T. F. Green Airport

T. F. Green International Airport
Theodore Francis Green
Memorial State Airport
Summary
Airport type Public
Owner State of Rhode Island
Operator Rhode Island Airport Corporation
Serves Providence
Location 2000 Post Road
Warwick, Rhode Island
Focus city for Norwegian Air International
Elevation AMSL 55 ft / 17 m
Coordinates 41°43′26″N 071°25′42″W / 41.72389°N 71.42833°W / 41.72389; -71.42833Coordinates: 41°43′26″N 071°25′42″W / 41.72389°N 71.42833°W / 41.72389; -71.42833
Website www.pvdairport.com
Maps
A map with a grid overlay showing the terminals runways and other structures of the airport.
FAA diagram
PVD
Location in Rhode Island
PVD
PVD (the US)
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
5/23 8,700 2,651 Asphalt
16/34 6,081 1,853 Asphalt
Statistics (2015, 2016, 2017)
Aircraft operations (2015) 66,537
Passengers (2017) 3,937,947
Based aircraft (2015) 35

T. F. Green International Airport (officially Theodore Francis Green Memorial State Airport)[3] (IATA: PVD, ICAO: KPVD, FAA LID: PVD) is a public international airport in Warwick, Rhode Island, six miles (10 km) south of the state's capital and largest city of Providence. Opened in 1931, the airport was named for former Rhode Island governor and longtime senator Theodore Francis Green. Rebuilt in 1996,[4] the renovated main terminal was named for former Rhode Island governor Bruce Sundlun. It was the first state-owned airport in the United States.[5]

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 categorized it as a small hub primary commercial service facility.[6]

T. F. Green Airport is a regional airport serving the FAA's New England Region in the FAA System Plan.[7] Along with two other regional airports, Worcester Regional Airport and Manchester-Boston Regional Airport, T. F. Green is considered a reliever airport to Logan International Airport in Boston, Massachusetts.[8] The airport is the largest and most active airport among the six operated by the Rhode Island Airport Corporation (RIAC).

History

T. F. Green Airport was dedicated on September 27, 1931, as Hillsgrove State Airport, drawing what was at that time the largest crowd that had attended a public function in the country.[5] In 1933, the Rhode Island State Airport Terminal was built on Airport Road, then called Occupasstuxet Road.[9] In 1938, the airport was renamed in honor of Green, who had just been elected to the Senate two years earlier. At the time it had three 3,000-foot concrete runways. The Army Air Force took control from 1942 to 1945, using it for flight training.[5] The February 1947 diagram shows runways 5, 10 and 16 all 4000 ft long; in April 1951 runway 5 was 5000 ft and 5R was under construction. A few years later 5R was 5466 ft, which it remained until extended to 6466 ft around 1967.

The April 1957 OAG shows 26 weekday departures: 11 Eastern, 10 American, four United and one National. Nonstops did not reach beyond Boston and Newark until 1959 when Eastern started a DC-7B nonstop to Washington, which was the longest until United started Cleveland in 1968 and Chicago in 1970 and Eastern started Miami in 1969 and Atlanta in 1970. The first jets were Mohawk BAC-111s in 1966.

President Richard Nixon made a campaign stop at the airport on the night of Friday, November 3, 1972.[10] A crowd of 10,000 watched as Nixon, standing on the steps of Air Force One, urged voters to support Republican candidates Herbert F. DeSimone for Governor and John Chafee for U.S. Senator.[10] (Both lost, though Chafee later won the office in 1976.) Air Force One again touched down at T. F. Green on August 30, 1975, this time carrying President Gerald Ford, en route to a fundraiser in Newport.[11] He was greeted by a crowd of about 1,500 supporters,[11] as well as local politicians including Governor Philip W. Noel, Senator John O. Pastore, and Providence Mayor Buddy Cianci.[12]

Modern era

To enhance itself as the lone airport for a metro area of over 1.6 million people, a new terminal was built on Post Road in 1964, replacing the old 1933 terminal along Airport Road. In 1996 this terminal was replaced, expanding to 18 gates, and adding a lower arrival level and an upper departure level. In 1997 four gates were added. Airlines added flights to T. F. Green Airport, including Air Canada,[13] Southwest,[14] SATA International (which operated flights to the Azores using an A310-300),[15] and Spirit Airlines.[16]

