6% |
| Maryland 8 | John Dennis | Federalist | 1796 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. |
√ Charles Goldsborough (Federalist) 56.6% Henry Waggaman (Democratic-Republican) 43.4% |
Massachusetts
The majority requirement was met in all 17 districts in the 1804 elections.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[lower-alpha 6] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts 1 "Suffolk district" |
William Eustis | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Federalist gain. |
√ Josiah Quincy (Federalist) 51.0% William Eustis (Democratic-Republican) 49.0% | |
| Massachusetts 2 "Essex South district" |
Jacob Crowninshield | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Jacob Crowninshield (Democratic-Republican) 58.7% Nathan Read (Federalist) 41.2% | |
| Massachusetts 3 "Essex North district" |
Manasseh Cutler | Federalist | 1801 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. |
√ Jeremiah Nelson (Federalist) 56.8% Thomas Kitteridge (Democratic-Republican) 43.2% | |
| Massachusetts 4 "Middlesex district" |
Joseph Bradley Varnum | Democratic-Republican | 1794 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph Bradley Varnum (Democratic-Republican) 71.5% Timothy Bigelow (Federalist) 28.0% | |
| Massachusetts 5 "Hampshire South district" |
Thomas Dwight | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. |
√ William Ely (Federalist) 62.9% Samuel Fowler (Democratic-Republican) 36.7% | |
| Massachusetts 6 "Hampshire North district" |
Samuel Taggart | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Samuel Taggart (Federalist) 69.3% Solomon Snead (Democratic-Republican) 30.5% | |
| Massachusetts 7 "Plymouth district" |
Nahum Mitchell | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Joseph Barker (Democratic-Republican) 60.4% Nahum Mitchell (Federalist) 38.3% Others 1.3% | |
| Massachusetts 8 "Barnstable district" |
Lemuel Williams | Federalist | 1798 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Isaiah L. Green (Democratic-Republican) 60.1% Lemuel Williams (Federalist) 39.4% | |
| Massachusetts 9 "Bristol district" |
Phanuel Bishop | Democratic-Republican | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Phanuel Bishop (Democratic-Republican) 62.2% Nicholas Tillinghast (Federalist) 30.8% Josiah Deane (Democratic-Republican) 3.4% John Bowers (Federalist) 3.4% | |
| Massachusetts 10 "Worcester South district" |
Seth Hastings | Federalist | 1801 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Seth Hastings (Federalist) 51.2% Edward Bangs (Democratic-Republican) 48.8% | |
| Massachusetts 11 "Worcester North district" |
William Stedman | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Stedman (Federalist) 60.8% John Whiting (Democratic-Republican) 39.0% | |
| Massachusetts 12 "Berkshire district" |
Simon Larned | Democratic-Republican | 1804 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Barnabas Bidwell (Democratic-Republican) 59.7% Daniel Dewey (Federalist) 40.3% | |
| Massachusetts 13 "Norfolk district" |
Ebenezer Seaver | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Ebenezer Seaver (Democratic-Republican) 64.6% Thomas B. Adams (Federalist) 35.0% | |
| Massachusetts 14 "York district" (District of Maine) |
Richard Cutts | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Richard Cutts (Democratic-Republican) 51.9% Joseph Leland (Federalist) 31.4% Daniel Cleaves 16.7% | |
| Massachusetts 15 "Cumberland district" (District of Maine) |
Peleg Wadsworth | Federalist | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Peleg Wadsworth (Federalist) 63.8% William Widgery (Democratic-Republican) 19.1% Isaac Parsons (Democratic-Republican) 17.1% | |
| Massachusetts 12 "Lincoln district" (District of Maine) |
Samuel Thatcher | Federalist | 1802 (Special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Orchard Cook (Democratic-Republican) 54.6% Samuel Thatcher 45.4% | |
| Massachusetts 17 "Kennebec district" (District of Maine) |
Phineas Bruce | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ John Chandler (Democratic-Republican) 64.5% Benjamin Whitwell (Federalist) 35.5% | |
New Hampshire
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Hampshire at-large 5 seats on a general ticket |
Silas Betton | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Samuel Tenney (Federalist) 10.4% √ David Hough (Federalist) 10.4% √ Thomas W. Thompson (Federalist) 10.4% √ Silas Betton (Federalist) 10.4% √ Caleb Ellis (Federalist) 10.4% Nahum Parker (Democratic-Republican) 9.7% Ezra Bartlett (Democratic-Republican) 9.6% Thomas Cogswell (Democratic-Republican) 9.6% Clement Storer (Democratic-Republican) 9.6% Jedediah K. Smith (Democratic-Republican) 9.6% |
| Samuel Hunt | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. | ||
| Samuel Tenney | Federalist | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| David Hough | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clifton Clagett | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. |
