Pool War

Location of Pool department in the Republic of the Congo

Date	4 April 2016 – 23 December 2017 (1 year, 8 months, 2 weeks and 5 days)
Location	Pool Department, Republic of the Congo
Status	Ceasefire

Belligerents

Republic of the Congo

Armed Forces

Ninja militia

Commanders and leaders

Denis Sassou Nguesso

Frédéric Bintsamou

Strength

10,000

3,000

Casualties and losses

115 killed in total^[1]^[2]
13,000 displaced^[3]

The Pool War^[4] was a conflict between the Republic of the Congo and the Ninja militia in the Pool Department. Tensions grew between Frédéric Bintsamou (also known as Pastor Ntumi) and Congolese president Denis Sassou-Nguesso, after Bintsamou contested modifications to the constitution. Bintsamou was formerly a collaborator of Sassou-Nguesso.^[5]

Between April 2016 and April 2017, a total of 115 people died in the conflict.^[1] An estimated 13,000 people have been displaced as a result of the violence.^[3]

Timeline

On 4 April 2016, the Congolese government accused the Ninja militia of attacking security forces. The militia denied the accusations, calling them false pretext for political suppression.^[5] Violence continued with events such as shelling by the Congolese armed forces and attacks on trains by the Ninja militia.^[6]^[7]

On 18 April 2017, 18 Congolese soldiers were killed by Ninja militiamen.^[2]

The Congolese government and the Ninja militia signed a ceasefire agreement on 23 December 2017. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the Ninjas were to hand over their arms and cease their interference with trade between the cities of Brazzaville and Pointe Noire.^[8]

References

1 2 "ACLED Version 7 (1997 – 2016)". Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
1 2 "Congo-Brazzaville : nouveaux accrochages, soldats tués… La traque du pasteur Ntumi s'enlise dans le Pool" (in French). 21 April 2017.
1 2 "République du Congo : près de 13.000 déplacés par les violences dans la Province du Pool" (in French). United Nations Radio. 9 December 2016.
↑ "Congo-Brazzaville : La "guerre du Pool" ravage le pays" (in French). 25 May 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
1 2 "Congo-Brazzaville : "Ne ramassez pas les corps !"" (in French). Paris Match. 15 September 2016.
↑ Ngoussou, Ngouela (9 February 2017). "Des incidents dans le Pool empêchent le bon fonctionnement du CFCO au Congo". VOA Africa (in French). Retrieved 15 August 2018.
↑ "Congo-Brazzaville: la partie de chasse de Sassou Nguesso" (in French). Paris Match. 13 October 2016.
↑ McAllister, Edward; Elion, Christian; Powell, Stephen (24 December 2017). "Congo Republic signs peace accord with". Reuters Africa. Retrieved 15 August 2018.

Years in the Republic of the Congo (1960–present)
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Central Africa	Republic of the Congo conflicts First Civil War (1993–94) Second Civil War (1997–99) Pool War Angolan Civil War (1975–2002) Chadian Civil War (2005–10) Democratic Republic of the Congo conflicts First Congo War [1996–97] Second Congo War [1998–2003] Ituri conflict [1999–2007] Dongo conflict [2009] Ituri conflict [2009–present] Kivu conflict [2004–present] M23 rebellion Kamwina Nsapu rebellion Allied Democratic Forces insurgency Central African Republic conflicts Bush War [2004–07] Central African Republic Civil War (2012–2014) Central African Republic Civil War (2015–present) Central African Republic conflict under the Djotodia administration Lord's Resistance Army insurgency (1987–present) Boko Haram insurgency
East Africa	Rwandan Civil War [1990–94] Genocide Djiboutian Civil War (1991–94) Ethiopian conflicts Eritrean War of Independence Insurgency in Ogaden Second Afar insurgency Eritrean–Ethiopian War (1998–2000) Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict (2000–present) Oromo-Somali clashes Hanish Islands conflict Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict Burundian conflicts Burundian Civil War (1993–2005) Burundian unrest (2015–present) Somali conflicts Somali Civil War [1991–present 2006–09 War African Union Mission to Somalia (2007-present) 2009–present War Piracy off the coast of Somalia Kenyan conflicts Ethnic conflicts in Kenya Somali-Kenyan conflict Likoni Massacres 2007–08 Kenyan crisis 2012–13 Tana River District clashes Baragoi clashes South Sudanese conflicts [2011–present] Heglig Crisis Sudanese nomadic conflicts Ethnic violence in South Sudan South Sudanese Civil War Insurgency in the Ogaden (1995-present) Second Afar Insurgency (1995-present) Ugandan conflicts Lord's Resistance Army insurgency (1987–present) Allied Democratic Forces insurgency (1996-present) Kasese clashes (2016)
Southern Africa	Bophuthatswana crisis (1994) Caprivian conflict (1994–99) Lesothan conflicts SADC intervention in Lesotho (1998-99) 2014 Lesotho political crisis Mozambican conflicts Mozambican Civil War (1977–1992) RENAMO insurgency (2013–present) Islamist insurgency in Mozambique
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