After the September 11th attacks, T. F. Green Airport, like most airports in the United States, faced a temporarily decrease in passengers and fewer flights from American Airlines (which once flew to Chicago O'Hare and Dallas-Fort Worth Airport), Spirit, and SATA. Until the 2015 finalization of the merger between American Airlines and US Airways, creating one single licensed carrier under the American Airlines name, the Providence Metropolitan Area was the largest MSA in the United States not served by American Airlines or any of its subsidiaries. The decrease in service was especially severe to Chicago O'Hare as between both United and American decreased the number of one way daily seats from nearly a combined 1,400 to today's 225 daily one way seats. Nine flights of 727, 735, 757 and MD-80 service to today's regional jet use. Since the HNTB-designed Bruce Sundlun Terminal opened in 1996, T. F. Green became more congested due to increased traffic and post-9/11 security changes.[17] Renovations followed, including expansion of baggage rooms to accommodate a new In-Line Explosive Detection System (EDS) Baggage Handling System, expanded security screening checkpoints, more concessions and ticket counters, and expansion of RIAC offices on the second and third floors.[18]

Traffic increased to a high of 5.7 million passenger in 2005, while at the same time Boston Logan was handling 25 million passenger. After 2005 airlines started consolidating service at larger airports withdrawing service and reducing frequencies at mid sized hubs and small sized hubs. Airports such as T F green, Jacksonville, Bradley, etc. were affected. The recession and Boston Logan's proximity to the Providence metro area also took its toll on T F Green as numbers decreased to 3.5 million in 2015. In 2017 numbers have grown just shy of 4 million passenger. With the addition of Amazon Air, which includes its own Prime Jets plus DHL and Atlas Air Jets, cargo numbers have increased to nearly 44,000,000 million pounds. This will increase with a full year of service from Amazon Air. Amazon moved their cargo service from T.F. Green to Bradley International Airport as of August 1, 2018.


In 2009 the airport had 83,016 aircraft operations, average 227 per day: 52% scheduled commercial, 24% air taxi, 23% general aviation and <1% military. 71 aircraft were then based at this airport: 77% single-engine, 5% multi-engine, 17% jet and 1% helicopter.[1] In 2011 T. F. Green handled about 3,852,000 passengers.[19] The mainline airline with the largest presence at T. F. Green is Southwest, which carried 50.77% of all passengers for the 12-month period ending June 30, 2012, followed by US Airways with 14.11%.[19] T. F. Green also handled over 26,000,000 pounds (12,000,000 kg) of cargo and mail.[19]

T. F. Green was again visited by Air Force One, a Boeing 747, on October 25, 2010,[20] a Concorde operated by British Airways on June 13, 1988,[21] and an Airbus A340 flown by Iberia Airlines on June 1, 2011, which transported the Men's Spanish National Soccer Team for their match against the U.S. National Team on June 4, 2011, at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts.[22] T. F. Green was visited by Air Force One again on October 31, 2014, carrying President Barack Obama.[23]

In 2017, Norwegian Air Shuttle began Trans-Atlantic flights to destinations in Europe including Shannon, Cork, and Dublin in Republic of Ireland , Belfast, Northern Ireland United Kingdom and Edinburgh, Scotland United Kingdom , and Bergen, Norway.[24]

In 2017, due to a runway expansion, making T. F. Green's longest runway 8,700 feet (2,700 m), and other economic factors, the airport has seen several wide-body jets and the addition of seventeen new non-stop flights in the past year. This doubles the number of destinations served non-stop from T. F. Green to thirty-four. Cheaper fees at T. F. Green make it an appealing choice for sports teams and entertainers visiting the area. The New England Patriots currently house both of the team's branded Boeing 767 planes at Rhode Island airports, one at T. F. Green, the Official Airport of the Patriots and the other at Quonset Point.

Proposed name change

In February 2018, the Rhode Island Airport Corporation formally petitioned the state legislature to change the name of T.F. Green Airport to Rhode Island International Airport.[25] The RIAC believes the name change both reflects the airport's recent international flight presence and better describes the location it serves.