New Jersey
The Federalist ticket was announced only a week before the election, with no active campaigning.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Adam Boyd | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Henry Southard (Democratic-Republican) 16.6% √ Ebenezer Elmer (Democratic-Republican) 16.6% √ John Lambert (Democratic-Republican) 16.6% √ William Helms (Democratic-Republican) 16.6% √ James Sloan (Democratic-Republican) 16.4% √ Ezra Darby (Democratic-Republican) 16.4% Aaron Ogden (Federalist) 0.2% Peter DeVroom (Federalist) 0.2% Franklin Davenport (Federalist) 0.1% James H. Imlay (Federalist) 0.1% Lambert Cadwalader (Federalist) 0.1% William Colfax (Federalist) 0.1% |
| Ebenezer Elmer | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William Helms | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James Mott | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. | ||
| Henry Southard | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James Sloan | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New York
New York held elections for the 9th Congress on April 24–26, 1804. For this year and the next election year, the 2nd and 3rd districts had combined returns, effectively a plural district with 2 seats, though still numbered as separate districts. At the time, District 2 consisted of only part of New York County, while District 3 consisted of the remainder of New York County plus Kings and Richmond Counties. By consolidating the two, it ensured that New York County would be combined into a single district.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York 1 | John Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1799 (Special) | Incumbent resigned February 22, 1804. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Eliphalet Wickes (Democratic-Republican) 35.8% Samuel Riker (Democratic-Republican) 35.6% Joshua Smith (Federalist) 28.6% |
| New York 2 and New York 3 Joint ticket |
Samuel L. Mitchill | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected but later resigned November 22, 1804 to become U.S. Senator, triggering a special election, see above. | √ Samuel L. Mitchill (Democratic-Republican) 27.8% √ Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican) 27.7% Nicholas Fish (Federalist) 22.3% Wynandt Van Zandt (Federalist) 22.2% |
| Joshua Sands | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected but declined the seat to become associate justice of the New York Supreme Court. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||
| New York 4 | Philip Van Courtlandt | Democratic-Republican | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Philip Van Courtlandt (Democratic-Republican) 64.8% John Herring (Democratic-Republican) 35.2% |
| New York 5 | Andrew McCord | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ John Blake Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 63.1% David M. Westcott (Federalist) 36.9% |
| New York 6 | Daniel C. Verplanck | Democratic-Republican | 1803 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Daniel C. Verplanck (Democratic-Republican) 58.0% Benjamin Akin (Federalist) 42.0% |
| New York 7 | Josiah Hasbrouck | Democratic-Republican | 1803 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Martin G. Schuneman (Democratic-Republican) 60.0% Gerrit Abeel (Federalist) 40.0% |
| New York 8 | Henry W. Livingston | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Henry W. Livingston (Federalist) 54.8% Edward P. Livingston (Democratic-Republican) 45.2% |
| New York 9 | Killian Van Rensselaer | Federalist | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Killian Van Rensselaer (Federalist) 56.4% David McCarty (Democratic-Republican) 43.6% |
| New York 10 | George Tibbits | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Josiah Masters (Democratic-Republican) 55.4% Jonathan Brown (Federalist) 44.6% |
| New York 11 | Beriah Palmer | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Peter Sailly (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| New York 12 | David Thomas | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ David Thomas (Democratic-Republican) 70.3% Reuben Skinner (Federalist) 29.7% |
| New York 13 | Thomas Sammons | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Sammons (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| New York 14 | Erastus Root | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ John Russell (Democratic-Republican) 85.8% Benjamin Gilbert (Federalist) 6.0% Solomon Martin (Federalist) 3.6% Erastus Root (Democratic-Republican) 3.6% Thomas R. Gold (Federalist) 1.0% |
| New York 15 | Gaylord Griswold | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Nathan Williams (Democratic-Republican) 57.4% Thomas R. Gold (Federalist) 42.6% |
| New York 16 | John Paterson | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Uri Tracy (Democratic-Republican) 62.8% Edward Edwards (Federalist) 37.2% |
