Names of European cities in different languages (E–H)

E

English name	Other names or former names
Edinburgh	Dùn Èideann (Scottish Gaelic), Dún Éideann* (Irish), Àidīngbǎo* - 爱丁堡 [simplified characters] / 愛丁堡 [traditional characters] (Mandarin Chinese), Caeredin* (Welsh),^[KNAB] Dinedin/Din Edin^[KNAB] (Breton), Doon Edin** (Manx), Edhimvúrgho* - Εδιμβούργο (Greek), Édimbourg* (French),^[KNAB] Edimburg* (Catalan,^[KNAB] Serbian), Edimburgo (Italian,^[KNAB] Portuguese,^[KNAB] Spanish,^[KNAB] Tagalog), Edinbara - เอดินบะระ (Thai), Eḍinbarā* - एडिनबरा (Hindi),^[KNAB] Edinboarch* (West Frisian), Edinborg* (Icelandic),^[KNAB] Edinbro* - אדינברו (Hebrew), Edinburc* (Friulian), Edinburg* (Afrikaans, Albanian, and German [rare], Romanian), Èdinburg - Эдинбург (Russian),^[KNAB] Edinburg* - Едінбурґ (alternate Ukrainian), Edinburga* (Latvian), Edinburgas* (Lithuanian), Edinburgi* - ედინბურგი (Georgian),^[KNAB] Edinburk* (Czech), Edynburg* (Polish),^[KNAB] Edinburg* - Единбург (Bulgarian, Ukrainian), Edeunbeoreo* / Edŭnbŏrŏ - 에든버러 (Korean), Ejimbara - エジンバラ (Japanese), Embra, Embro (Scots), Eṭiṉparō** - எடின்பரோ (Tamil), Ngoidìngbóu* - 愛丁堡 (Cantonese)*
Edirne	Adhrianúpoli - Αδριανούπολη (Greek), Adrianopel* (former German), Adrianopla* (Portuguese), Adrianople* (former English), Adrianopojë or Εdrene* (Albanian), Adrianopol** (Polish, Romanian, Slovak), Adrianopol'* - Адрианополь (former Russian), Adrianopole* (Romanian), Adrianopoli* (old Italian, Finnish), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch, Finnish), Adrianópolis* (Spanish), Drinápoly* (Hungarian), Drinopol* (variant in Czech* and Slovak), Edirne* - Эдирне (Russian), Ədirnə* (Azeri), Hadrianople* (former variant in English), Hadrianopolis* (Latin), Jedrene* - Једрене (Serbian), Odrin* - Одрин (Bulgarian), Odrin* - Одрин or Edrene - Едрене (Macedonian), Uskudama* (Thracian)
Eger	Agria (Latin), Eger* (Hungarian, Dutch, Finnish), Eğri* (Turkish), Erlau* (German), Jager* (Czech, old), Jáger* (Slovak), Jagier* (former Polish)*
Eisenhüttenstadt	Eisenhüttenstadt (German), Stalinstadt* (former German)*
Eisenstadt	Kismarton (Hungarian), Železno* (Slovene), Željezno* (Croatian)* (note: the city's subdivisions also have different names in different languages)
Elbląg	Elbiąg (local Polish dialect), Elbing (German), El'bing* - Эльбинг (former Russian), Elbląg (Polish), El'blong* - Эльблонг (Russian), Ilfing* (Old Danish), Truso* (Old Prussian)
Elista	Elista - Элиста (Russian), Elista - Еліста (Ukrainian), Elst - Элст (Kalmyk, Mongolian), Stepnoy (former name)*
Ełk	Ełk (Polish), Lyck* (German)*
Elsinore	Elseneur (French), Elsinor* (Spanish, Romanian), Elsinore (Italian), Helsingør* (Danish, German variant, Norwegian), Helsingör* (Finnish, German, Swedish*)
Emmerich	Emmerich (German), Emmerik* (Dutch)*
Erlangen	Erlangen (Dutch, French, German), Erlanky* (Czech, old, obsolete)*
Espoo	Aīsībō - 埃斯波 (Chinese), Esbo* (Swedish), Espo* (Latvian, Lithuanian), Espoo (Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish), Espoo - Эспоо (Russian), Esupō* - エスポー (Japanese)*
Esztergom	Estergon (Turkish), Eštergon* (Serbian), Estergom* - Эстергом (Russian), Esztergom* (Hungarian), Gran* (German), Ostrihom* (Slovak), Ostřihom* (Czech), Ostrogon* (Croatian), Ostrzyhom* (Polish), Solva and Strigonium** * (Latin), Strigonio* (ancient Italian), Strigoniu (Romanian)*
Eupen	Eupen (Dutch, French, German), Naowe or Naouwe* (Walloon, medieval spellings), Néau** (French, archaïc), Neyow* (Walloon)*
Exeter	Exonia (Latin), Karesk* (Cornish), Caerwysg* (Welsh)*