Facilities

Terminal lobby
Aerial view, 2004

Terminal

The airport's terminal, named for former Rhode Island governor Bruce Sundlun (Sundlun died on July 21, 2011)[26] has two concourses, North and South. The South Concourse has eight gates and the North Concourse has 14. Gates seven and eight are designed for international arrivals and are directly connected to customs, which is on the lower level of the concourse. The terminal contains a number of stores and restaurants, and a central food court.

Runways and apron

Theodore Francis Green State Airport covers 1,111 acres (450 ha) at an elevation of 55 feet (17 m). It has two asphalt runways: 5/23 is 8,700 by 150 feet (2,652 x 46 m) and 16/34 is 6,081 by 150 feet (1,853 x 46 m).[1] ILS is available for runways 5, 23, and 34, with runway 5 being certified for CAT III Instrument Landing. The other runways with ILS are certified for CAT I.[27] Taxiway Victor was Runway 5L/23R until 2003.

2017 runway expansion

On October 1, 2017, T. F. Green's runway 5/23 was officially opened for use at its new expanded length of 8,700 feet. Planning on the project began in the 1990s, and work on the expansion began in 2013. The project included building additional safety measures in the event of airplane overruns, removal of nearby utility poles and trees to clear approach lanes, and moving an entire city park from one side of the airport to the other. Officials are hopeful that the longer runway will attract more longer-range nonstop flights, such as the international routes that Norwegian Air began flying in 2017, as well as enhance safety for short-distance flights, giving pilots more runway to use in the case of poor weather conditions.[28]

The runway expansion was desired because, as the Rhode Island Airport Corporation (RIAC) wrote in 2001,[29] the master plan completed in 1997 failed to envision the "tremendous growth" that T. F. Green experienced. The report identified the lack of runway length as a hindrance to "range and diversity of service", in particular emphasizing ability to reach non-hub cities, the west coast, and international locations. Challenges for T. F. Green in expanding the runway were the residential and commercial developments around it. Many residents opposed the expansion.[30]

Opponents noted that while the main runway would bring in an estimated $138 million over 13 years, doing so threatened 204 houses, at least ten businesses, and large areas of wetlands. Opponents also argued that the runway was less critical to T.F. Green's success than it was during the peak of passenger travel prior to 9/11 and in the mid-2000s. Expansion opponents cited easier access to Boston's Logan International Airport since completion of the "Big Dig," which included improvements to Interstate 93, the Massachusetts Turnpike, and building the Ted Williams Tunnel; the availability of bus services between T. F. Green and Logan Airport; and the introduction of low cost carriers at Logan such as JetBlue, as reasons why the runway expansion was no longer as critical.[31]

Despite the opposition, on March 1, 2012, the Rhode Island Airport Corporation was given the go-ahead to expand the runway and improve the safety of the secondary runway. The Warwick City Council unanimously voted to approve the expansion, and drop the lawsuit against the RIAC. President Obama signed a bill providing federal funds for the project. It was officially completed on October 1, 2017.

In 2017, T. F. Green was named the official airport of the New England Patriots.[32]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Air Canada Express Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson [33]
Allegiant Air Punta Gorda (FL), St. Petersburg/Clearwater [34]
American Airlines Charlotte, Philadelphia
Seasonal: Miami (begins December 19, 2018)[35]		 [36]
American Eagle Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Philadelphia, Washington–National [36]
Azores Airlines Seasonal: Ponta Delgada [37]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit [38]
Delta Connection Seasonal: Detroit [38]
Frontier Airlines Orlando, Tampa
Seasonal: Charlotte, Denver, Fort Myers, Myrtle Beach, Raleigh/Durham 		[39]
JetBlue Airways Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, West Palm Beach (begins February 14, 2019) [40]
Norwegian Air Shuttle Dublin
Seasonal: Belfast–International (ends October 27, 2018),[41] Cork, Edinburgh (ends October 27, 2018)[42], Shannon 		[43]
Regional Sky Montreal-Saint-Hubert (begins November 5, 2018) [44]
Southwest Airlines Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, Tampa, Washington–National
Seasonal: Fort Myers, West Palm Beach 		[45]
United Express Chicago–O'Hare, Newark, Washington–Dulles [46]

