Saharsa

Saharsa
City
DB road, Saharsa
Saharsa
Location in Bihar, India
Coordinates: 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6Coordinates: 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6
Country  India
State Bihar
Region Mithila
District Saharsa
Elevation 41 m (135 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 155,175
Languages
 • Official Maithili, Hindi, Urdu
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN 852201-852154-852221
Telephone code 916478
ISO 3166 code IN-BR
Vehicle registration BR-19
Sex ratio 933 females per 1000 males ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituency Madhepura
Vidhan Sabha constituency Saharsa
Website saharsa.bih.nic.in
Sunset Skyline, Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa Town, Koshi Anchal, Sa
Temple Near Saharsa Town

Saharsa is a city and a municipality in the Saharsa district in the eastern part of the state of Bihar, India. It is situated near the eastern banks of the Kosi River. It serves as the administrative headquarters for the Saharsa District, and is also the capital (Divisional Headquarter) of the Kosi Division of the state of Bihar, which includes three districts, namely- Saharsa, Madhepura and Supaul. The name Saharsa may also refer to the Sahars Assembly Constituency, which consists of the city and neighboring parts of the district. The name Saharsa originates from the Sanskrit word Saharsha meaning 'laden with joy'. The city has a significant number of Maithili speakers. Alongside Maithili, Hindi and Urdu are widely understood and spoken.

History

Saharsa is part of the Mithila region.[1] Mithila first gained prominence after settlement by Indo-Aryan tribes which established the Mithila Kingdom (also known as the Kingdom of the Videhas).[2] During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videhas developed as one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Videhas Kingdom were referred to as Janakas.[3] The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajji confederacy, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also located in Mithila.[4] Earlier, the Saharsa district was part of the Munger and Bhagalpur districts. On 1 April 1954 it was made a district of its own. It was also made headquarters of Kosi division on 2 October 1972, comprising Saharsa, Purnia and Katihar district, with its headquarters at Saharsa. Similarly a new Civil Sub-Division Birpur was created on 1 December 1972, consisting of 24 development blocks, including Raghopur, Chhatapur, Basantpur and Nirmali, which were previously under Supaul subdivision of the district. Two new districts, Madhepura and Supaul, were formed from Saharsa district on 30 April 1981 and 1991. Saharsa district now consists of two subdivisions, Saharsa Sadar and Simri Bakhtiarpur. The district consists of 10 development blocks and anchals each.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Saharsa one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[5] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[5] The economy of saharsa is Yet Underdeveloped, due to the Huge disaster came in 2008 as the flood known as Kushaha Calamity[6]. it affected thousands of village of the District. Due to the unavailability of Health resources, it destroyed hundreds of family and their Happiness[7].

It was in 2015 when the Central government announced the Establishment of A new AIIMS in Bihar in Economic Budget Of 2015, it spread a wave of Joy in the whole District, As being the most deserving Area of the State. AIIMS establishment in the state came as a New Ray of Hope for the people residing in the district.[8][9]. Today the whole Society is demanding AIIMS in saharsa Under the leadership of Shri Binod Kumar Jha[10]. Even being a common man, Sri Binod Jhaji made Infinite numbers of seen and unseen, Successful and unsuccessful efforts for the Establishment of AIIMS in saharsa and for the Betterment of the Society and the whole Mithila Region[11]. His continious efforts are supported by whole society despite of differences in castes, creed, colour, Religion and cultural practices. He is known as the leader of a common man in the Region.[12], while other leaders have only looted the district. Today the Politics need to be Corruption free and as being a part of System even Saharsa need this. No matter how much poor or Rich any politician is, but he Should be honest, His Step should be in the interest of society. Saharsa has seen various so-called leaders but Binod jhaji is the only person who is actually the Leader of the society and even he is the only person who can make a difference or changes at the ground and grassroot level.