F

English name	Other names or former names
Famagusta	Ammóchostos - Αμμόχωστος (Greek), Famagosta* (Italian), Famagouste* (French), Famagusta* (English, German), Gazimağusa (Turkish, Cypriot Turkish*)
Feldkirch	Feldkirch (German), San Peder* (Romansh)
Feodosia	Cafà (archaic Ligurian), Caffa (archaic English), Kafa - Кафа (archaic Ukrainian), Käfä - Кәфә (Kazan Tatar), Káffas Κάφφας (medieval Greek), Kefe (Crimean Tatar, Turkish), Feodosija (Finnish), Feodosija - Феодосия (Russian), Feodosija - Феодосія (Ukrainian), Feodossija (German), Tʿeodosia - Թեոդոսիա (Armenian), Teodozja (Polish), Theodhosía - Θεοδωσία (Greek), Theodosia (Latin), Théodosie (French)
Flensburg	Flensborg (Danish, Low Saxon), Flensbourg (French), Flensburg* (German, Romanian, Flensbörg (Gronings), Swedish*)
Flims	Flem (Romansh), Flims* (German)*
Florence	Fflorens (Welsh), Firenca* (, Croatian, Serbian), Firence* (Slovene), Firenze* (Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Italian, Maltese, Norwegian), Floireans* (Scottish Gaelic), Florance (Walloon), Flórans* (Irish), Floransa* (Turkish), Florença* (Portuguese), Florence* (Afrikaans, Dutch, French, Latvian), Florència (Catalan), Florencia* (Slovak, Spanish), Florencie (Czech), Florencija* (Lithuanian), Florencja* (Polish), Florens* (Swedish, former Danish), Florenţa (Romanian), Florentía* - Φλωρεντία (Greek), Florentsiya* - Флоренція (Ukrainian), Florentsiya* - Флоренция (Russian), Florenz* (German), Fóluólúnsi* - 佛羅倫斯 / 翡冷翠 (Chinese), Pirenche / P'irench'e - 피렌체 (Korean), Firentse - フィレンツェ (Japanese)*
Flushing	Flesinga (Spanish), Flessinga* (Italian), Flessingue* (French), Vlissienge* (Zeelandic), Vlissingen (Dutch)*
Fort Augustus	Cille Chuimein (Scots Gaelic), Cille Chuimein* (Irish), Fort Augustus* (English, German, French, Dutch), Forte Augusto (Italian), Kiliwhimin* (former English & Scots)
Frankfurt am Main	Fǎlánkèfú - 法蘭克福 (Mandarin Chinese),Francfort* (Catalan), Fráncfort del Meno* (Spanish), Francfort-sur-le-Main* (French), Francfurt* (Romansh) , Francoforte sobre o Meno* (Portuguese), Francoforte sul Meno* (Italian), Frankfort aan de Main* (Dutch, Limburgian), Frankfoúrti (epí tou Máin) - Φρανκφούρτη (επί του Μάιν) (Greek), Frankfurt al Mayn* - פרנקפורט על מיין (Hebrew), Frankfurt am Main* (German), Frankfurt na Majni* (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Frankfurt Maini ääres (Estonian), Frankfurt nad Menem* (Polish), Frankfurt nad Mohanem* (Czech), Frankfurt nad Mohanom* (Slovak), Frankfurt-na-Mayne* - Франкфурт-на-Майне (Russian), Frankfurt-na-Mayni* - Франкфурт-на-Майні (Ukrainian), Frankfurt pe Main* (Romanian), Frankfurtas prie Maino* (Lithuanian), Frankfurte pie Mainas* (Latvian), Furankufuruto* - フランクフルト (Japanese), (Main Kıyısındaki) Frankfurt* (Turkish), Majnafrankfurt* (former Hungarian), Maynada Frankfurt* (Azeri), Peurangkeupureuteu* / P'ŭrangk'ŭp'urŭt'ŭ - 프랑크푸르트 (Korean)
Frankfurt (Oder)	Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish), Francfort-sur-l'Oder* (French), Francoforte sobre o Óder* (Portuguese), Francoforte sull'Oder* (Italian), Frankfurt (Oder)* (German), Frankfurt an der Oder* (German), Frankfurt nad Odrą* (Polish), Frankfurt nad Odrou* (Slovak, Czech), Frankfurt-na-Odere - Франкфурт-на-Одере (Russian), Frankfurt na Odri* (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Frankfurt pe Oder (Romanian), Frankfurtas prie Oderio* (Lithuanian), Frankfurte pie Oderas* (Latvian), (Oder Kıyısındaki) Frankfurt* (Turkish), Oderafrankfurt* (older Hungarian), (Oderdə) Frankfurt* (Azeri), Frankfoúrti (epí tou Odérou)* - Φρανκφούρτη (επί του Οδέρου) (Greek), Frankfurt Oderi ääres* (Estonian)*,
Freiburg	Frajburg (Serbian), Freiburg im Breisgau* (German), Freiburga* (Latvian), Fribourg-en-Brisgau* (French), Fribourg* (French), Friburgo (Portuguese), Friburgo de Brisgovia* (Spanish), Friburgo in Brisgovia* (Italian), Fryburg Bryzgowijski* (Polish), Furaiburugu* - フライブルク (Japanese)*
Freising	Brižinje* and Brižine* (Slovene), Freising (German), Fresinga* (Spanish variant), Frisinga* (Italian, Spanish), Frisingue (French), Fryzynga* (Polish)*
Fribourg	Freiburg im Üechtland (German), Friborgo* (Swiss Italian), Fribourg* (French, Finnish), Friburg (Catalan, Romansh), Friburgo (Italian , Portuguese, Spanish), Fryburg* (Polish)*
Frombork	Frauenburg (German), Frombork* (Polish)*