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
FedEx Express Fort Wayne, Memphis
FedEx Feeder Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, Newark
Seasonal: Manchester (NH)
UPS Airlines Hartford
Seasonal: Albany (NY), Buffalo, Louisville, Newark, Philadelphia

International service

T. F. Green is considered an airport of entry and has a full-service U.S. Customs and Border Protection unit on site. The Rhode Island Airport Corporation expects international service to increase, after the 2017 completion of its main runway expansion, but the airport has seen international service come and go in the past twenty years. As of 2017, airlines are serving a record high number of international destinations, including Canada, the Caribbean, and Western Europe.


From 1998 until 2013, T. F. Green had regular service to Toronto–Pearson first via Air Jazz and then by Air Georgian after 9/11, both did business as express carriers for Air Canada.[47] In the early 90's Leisure Air provided twice weekly seasonal service to Bermuda. Charters such as North American Air and Buffalo Air handled scheduled charter service to the Azores from the mid 80's to the early 90's. SATA International, now known as Azores Airlines, has recently resumed seasonal service to the Azores, having previously offered service until 2010.[48] In 2015, service was announced to Frankfurt, Germany by Condor and Praia, in the Cape Verde Islands, by TACV. The Condor service to Frankfurt marked the first non-stop route to mainland Europe from Providence; however, the flight was later suspended for unspecified reasons.[49] February 6, 2017, USA Today announced that Norwegian Air had selected Providence's T. F. Green Airport as its base for flights to Europe.[50] Norwegian Air Shuttle now operates from Providence using new Boeing 737 MAX planes for its service to cities in Western Europe[51] The official announcements were made February 23, 2017, with flights starting to Belfast, Cork, Dublin, Edinburgh and Shannon.[52] The airline has based two 189-seat, 737 MAX planes at T. F. Green, and plans to hire 75 Rhode Island-based crew to operate them. Flights to the Caribbean have also begun, with service to Fort-de-France, Martinique and Pointe-á-Pitre, Guadeloupe. There is a possibility that Norwegian may open a maintenance facility at Green that could include additional jobs. On March 8, Norwegian announced a sixth destination to Bergen, Norway. Seasonal service began in July 2017, and will run from March until October of each year.

On March 14, 2017, charter operations to Cancun, Mexico began with Friday only service, starting July 7, 2017, through Swift Air partnered with Vacation Express.

On May 31, 2017, service via Norwegian Air to Fort-de-France, Martinique, and Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, starting in October 2017 was announced.

Return service to Toronto Pearson International Airport in Canada resumed on May 17, 2018, via Air Canada Express.

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from PVD
(Jul 2017 - Jun 2018)[19]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 Florida Orlando, Florida 312,000 Frontier, JetBlue, Southwest
2 Maryland Baltimore, Maryland 295,000 Southwest
3 North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina 200,000 American, Frontier
4 Washington, D.C. Washington–National, D.C. 171,000 American, Southwest
5 Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 143,000 American
6 Georgia (U.S. state) Atlanta, Georgia 134,000 Delta, Frontier
7 Illinois Chicago–Midway, Illinois 120,000 Southwest
8 Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida 112,000 JetBlue, Southwest
9 Florida Tampa, Florida 102,000 Frontier, Southwest
10 Michigan Detroit, Michigan 87,000 Delta

Annual traffic

Traffic by calendar year[53]
PassengersChange from previous yearAircraft operationsCargo tonnage[54]
2002 5,393,574
2003 5,176,271Decrease4.01%
2004 5,509,186Increase6.43%38,420,118
2005 5,730,557Increase4.02%118,43638,497,744
2006 5,204,191Decrease9.20%45,727,608
2007 5,019,342Decrease3.54%100,69344,185,658
2008 4,692,974Decrease6.50%92,04530,444,992
2009 4,328,741Decrease7.76%83,01621,017,341
2010 3,936,423Decrease9.06%81,57121,859,591
2011 3,883,548Decrease1.34%80,59722,856,687
2012 3,650,737Decrease5.99%76,49124,204,472
2013 3,803,586Increase4.19%79,55025,172,169
2014 3,566,769Decrease6.23%74,28027,334,069
2015 3,566,105Decrease0.02%65,06127,040,498
2016 3,653,029Increase2.44%70,08827,718,271
2017 3,937,947Increase7.80%72,59543,533,895