Geography

Stormy Clouds Hovering Saharsa Skyline, Saharsa Town, Bihar

Saharsa is located at 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6.[13] It has an average elevation of 41 metres (134 feet). Saharsa and its surrounding areas are a flat alluvial plain forming part of the Kosi river basin. The town actually lies in the Kosi alluvial megafan one of the largest alluvial fans of the world. Resultingly, the land is very fertile. However, frequent changes in the course of the Kosi, one of the largest tributaries of the Ganges,[14][15] have led to the problems associated with soil erosion. Flooding is a major reason for the poor connectivity of the area as bridges tend to get washed away. Major flooding occurs almost annually, causing a significant loss of life and property.[16]

A Distributary of Kosi River near Saharsa Town

Saharsa is a large township and is the administrative and cultural capital of Koshi Region of Bihar. In the town there are narrow lanes and a blend of urban and rural architecture, including partially occupied buildings visible in the skyline alongside palm and coconut trees. The town is criss-crossed by railway lines and Saharsa being a railway junction, railway lines pass through various localities of the town, including Hatiyagachhi, Rajwanshi Nagar, Vidyapati Nagar, Krishnanagar and Professor's Colony. The town is the commercial centre of the region, with various branded showrooms and shopping complexes. There are various restaurants and fast food centres.

Rivers

This is the most devastating river of Bihar, earning the epithet "Sorrow of Bihar" as the annual floods affect about 21,000 km2 (8,100 sq mi) of fertile agricultural lands thereby disturbing the rural economy.

Water Logging in the Town, Saharsa

The river is notorious for its breach of embankments and frequently changing its meandering courses. Therefore, here the river is in its youth stage where annual rate of deposition of alluvium is very high. gandak is also a main river following through some southern part of Saharsa.

Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi CHowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar

Important villages

  • Padampura
  • Agawanpur
  • Amarpur, Bhagwanpur
  • Badivan
  • Bancholaha
  • Bangaon
  • Banktti
  • Banma itahri
  • Bareta
  • Bargaon
  • Bathanaha
  • Bengha
  • Bhada
  • Bharauli
  • Bhuswar
  • Bihra (patori)
  • Bishanpur
  • Chainpur
  • Chikni
  • Dhabouli
  • Dholi Mohanpur
  • Golma
  • Haransari
  • Hathra
  • Inderva
  • Jamhara
  • Jamuniya
  • Jhara
  • Kahra
  • Kapsia
  • Khurasan
  • Koparya
  • Lagma
  • Mahishi
  • Mahpura
  • Maina
  • Manguar
  • Matha
  • Panchgachiya
  • Parari–
  • Patuaha
  • Sahsoul
  • Samda
  • Sarbela
  • Sardiha
  • Saroja
  • Satber
  • Rasalpur
  • Simri Bakhtiyarpur
  • Sisai
  • Sitanabad
  • Sonvarsha
  • Sulindabad
  • Tiri
  • Udainagar Bhauarva

Demographics

An official Census 2011 detail of Saharsa, a district of Bihar has been released by Directorate of Census Operations in Bihar. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Saharsa District of Bihar.

Typical Koshi Litti, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar
Typical Meal in Pardesi Cardo Restaurant, Saharsa Town

In 2011, Saharsa had population of 1,897,102, of which male and female were 995,502 and 901,600 respectively. There was change of 25.79 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Saharsa District recorded increase of 33.03 percent to its population compared to 1991.

The initial provisional data suggest a density of 1,125 in 2011 compared to 895 of 2001. Total area under Saharsa district is of about 1,686 square kilometres (651 sq mi).

Average literacy rate of Saharsa in 2011 were 54.57 compared to 39.08 of 2001. Male and female literacy were 65.22 and 42.73 respectively. For 2001 census, the same figures stood at 51.66 and 25.27 in Saharsa District. Total literate in Saharsa District were 829,206 of which male and female were 521,560 and 307,646 respectively. In 2001, Saharsa District had 465,577 in its total region.

The sex ratio in Saharsa stood at 906 female per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 910. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. kahra and Bangaon has a very important contribution in entire sectoral development of Saharsa. Students from Saharsa go to every part of the country as well as other parts of the world.