G

English name	Other names or former names
Galway	Gaillimh (Irish), Galvia* (Latin), Golwei* / Kolwei - 골웨이 (Korean), a' Ghailbhinn (Scots Gaelic)*
Gävle	Gefle (Norwegian, Swedish before 1910), Gevalia (Latin)
Gdańsk	Dancig, Dancka (older Hungarian), Danswijk* (former Dutch), Danţig* (older Romanian), Dantiscum* (Latin alternate), Dants* - דאַנץ (Yiddish), Dantsic* (older English alternate), Dantzig* or Gdansk (Afrikaans), Danzica* (Italian), Danzig* (Icelandic), Danzig* (German, Spanish, older Turkish), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdansk* (Finnish, Romanian, Slovene, Turkish), Gdansk - גדנסק (Hebrew), Gdańsk* (Danish, Dutch, Polish), Gdan'sk* - Гданьск (Russian), Gdanjsk* (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Gdaņska* (Latvian), Gdanskas* (Lithuanian), Gdanjsk* - Гдањск (Serbian, Macedonian), Gduńsk (Kashubian), Gedania* (Latin alternate), Gedanum* (Latin), Geudanseukeu* / Kŭdansŭk'ŭ - 그단스크 (Korean), Ghdhansk - Γδανσκ (Greek), Gudanisuku* - グダニスク (Japanese), Gydanysg* (Welsh), Gyddanyzc* (Pomeranian, mentioned in 997 AD), Hdans'k - Гданськ (Ukrainian)*
Gdynia	Gdiņa (Latvian), Gdingen* (former Dutch, German), Gdiniô (Kashubian, Pomeranian), Gdyně* (Czech), Gdynė* (Lithuanian), Gdynia* (Finnish, Polish, Romanian), Ghdhínia* - Γδύνια (Greek), Gotenhafen* (German 1939-1945), Hdyniya* - Гдиня (Ukrainian)*
Geneva	Cenevre (Turkish), Djeneve* (Walloon), Genebra* (Portuguese), Genefa* (Welsh), Geneva* (Romanian), Geneve* (Afrikaans, Armenian, Finnish, Swedish), Genève* (Danish, Dutch, French), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa* (Polish), Genf* (Estonian, German,Icelandic, Hungarian), An Ghinéiv (Irish), Ginebra* (Catalan, Spanish), Ginevra (Italian) , Ġinevra* (Maltese), Cenevrə (Azeri), Jenewa* (Indonesian), Jinīf* - جنيف (Arabic), Xenebra (Galician), Yenévi* - Γενεύη (Greek), Ženeva* - Женева (Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian), Ženēva* (Latvian) , Zjenaef* (Limburgian), Zhen^yeva* - Женева (Russian,), Zhenevë* (Albanian), Jeneva* - ז'נבה (Hebrew), Jeneba* / Cheneba - 제네바 (Korean), Junēbu - ジュネーブ (Japanese), Rineiwa* - 日內瓦 (Chinese)*
Genoa	Cenova (Turkish), Đenova* (Serbian), Dženova* (Latvian), Gênes* (French), Gènova* (Catalan), Genova* (Danish, Finnish, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Génova* - Gênova* ( Brazilian Portuguese), Ġenova (Maltese), Génova (Spanish), (European Portuguese) - Genúa (Icelandic), Genua* (Danish, Dutch, German, Latin, Polish, Swedish), Genuja (Lithuanian), Gjenova* (Albanian), Janov* (Czech, Slovak), Jenoba - ジェノバ (Japanese), Jenoba* / Chenoba - 제노바 (Korean), Xénova (Galician), Yénova* - Γένοβα- Γένουα (Greek), Zena** (Ligurian)*
Gevgelija	Gevgelija (English), Djevdjelija (Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Гевгелија (Macedonian), Gevgeli (Turkish)
Ghent	Gent - גנט (Hebrew), Gand* (French, Italian, Portuguese), Gandava* (Latin),^[1] Gandawa* (Polish), Gante* (Galician, Spanish), Gaunt* (older English) , Gent* (Afrikaans, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Indonesian, Romanian, Swedish), Gent - Гент (Belarusian, Russian), Ģente (Latvian), Genteu* / Kent'ŭ - 겐트 (Korean), Ghándhi - Γάνδη (Greek), Guanto* (old Italian)*