Ground transportation

Commuter rail

MBTA station at the airport

The MBTA commuter rail service to and from downtown Providence and Boston commenced on December 6, 2010, and was expanded on November 14, 2011.[55] Service was expanded south to Wickford Junction in April 2012.[56] There are ten weekday trains to Wickford Junction and ten to Providence, most of which continue on to Boston with local stops along the way. Travel time to South Station in Boston is about 85 minutes, while the travel times to both Providence and to Wickford Junction are about 15 minutes.

Amtrak has formally stated they will not stop at the station for the foreseeable future citing a lack of economical feasibility;[57] however, a long-term proposal to reroute and modernize Amtrak's Northeast Corridor service would include a stop at the station.[58]

Road

T. F. Green Airport has direct access to I-95 via the T. F. Green Airport Connector Road, a 1.1-mile (1.8 km) freeway. The airport is served by major car rental companies as well as by local taxi and limousine services.

Bus

The Rhode Island Public Transit Authority (RIPTA) offers public bus transportation to and from the cities of Providence (Kennedy Plaza in downtown Providence) and Newport. In particular:[59]

  • The No. 1 Bus goes to Kennedy Plaza by way of Eddy Street stopping at Rhode Island Hospital and takes about 35 minutes. The No. 1 Bus continues thru to the East Side of Providence down Hope Street and into Pawtucket via East Ave.
  • The No. 14 b Plaza and takes approximately 20–25 minutes via Interstate 95; it also connects to Newport, Narragansett, and East Greenwich.
  • The No. 20 bus goes to by way of Elmwood and Roger Williams Park and Zoo, and takes approximately 40 minutes.
  • The No. 66 (URI/Gaillee) via I-95

Intermodal station

An intermodal station, completed in October 2010, includes an elevated walkway to the terminal, a rental car garage, and commuter rail parking.[60]

Accidents and incidents

1999 runway incursion

On December 6, 1999, at approximately 8:35pm Eastern Standard Time, a runway incursion occurred involving United Airlines flight 1448 (a Boeing 757) and FedEx Express flight 1662 (a Boeing 727) on Runway 5R/23L.[61] Shortly after landing on Runway 5R, United 1448 was instructed by the air traffic control tower to taxi to the gate, part of the instructions including crossing Runway 16. Due to the low-visibility conditions that night, the pilots became disoriented and turned down the wrong taxiway, which led them back towards the active runway they had just arrived on. The tower controller, unaware of United's mistake, cleared FedEx 1662 for takeoff on Runway 5R. United 1448 then confirmed with the controller that they should cross the runway in front of them (neither party aware that they were in fact not near Runway 16) and the aircraft continued moving towards Runway 5R/23L.

United 1448, sounding confused, then radioed that they were near taxiway Kilo, and as they re-entered Runway 5R/23L, reported that "somebody just took off" overhead, referring to FedEx 1662 that had indeed just become airborne in very close proximity to the United aircraft. However, the controller appeared not to take this seriously, stating, "you shouldn't be anywhere near Kilo", and advised the United 1448 crew to hold position. United 1448 informed the tower that they were now on an active runway, which they mistakenly believed to be 23R/5L (inactive at the time). A moment later the pilot corrected himself, stating that they were on 5R/23L. United 1448's crew was told again to stand by, so the aircraft remained idle at the intersection of the active runway, while the controller cleared MetroJet 2998 for takeoff on the same runway. The United 1448 pilot immediately interjected to insist that the plane was on the active runway, which the controller belligerently denied, saying it was not an active runway. Meanwhile, the MetroJet pilot, having heard the exchange, realized there was confusion over the whereabouts of United 1448 and refused the takeoff clearance, stating, "We're staying clear of all runways until we figure this out."