| New York 17 | Oliver Phelps | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Silas Halsey (Democratic-Republican) 40.4% Nathaniel W. Howell (Federalist) 37.5% Joseph Grover (Democratic-Republican) 11.2% Peter Hughes (Democratic-Republican) 10.8% |
North Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[lower-alpha 6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina 1 | Thomas Wynns | Democratic-Republican | 1802 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Wynns (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Thomas Harvey |
| North Carolina 2 | Willis Alston | Democratic-Republican | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Willis Alston (Democratic-Republican) 66.6% John Binford (Federalist) 20.7% William R. Davie (Federalist) 12.7% |
| North Carolina 3 | William Kennedy | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Thomas Blount (Democratic-Republican) 51.4% William Kennedy (Democratic-Republican) 48.6% |
| North Carolina 4 | William Blackledge | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Blackledge (Democratic-Republican) 96.6% John Stanly (Federalist) 3.4% |
| North Carolina 5 | James Gillespie | Democratic-Republican | 1793 1803 |
Incumbent re-elected. Successor died January 5, 1805, triggering a special election. |
√ James Gillespie (Democratic-Republican) 52.5% Benjamin Smith (Federalist) 40.2% Samuel Ashe (Democratic-Republican) 7.3% |
| North Carolina 6 | Nathaniel Macon | Democratic-Republican | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Nathaniel Macon (Democratic-Republican) 99.9% |
| North Carolina 7 | Samuel D. Purviance | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Duncan McFarlan (Democratic-Republican) 36.8% Joseph Pickett (Federalist) 31.7% William Martin (Federalist) 31.1% |
| North Carolina 8 | Richard Stanford | Democratic-Republican | 1796 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Richard Stanford[lower-alpha 7] (Democratic-Republican) Duncan Cameron Archibald Murphey John Hinton Jr. |
| North Carolina 9 | Marmaduke Williams | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Marmaduke Williams (Democratic-Republican) 98.9% Theophilus Lacey (Democratic-Republican) 1.0% |
| North Carolina 10 | Nathaniel Alexander | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Nathaniel Alexander (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| North Carolina 11 | James Holland | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ James Holland (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| North Carolina 12 | Joseph Winston | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph Winston (Democratic-Republican) 57.0% Meshack Franklin (Democratic-Republican) 43.0% |
Ohio
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio at-large | Jeremiah Morrow | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Jeremiah Morrow (Democratic-Republican) 70.2% Elias Langham (Federalist) 29.4% Rufus Putnam 0.4% |
Pennsylvania
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[20] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 3 seats |
Joseph Clay | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph Clay (Democratic-Republican) 33.6% √ Jacob Richards (Democratic-Republican) 31.7% √ Michael Leib (Democratic-Republican) 18.0% William Penrose (Democratic-Republican) 16.7% |
| Jacob Richards | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Michael Leib | Democratic-Republican | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 3 seats |
Robert Brown | Democratic-Republican | 1798 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Pugh (Democratic-Republican) 32.2% √ Frederick Conrad (Democratic-Republican) 31.7% √ Robert Brown (Democratic-Republican) 21.8% John Ross (Quid) 13.0% Samuel Preston (Quid) 1.3% |
| Frederick Conrad | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Isaac Van Horne | Democratic-Republican | 1801 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 3 seats |
Isaac Anderson | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Christian Lower (Democratic-Republican) 33.1% √ John Whitehill (Democratic-Republican) 23.0% √ Isaac Anderson (Democratic-Republican) 22.9% Thomas Boude (Federalist) 10.7% Isaac Wayne (Federalist) 10.3% |
| Joseph Hiester | Democratic-Republican | 1797 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | ||
| John Whitehill | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats |
John A. Hanna | Democratic-Republican | 1796 | Incumbent re-elected, but died July 23, 1805 | √ David Bard (Democratic-Republican) 34.6% √ John A. Hanna (Democratic-Republican) 31.2% Oliver Pollock (Democratic-Republican) 18.1% Robert Mitchell (Democratic-Republican) 16.1% |
| David Bard | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pennsylvania 5 | Andrew Gregg | Democratic-Republican | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Andrew Gregg (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| Pennsylvania 6 | John Stewart | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Federalist gain. |