Gibraltar	Cebelitarık (Turkish), Cəbəllütarix* (Azeri), Ġibiltà* (Maltese), Gibilterra (Italian), Gibraltar* (Dutch, Finnish, Polish , Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Gibraltar - גיברלטר (Hebrew), Gibraltár* (Hungarian), Gibraltaras* (Lithuanian), Gibraltārs* (Latvian), Giobraltair* or Diobraltair (Scottish Gaelic), Giobráltar (Irish), Ghivraltár - Γιβραλτάρ (Greek), Hibraltar* - (Tagalog, Гібралтар* Ukrainian), Jibraltār* - جبرلتار or (older) Jabal Tāriq - جبل طارق (Arabic), Jibeurolteo* / Chibŭrolt'ŏ - 지브롤터 (Korean), Jiburarutaru - ジブラルタル (Japanese), Zhíbùluótuó* - 直布羅陀 (Chinese)*
Girona	Gerona (Dutch, German, Romanian, Spanish), Gérone (French), Gerunda* (Latin), Girona* (Catalan, Finnish, Portuguese), Xirona* (Galician)*
Gjirokastër	Argirocastro (Italian),^[KNAB] Argirokastro* - Аргирокастро (Bulgarian), Argyrocastrum* (Latin),^[2] Argyrókastro* - Αργυρόκαστρο (Greek),^[KNAB] Argyrókastron* - Αργυρόκαστρον (Byzantine Greek), Đirokastra - Ђирокастра (Serbo-Croatian), Ergeri* (Turkish),^[KNAB] Ergiri (Turkish),^[3] Ergirikasrı* (Turkish),^[3] Girokastra - Гирокастра (Russian),^[KNAB] Ǵirokastro* - Ѓирокастро (Macedonian), Gjinokastër* (Gheg Albanian), Gjirokastër/Gjirokastra (Albanian),^[KNAB] Ljurocastru** (Aromanian) See also: Names of Gjirokastër
Glarus	Glaris (French), Glarona* (Italian), Glaruna* (Romansh), Glarus* (Dutch, German)
Glastonbury	Glaistimbir* - Glaistimbir na nGael* - Gloineistir* (Irish)
Glasgow	Glaschú (Irish), Glaschu* (Scottish Gaelic), Glesga, Glesgae* (Scots), Glāzgova* (Latvian), Glaskove* - Γλασκώβη (Greek), Glazgo* - גלזגו (Hebrew), Geullaeseugo* / Kŭllaesŭgo - 글래스고 (Korean), Gurasugō - グラスゴー (Japanese)*
Gliwice	Gleiwitz (German), Gliwice* (Polish), Hlivitse* - Глівіце (Ukrainian)*
Gloucester	Caerloyw (Welsh), Gàoluóshìdă* - 告羅士打 (Chinese), Glocester* (French alternate), Gloucester (Dutch, French, German), Glevum (Latin)*
Głogów	Glogau (German), Glogov* (Serbian), Glogova* (Lithuanian), Glogovia* (Latin), Głogów* (Polish), Hlohov* (Czech, rare), Hlohuv* - Глогув (Ukrainian)*
Glücksburg	Glücksburg (German), Lukkuborg* (Icelandic), Lyksborg* (Danish)*
Gödöllő	Gödöllő (Hungarian), Getterle* (former German), Gyodyollyo - Гёдёллё (Russian)*
Gmünd	Cmunt (Czech, old, obsolete), Gmünd* (Dutch, French, German)*
Gomel	Gomel' - Гомель (Russian), Homel* (German, Polish), Homel' - Гомель (Ukrainian), Homiel* - Гомель (Belarusian), Homiel* (Romanian), Homl* - האָמל (Yiddish)
Gorizia	Gorica (Croatian, Bosnian, Romanian, Slovene, Serbian), Gorizia* (Finnish, French, Italian), Görz* (German), Gurize* (Friulian), Gorycja* (Polish)
Görlitz	Görlitz (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish, German, Romanian), Zgorzelec* (Polish), Zhořelec* (Czech), Zhorjelc* (Upper Sorbian)
Gorzów Wielkopolski	Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish), Landsberg an der Warthe* (German)*
Gothenburg	Gautaborg (Icelandic), Gēdébǎo* - 哥德堡 (Chinese), Gēteborga* (Latvian), Gioteburgas* (Lithuanian), Göteborg* (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Gøteborg (Norwegian, Danish), Göteburg (Turkish), Gotemburgo* (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg* (Afrikaans, Dutch alternate, former German, former Polish), Gothembourg (former French), Gutenburgu* (Maltese), Yetebori / Yet'ebori - 예테보리 (Korean), Yōtebori - ヨーテボリ / Ietebori - イエテボリ (Japanese)*