Economy

  • Saharsa's soil produces quality bricks.
  • Saharsa got many shopping complex, such as,
 - V-mart
 - Delhi haat
 - Bollywood town
 - V2

Agriculture

Paddy Plantations near Saharsa Town, Koshi Anchal, Bihar region
  • Food crop: Paddy
  • Cash crop: Makhana (Euryale ferox Salisb)[18]
  • Mango
  • Litchi
  • Bamboo
  • Mustard
  • Corn
  • Wheat
  • Sugarcane
  • Sagwan or teak (Tectona grandis) trees are now grown on a large scale.
Broad Gauge Conversion near Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa
Kosi Bridge at Baluwaha Ghat near Saharsa Town

Saharsa is a main Railway Station in East Central Railway. It Covers up to Purnia Junction, Forbesganj Station and Mansi Jn.Saharsa is connected by railway and roadways to other major towns in Bihar. National Highway 327 (Saharsa – Bagdogra) and NH 107 connects it to Maheshkhunt and Purnia List of National Highways in India. The rural road network is in need of improvement.[19] Saharsa - Darbhanga is being joined through baluwaha bridge over koshi river.This will boost the connectivity of entire mithilanchal region .

Passenger Train on its Way to Saharsa

Saharsa does not have air transport service (there is an air strip reserved for government use ) or waterways, but railways play an important role. In early 2005, a much awaited broad gauge line connected it to Khagaria on the New Delhi-Guwahati main line. Earlier there was only a metre gauge line on the Khagaria – Mansi – Saharsa – Forbesganj section of East Central Railway. Saharsa is directly connected to New delhi, Kolkata, Amritsar, Ranchi via Train. Dr. Rajendra Prasad National airport is near divisional Headquarter.

The city is also served by India Post. Its Postal Code is: 852201.

Ugratara Shakti Peeth (Temple) in Mahishi, Near Saharsa Town
Ugratara Devi Shakti Peeth, Mahishi, Near Saharsa Town
Chandika Sthan Temple near Saharsa Town
Koshi Dhala, Koshi Chowk, Saharsa, Bihar

Educational Institutes

  • Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College and Hospital
  • Benevolent Global Public School [20]
  • Buddha Public School
  • Creative Mind Residential School
  • CTE Saharsa
  • Darjeeling Public School
  • DAV Central School, Saharsa
  • Delhi Public School [21]
  • East N West Teachers Training College
  • Eklavya Central School [22]
  • Evening college
  • Global English Medium School
  • Green Field School
  • Indian High School saharsa[23]
  • ITI Saharsa
  • Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya - JNV Saharsa
  • Jay Pratap Singh Public School [24]
  • Kendriya Vidiyalaya Saharsa [25]
  • Kid Care School, Saharsa Bihar
  • Manohar High School
  • Master Mind Public School [26]* Govt. Girls High School
  • Middle School Sulindabad
  • MLT College Saharsa
  • Mukami Mission Academy
  • R.M.M. Law College
  • Rachana Public School
  • Rajendra Mishra College
  • S M Carmel School
  • Sarvodaya Public School
  • Shanti Mission Academy [27]
  • Shanti Niketan Shikshan Sansthan
  • SNSRKS College
  • St Paul's School
  • St. Micheal Academy
  • St.Xavier [28]
  • Tagore Residential School
  • Tution Beurau
  • Vairagya International Public School
  • Zila Girls High School
Matsyagandha Temple in Saharsa Town

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&lpg=PA30&pg=PA27&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
  2. ↑ Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143
  3. ↑ Witzel, M. (1989). "Tracing the Vedic dialects". In Caillat, C. Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes. Paris: Fondation Hugot. pp. 141–143.
  4. ↑ Hemchandra, R. (1972). Political History of Ancient India. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
  5. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bihar_flood
  7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bihar_flood
  8. ↑ https://www.jagran.com/bihar/saharsa-dharna-18424162.html
  9. ↑ https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/saharsa/story-the-ball-to-build-aiims-in-the-state-government-1417283.html
  10. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/binod.jhaji
  11. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/binod.jhaji
  12. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/binod.jhaji
  13. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Saharsa
  14. ↑ http://ponce.sdsu.edu/kosi_river_india.html
  15. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  16. ↑ Bihar Flood
  17. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 September 2006. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  18. ↑ http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/Lake2002abs/ses124.html
  19. ↑ Per kilometre Cost for Bihar Archived 19 June 2007 at Archive.is
  20. ↑ Benevolent Global Public School
  21. ↑ Delhi Public School
  22. ↑ Eklavya Central School
  23. ↑ Indian High School saharsa
  24. ↑ Jay Pratap Singh Public School
  25. ↑ Kendriya Vidiyalaya Saharsa
  26. ↑ Master Mind Public School
  27. ↑ Shanti Mission Academy
  28. ↑ St.Xavier
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