Turkish identity card

Turkish identity card
Republic of Turkey Identity Card (obverse)
(reverse)
Issued by  Turkey
Valid in  Turkey
 Georgia
 Northern Cyprus
 Ukraine
Type of document Identity card
Purpose Proof of identity
Eligibility requirements Turkish citizenship

The Republic of Turkey Identity Card (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kimlik Kartı) is compulsory for all Turkish citizens from birth. The Turkish police are allowed to ask any person to show ID, and refusing to comply may lead to arrest. It can be used as a travel document to enter Northern Cyprus,[1] Georgia[2] and Ukraine[3] instead of a passport.

History

Identity cards, theoretically obligatory for all citizens, male and female, existed already in the late Ottoman Empire. They were known in Turkish as nüfus tezkeresi.[4] To the Slavic subjects of the Ottoman state they were known colloquially as nofuz (Bulgarian: нофуз).[5][6]

ID cards (1927-1991)

Atatürk's Identity Card

Turkey issued ID cards (Turkish: Nüfus Hüviyet Cüzdanı) with 1927 census in Ottoman Arabic letters. With Turkey's change to Latin script, ID cards are changed to Latin in 1928. Surnames are added after 1934, with the Surname Law. Newer ID cards are issued in 1976, however old cards were still valid until 1991.

ID cards (1976-2020)

Turkey issued ID cards (Turkish: Nüfus Cüzdanı) for all citizens beginning from 1976. The cards are 7x9 cm in size and have gender specific color (Orange/red for females, blue for males). Starting from 1999, cards are issued with Turkish Identification Number. Cards have embossed stamp for security.

New identity cards (2017-current)

Ministry of Interior of Turkey issued an EU-like identity cards (Turkish: Kimlik Kartı) for all Turkish citizens. New identity cards are biometric as well as passport, and can be used as bank card, bus ticket or at international trips. Starting from 2 January 2017, these new ID cards are issued all around Turkey. [7] Unlike previous cards, which were valid for life, new cards have 10 years of validity. They are in ID-1 (credit card) size, smaller than previous cards. The cards are gender-neutral for all citizens.[8] Cards are bilingual, both in Turkish and English. Although not active yet, e-signatures can be installed into card's chip. The cards have pin codes for authorization.

During the application for new cards, fingerprints for all fingers and palm vein prints are collected and associated with the person. New cards require biometric photos (for ages 15 and up) and has signatures of individuals. The new cards omit several information that were in previous cards; like marital status, religion, blood type, issuing place, previous surname (for females), hometown (State, District, Village) and register numbers (volume, family and line numbers).

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ http://mfa.gov.ct.tr/consular-info/visa-regulations/
  2. ↑ http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-georgia.en.mfa
  3. ↑ http://mfa.gov.ua/en/consular-affairs/entering-ukraine/visa-requirements-for-foreigners
  4. ↑ Chris Gratien, Ottoman Identity Card; includes images of the cards
  5. ↑ Kunchov, Vasil (1900), Makedonii͡a, Sofia: Bulgarskoto Knizhevno Druzhestvo, p. 135 (in Bulgarian)
  6. ↑ http://ekimlikrandevu.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/e-kimlik-randevu-alma-2.jpg
  7. ↑ http://ekimlikrandevu.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/e-kimlik-randevu-alma-2.jpg
  8. ↑ "Ehliyet yenileme ücreti ne kadar? (Ehliyet yenileme işlemleri)". NTV. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
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