Göttingen	Chöttingen (Low German), Getingen* - Гетинген (Serbian), Gėtingenas* (Lithuanian), Getinggen* - 哥廷根 (Chinese), Gettingen* - ゲッティンゲン (Japanese), Getynga* (Polish), Getynky* (Czech, old, obsolete), Goettinga* (Latin), Gœttingue* or Gottingue (French), Gotinga* (Spanish, Portuguese), Göttinga (medieval Hungarian), Gottinga* (Italian), Gottingē* - Γοττίγγη (Greek, καθαρεύουσα), Göttingen* (Dutch, German, Turkish), Gyotingen* - Гьотинген (Bulgarian), Gyottingen* - Гёттинген (Kazakh, Russian)
Gramzow	Gramzow (German), Grębowo* (Polish)*
Granada	al-Ġarnāda - غرناطة (Arabic), Elibyrge* - Ἐλιβύργη (Ancient Greek), Granada* (Dutch, Interlingua, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Grenade* (French), Ghranadha* - Γρανάδα (Greek), Grenada* (Polish), Geuranada* / Kŭranada - 그라나다 (Korean), Illiberis* or Illiberi Liberini* (Latin)
Graz	Geuracheu/Kŭrach'ŭ - 그라츠 (Korean), Grác* (Serbian, former Hungarian), Grāca* (Latvian), Gracas* (Lithuanian), Gradac* (Croatian), Gradec* (Slovene), Graecia* or Graecium (Latin), Grats* - Грац (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian), Grats* - Γκρατς (Greek), Gratz* or Graz (French), Graz* (Dutch, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Grodziec (Polish), Gurātsu* - グラーツ (Japanese), Hrats* - Грац (Ukrainian), Štýrský Hradec* (Czech), غراتس (Arabic), 格拉茨 (Chinese), گراتس (Persian), გრაცი (Georgian), גראץ (Hebrew)
Greifswald	Greifswald (Afrikaans, Dutch, French, German), Gryfia (Polish*, Pomeranian)
Grenoble	Cularo (Gaulish, old Latin), Qrönobl* (azərbaycanca), Grasanòbol* (Occitan), Gratianopolis* (Latin), Γκρενόμπλ* (Greek), Grenoble* (Dutch, French, Italian, Romanian), Гренобль (русский)*
Groningen	Greuninge (Limburgian), Grins* (Frisian), Groninga* (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Groningen* (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Groningue (French), Grönnen* - Grunnen (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames)
Grozny	Caharkala* or Caharkale* (Turkish alternates), Djovkhar Ghaala (alternative Chechen (separatist)), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name), Geurojeuni* / Kŭrojŭni - 그로즈니 (Korean), Groznas* (Lithuanian), Grozni* (Turkish), Groznîi* (Romanian), Groznij (Slovene), Groznija* (Latvian), Grozny* (Polish), Groznyi* (Finnish), Groznyy* - Грозный (Russian), Gurozunui* - グロズヌイ (Japanese), Hroznyy* - Грозний (Ukrainian), Sölƶ-Ġala* - Соьлж-ГIала (Chechen)
Grudziądz	Graudenz (German), Grudziądz* (Polish)*,
Günzburg	Günzburg (German), Gunzburgo* (Spanish)*
Gusev	Gąbin (Polish), Gumbinė* (Lithuanian), Gumbinnen* (German), Gusev* - Гусев (Russian)*
Győr	Arrabona / Arabona^[KNAB] (ancient Latin), Đer - Ђер (Serbian); Dėras* (Lithuanian^[KNAB]), Djer* - Дєр /D'jor - Дьйор (Ukrainian), Đur* - Ђур (older Serbian, older Croatian), Dyor* - Дьёр (Russian^[KNAB]), Ģēra* (Latvian), Győr* (Hungarian), Janok* - Јанок (historic Serbian), Jaurinum (medieval Latin), Jawaryn (older Polish), Jēru* - ジェール (Japanese), Jiāo'ěr* - 焦爾 (Mandarin Chinese - Taiwan usage), Jié'ěr* - 杰尔 [simplified characters] / 杰爾 [traditional characters] (Mandarin Chinese), Jìuyíh* - 焦爾 (Cantonese), Jura (Croatian), Jwereu / Chwerŭ - 죄르 (Korean), Làbǎi* - 腊佰 (older Chinese), Raab (German),^[KNAB] Ráb* (older Czech,^[KNAB] older Slovak^[KNAB]), Vjura* (older Croatian), Yanıkkale (historic Turkish), Zhuó'ěr* - 卓爾 (older Chinese)