Despite all this confusion, the controller again cleared MetroJet 2998 for take off on Runway 5R. They again refused to accept the clearance for take-off until the United 1448 was confirmed to have arrived at the gate. Once United 1448 was confirmed to be at the gate, MetroJet 2998 finally departed on Runway 5R.

The US Airways crew operating Flight 2998 were praised by a US Air spokesperson for their actions of avoiding a near-disaster. An investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board followed and while no fault was assigned to the controller, she was required to undergo retraining before returning to service. The pilots were debriefed by United, received additional training and were returned to service.[62]

Part of the confusion was due to United 1448's inability to correctly identify the runway they were on. During the radio exchanges, United 1448 refers to 23L/5R as 23R/5L and vice versa. Runway 23R/5L has been closed since this incident and is now taxiway V.

2007 CRJ accident

On December 16, 2007, Air Wisconsin (US Airways Express) flight 3758, a CRJ-200 arriving from Philadelphia, departed the left side of runway 5 after a hard landing by an unstabilized approach.[63] Although the aircraft sustained substantial damage, none of the 31 passengers and crew aboard were injured.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 FAA Airport Master Record for PVD (Form 5010 PDF), effective July 2, 2009.
  2. ↑ "OST_R | BTS | Transtats". Transtats.bts.gov. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
  3. ↑ "T. F. Green International Airport - airport, Warwick, Rhode Island". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Providence: Transportation - Approaching the City, Traveling in the City". www.city-data.com. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 "History". Rhode Island Airport Corporation. 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  6. ↑ "List of NPIAS Airports" (PDF). FAA.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. 21 October 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  7. ↑ "New England Region Airports Division: Regional Airport System Plan". Federal Aviation Administration. December 2, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  8. ↑ "The New England Regional Airport System Plan" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. 2006. pp. 50–51. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  9. ↑ "Where is the Comet? Theodore Francis Green Airport, Warwick, RI". The Magic World of Comet. 2000. Retrieved May 25, 2011. —In 1931 Hillsgrove State Airport, on Airport Road, then called Occupatuxet Road, opened, the first state-owned and operated in the United State
  10. 1 2 Stanton, Mike (9 December 2002). "A Providence civics lesson". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  11. 1 2 "POOL REPORT 115--Theodore Green Airport to the Sheraton-Islander in Newport, R. I." (PDF). Gerald Ford Library. Ford Presidential Library. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Daily Diary of President Gerald R. Ford" (PDF). Gerald Ford Library. Ford Presidential Library. 30 August 1975. p. 4. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  13. ↑ "International Service Arrives at T. F. Green". The Providence Journal. October 5, 1997. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  14. ↑ Munroe, Tony (June 6, 1996). "Southwest to Start Service to Providence". Boston Herald. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  15. ↑ Downing, Neil (February 14, 2006). "Azores Wooing RI Travelers". The Providence Journal. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  16. ↑ Barmann, Timothy C. (August 20, 2004). "Spirit Airlines Lifts Rhode Island Airport". The Providence Journal. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  17. ↑ "T. F. Green Airport Modernization". Archived from the original on July 1, 2012. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  18. ↑ "T. F. Green Improvement Project update!". Rhode Island Airport Corporation. July 15, 2006. Archived from the original on August 27, 2006. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  19. 1 2 3 4 "Providence, RI: Theodore Francis Green (PVD)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. January 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  20. ↑ "President Obama lands in Rhode Island". WPRI. Providence. October 25, 2010. Archived from the original on October 28, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  21. ↑ Mingis, Ken; Lord, Peter; Emery, Jr., C. Eugene; DePaul, Tony (June 13, 1988). "Concorde Has Come and Gone; for Most, It Was Good Experience". The Providence Journal. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  22. ↑ "Iberia A340-300 Landing at KPVD". FlightAware. June 1, 2011. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  23. ↑ "Pres. Obama arrives in RI ahead of RIC event". WPRI. October 31, 2014. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  24. ↑ "$69 fares to Europe: Coming soon to two small Northeast airports?". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  25. ↑ Patrick Anderson. "New name on runway for T.F. Green - News - providencejournal.com - Providence, RI". providencejournal.com. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