√ James Kelly (Federalist) 58.5% John Stewart (Democratic-Republican) 41.5% |
| Pennsylvania 7 | John Rea | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Rea (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Pennsylvania 8 | William Findley | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Findley (Democratic-Republican) 64.7% John Brandon (Federalist) 35.3% |
| Pennsylvania 9 | John Smilie | Democratic-Republican | 1792 1794 (Retired) 1798 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Smilie (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Pennsylvania 10 | William Hoge | Democratic-Republican | 1801 (Special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ John Hamilton (Democratic-Republican) John Israel (Federalist)[lower-alpha 8] |
| Pennsylvania 11 | John Lucas | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected, but resigned before the start of the Congress, triggering a special election. | √ John Lucas (Democratic-Republican) 64.8% James O'Hara (Federalist) 35.2% |
Rhode Island
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[lower-alpha 6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Nehemiah Knight | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Nehemiah Knight (Democratic-Republican) 49.9% √ Joseph Stanton Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 49.5% |
| Joseph Stanton Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. |
South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 1 "Charleston district" |
Thomas Lowndes | Federalist | 1800 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Robert Marion (Democratic-Republican) 60.6% Thomas L. Smith (Federalist) 37.0% Scattering 2.4% |
| South Carolina 2 "Beaufort and Edgefield district" |
William Butler Sr. | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Butler Sr. (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| South Carolina 3 "Georgetown district" |
Benjamin Huger | Federalist | 1798 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ David R. Williams (Democratic-Republican) 58.0% Robert Witherspoon (Democratic-Republican) 29.0% Joseph Blyth (Democratic-Republican) 13.0% |
| South Carolina 4 "Orangeburgh district" |
Wade Hampton | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ O'Brien Smith (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] John Taylor (Democratic-Republican) |
| South Carolina 5 "Sumter district" |
Richard Winn | Democratic-Republican | 1802 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Richard Winn (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] John Kershaw |
| South Carolina 6 "Abbeville district" |
Levi Casey | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Levi Casey (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| South Carolina 7 "Chester district" |
Thomas Moore | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Moore (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| South Carolina 8 "Pendleton district" |
John B. Earle | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected but resigned March 3, 1805, triggering a special election. | √ John B. Earle (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
Tennessee
Beginning with the 9th Congress, Tennessee was divided into 3 districts.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee 1 "Washington district" |
John Rhea Redistricted from the at-large district |
Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Rhea (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Tennessee 2 "Hamilton district" |
George W. Campbell Redistricted from the at-large district |
Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ George W. Campbell (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Tennessee 3 "Mero district" |
William Dickson Redistricted from the at-large district |
Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Dickson (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
Vermont
Vermont required a majority for election, which frequently mandated runoff elections. The 2nd, and 3rd districts both required second elections in this election cycle, and the 3rd district required a third election.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[lower-alpha 6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vermont 1 "Southwestern district" |
Gideon Olin | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Gideon Olin (Democratic-Republican) 56.1% Jonas Galusha (Democratic-Republican) 24.0% Chauncey Langdon 18.6% Others 1.4% |
| Vermont 2 "Southeastern district" |
James Elliot | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (September 4, 1804): James Elliot (Federalist) 41.9% Samuel Fletcher (Federalist) 15.6% Mark Richards (Democratic-Republican) 15.5% Pascal P. Enos (Democratic-Republican) 12.1% Aaron Leland (Democratic-Republican) 4.3% Lewis R. Morris (Federalist) 3.1% Elias Keyes (Democratic-Republican) 2.9% Paul Brigham (Democratic-Republican) 1.4% Others 3.1% Second ballot (December 18, 1804): √ James Elliot (Federalist) 62.0% Mark Richards (Democratic-Republican) 36.4% Others 1.6% |