H

English name	Other names or former names
Haderslev	Hadersleben (German), Haderslev* (Danish)*
Haguenau	Hagenau (German), Haguenau* (French)*
Halden	Fredrikshald (former name)*
Hamburg	Amburgo (Italian), Amvúrgho* - Αμβούργο (Greek), Gamburg* - Гамбург (Russian), Hamborg* (Danish, Low Saxon, Icelandic), Hambourg (French), Hambörg* (Gronings), Hamburg (Afrikaans, Catalan, Croatian, Estonian, German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburga (Latvian), Hamburgas* (Lithuanian), Hamburgo* (Portuguese, Spanish), Ħamburgu (Maltese), Hamburk (Czech), Hammaburgum* (traditional Latin name), Hammonia* (modern Latin name), Hampuri* (Finnish), Hambureukeu* / Hamburŭk'ŭ - 함부르크 (Korean), Hamburuku - ハンブルク (Japanese), Hanbao* - 漢堡 (Chinese)*
Hämeenlinna	Hämeenlinna (Estonian, Finnish), Tavastehus (Swedish)*
Hamelin	Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin* (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Hamelín (Spanish) , Hameln* (German, Finnish)
Hanau	Hanau (German, Romanian), Hanava (Czech, old, obsolete)*
Hanover	Anóvero - Αννόβερο (Greek), Ganover* - Гановер (Russian), Hannover* (Azeri, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Italian, Swedish, Turkish), Hannovere (Latvian) , Hànnuòwei* - 漢諾威 (Chinese), Hanòbhar* (Scottish Gaelic), Hanôve* (Walloon), Hanôver* (Portuguese), Hanóver* (Spanish), Hanovere* (Latvian), Hanoveris* (Lithuanian) , Hanovra* (Romanian), Hanobeo* / Hanobŏ - 하노버 (Korean), Hanovre (French) , Hanower* (Polish), Hanōbā* - ハノーバー / Hanōfā - ハノーファー (Japanese)*
Hasselt	Hasselt (Dutch, French, German, Limburgian, Romanian), Hasse / Hasque* / Hassèl*** (Walloon)
Heerlen	Heerlen (Dutch, French, German), Coriovallum (Latin), Heële* (Limburgian)*
Heligoland	Dät Luun (North Frisian), Hälgelound* (Saterland Frisian), Helgolân* (Frisian), Helgoland* (Czech, Dutch, German, Polish, Romanian, Turkish), Heligoland (French), Heligolândia* (Portuguese), Terra Sacra* (Latin)*
Helsingborg	Hè'ěrxīnbăo - 赫爾辛堡(Chinese), Helsingborg* (Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Swedish),Helsingjaborg (Icelandic* Helsingburg (former German), Helsingbörg* (Gronings), Hälsingborg (former Swedish)
