Tin(IV) sulfide

Tin(IV) sulfide
Names
IUPAC name
Tin(IV) sulfide
Other names
Tin disulfide, Stannic sulfide, Mosaic gold
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.867
EC Number 215-252-9
UNII
Properties
S2Sn
Molar mass 182.83 g·mol−1
Appearance Gold-yellow powder
Odor Odorless
Density 4.5 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 600 °C (1,112 °F; 873 K)
decomposes[1]
Insoluble
Solubility Soluble in aq. alkalis, decompose in aqua regia[1]
Insoluble in alkyl acetates, acetone[2]
Structure
Rhombohedral, hP3[3]
P3m1, No. 164[3]
3 2/m[3]
a = 3.65 Å, c = 5.88 Å[3]
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Octahedral (Sn4+)[3]
Hazards
GHS pictograms [4]
GHS signal word Warning
H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335[4]
P261, P280, P301+312, P302+352, P304+340, P305+351+338, P332+313[4]
NFPA 704
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Tin(IV) sulfide is a compound with the formula SnS
2. The compound crystallizes in the cadmium iodide motif, with the Sn(IV) situated in "octahedral holes' defined by six sulfide centers.[5] It occurs naturally as the rare mineral berndtite.[6] It is useful as semiconductor material with band gap 2.2 eV.[7]

Reactions

The compound precipitates as a brown solid upon the addition of H
2S to solutions of tin(IV) species. This reaction is reversed at low pH. Crystalline SnS
2 has a bronze color and is used in decorative coating[8] where it is known as mosaic gold.

The material also reacts with sulfide salts to give a series of thiostannates with the formula [SnS
2]
m[S]2n−
n. A simplified equation for this depolymerization reaction is

SnS
2 + S2−
 → 1/x[SnS2−
3]
x.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. ↑ Comey, Arthur Messinger; Hahn, Dorothy A. (1921-02). A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities: Inorganic (2nd ed.). New York: The MacMillan Company. p. 1080. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Voort, G.F. Vander, ed. (2004). "Crystal Structure*" (PDF). ASM Handbook. 9 (Metallography and Microstructures): 29–43. doi:10.1361/asmhba0003722 (inactive 2018-08-27).
  4. 1 2 3 4 "SDS of Stannic sulfide" (PDF). https://www.pfaltzandbauer.com. Connecticut, USA: Pfaltz & Bauer, Inc. Retrieved 2014-07-13. External link in |website= (help)
  5. ↑ Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
  6. ↑ Vaughan, D. J.; Craig, J. R. "Mineral Chemistry of Metal Sulfides" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1978. ISBN 0-521-21489-0.
  7. ↑ L.A.Burton et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 1312-1318 DOI: 10.1039/C5TA08214E.
  8. ↑ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
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