  26. ↑ Bruce Sundlun
  27. ↑ "KPVD: Theodore Francis Green State Airport". FAA Information. Airnav.com. May 5, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  28. ↑ John Hill. "Officials laud completion of T.F. Green runway expansion - News - providencejournal.com - Providence, RI" (Press release). providencejournal.com. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
  29. ↑ "Airport Master Plan Guiding Principles" (PDF). Rhode Island Airport Corporation, Landrum & Brown. February 5, 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 6, 2009. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
  30. ↑ Needham, Cynthia (February 12, 2009). "Expand T. F. Green Airport's Main Runway, R.I. House Speaker Says". The Providence Journal. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  31. ↑ Needham, Cynthia (March 10, 2007). "Runway Plan Takes Jomes, Businesses". The Providence Journal. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
  32. ↑ "T. F. Green to be official airport of New England Patriots, RIAC says". WJAR. October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  33. ↑ "Flight Schedules". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  34. ↑ "Allegiant Interactive Route Map". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  35. ↑ "American schedules additional domestic routes from Dec 2018". Routes Online. July 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  36. 1 2 "Flight schedules and notifications". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  37. ↑ "Schedules". Azores Airlines.
  38. 1 2 "FLIGHT SCHEDULES". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  39. ↑ "Frontier". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  40. ↑ "JetBlue Airlines Timetable". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  41. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-45630876
  42. ↑ https://www.scotsman.com/news/transport/norwegian-to-scrap-us-budget-flights-from-edinburgh-1-4803827
  43. ↑ "Route Map | Norwegian". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  44. ↑ https://www.wpri.com/business-news/tf-green-to-offer-direct-flights-to-montreal-west-palm-beach/1516618701
  45. ↑ "Check Flight Schedules". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  46. ↑ "Timetable". Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  47. ↑ 2017, UBM (UK) Ltd. "Air Canada Cancels Toronto – Providence Service from March 2013". Routesonline. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  48. ↑ NEWS, PATRICIA RESENDE, NBC 10. "First On 10: SATA returns to RI, offer flights from Providence to Azores". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  49. ↑ Kozma, Carol. "Condor Airlines cuts its international flights to R.I." Retrieved August 2, 2017. Icelandair, taking over TACV, moved Praia service to Boston in January, 2018.
  50. ↑ "Norwegian Air confirms Providence will be base for Europe flights". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  51. ↑ Paul Edward Parker. "Norwegian Air to start transatlantic service from Green this summer - News - providencejournal.com - Providence, RI". providencejournal.com. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
  52. ↑ Anderson, Patrick. "Norwegian Air to offer flights from T. F. Green to Ireland and Scotland this summer". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  53. ↑ "Passenger Numbers". Rhode Island Airport Corporation. 2012. Retrieved February 14, 2012.
  54. ↑ Total cargo (Freight, Express, & Mail).
  55. ↑ "Schedules and Maps: Providence/Stoughton Line". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  56. ↑ Bierman, Noah (September 10, 2009). "Vote Set on T link to R.I. Airport". The Boston Globe. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  57. ↑ "Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee says the InterLink at T.F. Green Airport is the closest air-rail link in the country". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  58. ↑ Anderson, Patrick. "R.I. remains a stop in high-speed rail along Northeast Corridor". Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  59. ↑ Bus route information from RIPTA's website Archived March 22, 2007, at the Wayback Machine..
  60. ↑ llc, CC inspire,. "Green Airport - InterLiIsland". www.pvdairport.com. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  61. ↑ "Planes Urged to Stop at Runway Intersections". Los Angeles Times/St. Petersburg Times. June 14, 2000.
  62. ↑ "Animations of runway incursions from Board Meeting of June 13, 2000". National Transportation Safety Board. June 13, 2000. Archived from the original on February 18, 2013.
  63. ↑ "Probable Cause, DCA08FA018". National Transportation Safety Board. December 30, 2008. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  •  This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.
  • Parker, Paul Edward (September 15, 2008). "Backstage at Green Airport: What goes on that ordinary travelers don't get a chance to see". The Providence Journal. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.