Helsinki	Chielsynki - Хельсынкі (Belarusian), Elsenfors* (Dutch [rare]), Elsínki* - Ελσίνκι (Greek), Gel'singfors* - Гельсингфорс (former Russian), Harshanca - ཧིར་ཤིན་ཅ (Tibetan), Hè'ěrxīnjī* - 赫尔辛基 (Chinese), Heilsincí* (Irish), Helsingfors* (Norwegian, Swedish, Danish , former German), Helsingforsia (former Latin name), Helsingi* (Estonian), Helsingia* (Latin), Helsingki* / Helsingk'i - 헬싱키 (Korean), Helsink'i* - ჰელსინკი (Georgian), Helsinki* (Azeri, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Turkish), Helsiņki* - হেলসিঙ্কি (Bengali), Helsinkī* - हेलसिंकी (Hindi, Marathi), Ħelsinki* (Maltese), Hel'sinki - Гельсінкі or Khel'sinki - Хельсінкі (Ukrainian), Helsinkis* (Lithuanian), Helsinky* (Czech), Helsinque* (Brazilian Portuguese), Helsínquia* (Portuguese), Helsset* (North Sami), Helzinki - Хелзинки (Bulgarian), Herushinki* - ヘルシンキ (Japanese), Hilsīnkī* - هلسنكي (Arabic), Khel'sinki* - Хельсинки (Russian), Stadi* and Hesa (local slang)
Heraklion	Càndia (Catalan), Candia* (Italian, Spanish), Cândia* / Héraclion * (Portuguese), Candie (old French), Heraklion* (German, Romanian), Héraklion (French), Iraklio* - Ηράκλειο (Greek), Iraklion* (Finnish, Polish, Serbian, Romanian), Kandiye (Turkish)*
's-Hertogenbosch	Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque* (Spanish), Boscoducale* (former Italian), De Bos and De Bosj* (Limburgian), Den Bos** (Frisian), Den Bosch* and 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Herzogenbusch* (German), Oeteldonk* (colloquial Dutch [during Carnaval]*)
Holyhead	Caergybi (Welsh), Caergybi* (Scottish Gaelic)*
Hoyerswerda	Hojeřice (Czech), Hoyerswerda* (German), Wojerecy* (Upper Sorbian), Wojrowice* (Polish), Wórjejce* (Lower Sorbian)*
Hrodna	Gardinas (Lithuanian), Garten* (former German), Grodna* (Latin), Grodņa* (Latvian), Grodno* (Czech, Finnish, French, Polish, Romanian), Grodno* - Гродно (Bulgarian, Russian), Grodne - גראָדנע (Yiddish), Harodnia* - Гародня or Horadnia - Горадня (classical Belarusian), Hrodna* - Гродна (Belarusian), Hrodno - Гродно (Ukrainian)*
Huesca	Huesca (Spanish), Osca* (Catalan, Latin), Òsca (Occitan), Oska (Basque), Uesca* (Aragonese)*
Hum	Cholm (German), Colmo* (Italian), Hum* (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian)
Huy	Hoei (Dutch), Huy* (French), Hu (Walloon, German*)