| Vermont 3 "Northeastern district" |
William Chamberlain | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
First ballot (September 4, 1804): William Chamberlain (Federalist) 48.0% James Fisk (Democratic-Republican) 38.4% Nathaniel Niles (Democratic-Republican) 9.9% Samuel C. Crafts (Democratic-Republican) 2.6% Others 1.2% Second ballot (December 18, 1804): William Chamberlain (Federalist) 49.3% James Fisk (Democratic-Republican) 49.1% Others 1.6% Third ballot (March 25, 1805): √ James Fisk (Democratic-Republican) 56.1% William Chamberlain (Federalist) 42.7% Others 1.2% |
| Vermont 4 "Northwestern district" |
Martin Chittenden | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Martin Chittenden (Federalist) 50.4% Ezra Butler (Democratic-Republican) 46.7% Others 3.0% |
Virginia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virginia 1 | John G. Jackson | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John G. Jackson (Democratic-Republican) 57.2% Thomas Wilson (Federalist) 42.8% |
| Virginia 2 | James Stephenson | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ John Morrow (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] James Stephenson (Federalist) |
| Virginia 3 | John Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Smith (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 4 | David Holmes | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ David Holmes (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 5 | Alexander Wilson | Democratic-Republican | 1804 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Alexander Wilson (Democratic-Republican) 60.6% Robert Bailey (Quid) 39.4% |
| Virginia 6 | Abram Trigg | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Abram Trigg (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 7 | Joseph Lewis Jr. | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph Lewis Jr. (Federalist) 54.3% William Elzey (Democratic-Republican) 45.7% |
| Virginia 8 | Walter Jones | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Walter Jones (Democratic-Republican) 99.0% Henry Lee (Federalist) 1.0% |
| Virginia 9 | Philip R. Thompson | Democratic-Republican | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Philip R. Thompson (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 10 | John Dawson | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Dawson (Democratic-Republican) 66.2% James Barbour (Quid) 33.8% |
| Virginia 11 | Anthony New | Democratic-Republican | 1793 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ James M. Garnett (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] Carter Braxton John Roane (Democratic-Republican) John Smith Archibald Ritchie |
| Virginia 12 | Thomas Griffin | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Burwell Bassett (Democratic-Republican) 65.1% Thomas Griffin (Federalist) 34.9% |
| Virginia 13 | Christopher H. Clark | Democratic-Republican | 1804 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Christopher H. Clark (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 14 | Matthew Clay | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Matthew Clay (Democratic-Republican) 88.9% William Lewis (Federalist) 11.1% |
| Virginia 15 | John Randolph | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Randolph (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 16 | John W. Eppes | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John W. Eppes (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 17 | Thomas Claiborne | Democratic-Republican | 1793 1801 |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ John Claiborne (Democratic-Republican) 72.7% Mark Alexander (Democratic-Republican) 27.3% |
| Virginia 18 | Peterson Goodwyn | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Peterson Goodwyn (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 19 | Edwin Gray | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Edwin Gray (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
| Virginia 20 | Thomas Newton Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Newton Jr. (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed |
| Virginia 21 | Thomas M. Randolph | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas M. Randolph (Democratic-Republican) 63.7% Walter Leake (Quid) 36.3% |
| Virginia 22 | John Clopton | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John Clopton (Democratic-Republican)[lower-alpha 5] |
Non-voting delegates
There were three territories with non-voting delegates in the 9th Congress, one of which (the Orleans Territory) did not send its first representative until 1806. The delegates were elected by the territorial legislatures, votes here are the number of members of the territorial legislatures voting for each candidate.