References

[KNAB] "KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI". Eki.ee. Retrieved 2013-01-01.

↑ "Gent/o". Universität Leipzig.
↑ J. G. Th. Graesse, Orbis Latinus (Dresden: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. Brunswick, 1972) Ed. 1861 Ed. 1909 Ed. 1972
1 2 Ali, Çaksu (2006). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Islamic Civilisation in the Balkans, Tirana, Albania, 4–7 December 2003. Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture. p. 115. "At least since the middle of the nineteenth century; families or individuals from Gjirokastër (the Ottoman Ergiri or Ergiri Kasrı) in Southern Albania,..."

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[listref-KNAB] [KNAB] "KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI". Eki.ee. Retrieved 2013-01-01.

[1] "Gent/o". Universität Leipzig.

[Graesse-2] J. G. Th. Graesse, Orbis Latinus (Dresden: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. Brunswick, 1972) Ed. 1861 Ed. 1909 Ed. 1972

[Çaksu-3] 1 2 Ali, Çaksu (2006). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Islamic Civilisation in the Balkans, Tirana, Albania, 4–7 December 2003. Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture. p. 115. "At least since the middle of the nineteenth century; families or individuals from Gjirokastër (the Ottoman Ergiri or Ergiri Kasrı) in Southern Albania,..."

KNAB