In the Mississippi Territory, the territorial legislature was locked. The first vote given above was on the 7th ballot, after which point the territorial legislature adjourned, the second vote was at a later session of the territorial legislature.
| District | Incumbent | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiana Territory at-large | None (District created) | New delegate elected. New delegate was seated December 12, 1805. |
First ballot: Benjamin Parke 5 Thomas J. Davis 5 Jesse B. Thomas 1 Second ballot: Benjamin Parke 5 Thomas J. Davis 5 Bond[lower-alpha 9] 1 Third ballot: √ Benjamin Parke 7 Thomas J. Davis 4 | |
| Mississippi Territory at-large | William Lattimore | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. | Seventh ballot: William Lattimore 5 Cato West 5 William Gordon Freeman 4 Eventual decision: √ William Lattimore 10 Cato West 2 John Ellis 1 |
See also
Notes
- ↑ Majority required for election, which was not met in 2 districts necessitating additional elections on December 18, 1804 and March 25, 1805
- ↑ Note: Source mistakenly identifies Hoge as a Federalist.
- ↑ Benjamin Smith was also supported by the Federalists.[13]
- 1 2 Date given for the start of the term, of the person elected at the special election (source: Congressional Biographical Directory). In some cases this is clearly wrong as the date of the legal start of the Congress is given, even though the member was elected at a later date.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Unless otherwise noted, only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed.
- ↑ Source does not give complete results, but partial results suggest a very large majority
- ↑ Source did not have returns for Israel.
- ↑ Source does not give full name
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results. McFarland and Company.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th Congress membership roster Archived December 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "New York 1804 U.S. House of Representatives, District 1, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University.
- ↑ "MA District 12 (Berkshire) - Special Election". April 16, 2011. Retrieved September 17, 2018 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ↑ "Maryland 1804 U.S. House of Representatives, District 4, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 17, 2018.
- ↑ "VA District 13". April 9, 2006. Retrieved September 18, 2018 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ↑ Cox, Harold. "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006" (PDF). The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
- ↑ "VA District 5 - Special Election". April 29, 2006. Retrieved September 18, 2018 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ↑ "New York 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, Districts 2 and 3, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "9th Congress membership roster". Retrieved September 17, 2018.
- ↑ "NY District 3". April 9, 2006. Retrieved September 17, 2018 – via OurCampaigns.com. , Note: Source incorrectly lists as "3rd district."
- ↑ "New York 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, Districts 2 and 3, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
- 1 2 "North Carolina 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, District 5, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- ↑ "Delaware 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- ↑ "Pennsylvania 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, District 4, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- ↑ "Pennsylvania 1805 U.S. House of Representatives, District 11, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 "Indiana 1805 U.S. House of Representatives (Territorial Delegate), Ballot 3". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
- 1 2 3 "Kentucky 1804 U.S. House of Representatives, District 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
- ↑ "Maryland 1804 U.S. House of Representatives, District 4". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved September 21, 2018.
- ↑ Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project
Bibliography
- "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
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