Munich S-Bahn

S-Bahn München
S-Bahn train at Hackerbrücke (Br 423)
Overview
Locale Munich
Transit type Rapid transit, regional rail
Number of lines 8
Number of stations 150[1]
Daily ridership 840,000[2]
Operation
Began operation 28 May 1972
Operator(s) S-Bahn München
Technical
System length 434 km (270 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 12 in) (standard gauge)
Electrification 15 kV, 16.7 Hz AC Overhead lines
System map

The Munich S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn München) is an electric rail transit system in Munich, Germany. "S-Bahn" is the German abbreviation for Stadtschnellbahn (literally, "urban rapid rail"), and the Munich S-Bahn exhibits characteristics of both rapid transit and commuter rail systems.

The Munich S-Bahn network is operated by S-Bahn München, a subsidiary of DB Regio Bayern that is itself a subsidiary of the German national railway. It is integrated into the Munich Transport and Tariff Association (Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund, MVV) and interconnected throughout the city with the locally owned Munich U-Bahn. Today, the S-Bahn covers most of the populated area of the Munich Metropolitan area of about 2.7 million inhabitants.

The Munich S-Bahn was established on 28 May 1972. It was intended as part of the scheme to provide an adequate transport system during the 1972 Summer Olympics held in Munich by connecting the pre-existing suburban rail services in the west and east of the city via a new tunnel section from Hauptbahnhof to München Ost station (Ostbahnhof).

Lines

System

Network of the Munich S-Bahn since 2009

The system has seven branches in the west, which were originally numbered from north to south from the S 1 (to Freising) to the S 7 (Wolfratshausen). These are coupled with the five eastern branches. Operational requirements have changed several times, particularly due to line extensions, resulting in random numbering in the east. Two lines end at Munich East station (Ostbahnhof), these are currently S 1 and S 6. The first change was made in June 1991 when the branch to Ebersberg changed from S 4 to S 5 as a requirement to shorten the travel time to and from Herrsching. The line to Wolfratshausen was first called the S 10, but when it was connected to run over the trunk line it was changed to the S 7.

The S-Bahn branch in the east via Ismaning to the airport was designated as the S 8. Later this was combined with the original line S 3, which shared part the route of the S 8, and the new route is called the S 8. This eliminated route S 3. The old route S 5 was later largely replaced by the current S 3, so there is currently no line S 5.

In addition there are lines S 20 and S 27, which run from Munich Central Station (Hauptbahnhof) and Pasing to Deisenhofen. These two lines do not run through the trunk line tunnel. The numbers beginning with 2 comes from the time of the introduction of these lines, as the line to Holzkirchen via Deisenhofen still had the number S 2 (instead of the current S 3). These lines cross the Isar via Großhesselohe Bridge.

In the Deutsche Bahn time table, the S-Bahn lines are numbered from 999.1 to 999.8 and 999.20; line A is numbered as 999.30.

Frequency

The basic interval of the Munich S-Bahn is one train every 20 minutes. On parts of some branches during peak hours there is a 10-minute frequency produced by added trains. A special case is the line to Erding, where on weekdays a mix of express trains from Erding and normal S-Bahn trains from Markt Schwaben runs in the morning peaks, producing a 10-minute frequency west of Munich East station. There are also occasional additional trains on the western section of the S4 and on the S1 between Freising and Munich during the peak hour, which do not continue past the Hauptbahnhof (not run through the trunk line tunnel). On some branches, one of three trains does not run to the terminus station at off-peak times, so that on these outer sections trains run at 20 or 40 minutes alternatively. The S8 is 24/7.

Line Route Frequency
S 1 Freising – Pulling Neufahrn Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Munich Airport – Flughafen Besucherpark Neufahrn – Eching – Lohhof – Unterschleißheim Oberschleißheim Feldmoching – Fasanerie Moosach Laim Hirschgarten Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof Every 20 minutes
S 2 Petershausen – Vierkirchen-Esterhofen – Röhrmoos – Hebertshausen Dachau Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Altomünster – Kleinberghofen – Erdweg – Arnbach – Markt Indersdorf – Niederroth – Schwabhausen – Bachern – Dachau Stadt Dachau Every 60 minutes,
every 30 minutes in the peak hour
Dachau – Karlsfeld – Allach – Untermenzing – Obermenzing Laim Hirschgarten Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Ostbahnhof Leuchtenbergring Berg am Laim Riem – Feldkirchen – Heimstetten – Grub – Poing – Markt Schwaben Every 20 minutes
Markt Schwaben – Ottenhofen – St. Kolomann – Aufhausen – Altenerding – Erding Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
S 3 Mammendorf – Malching – Maisach Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Maisach – Gernlinden – Esting – Olching – Gröbenzell – Lochhausen – Langwied Pasing Laim Hirschgarten Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof St.-Martin-Straße Giesing Fasangarten – Fasanenpark – Unterhaching – Taufkirchen – Furth Deisenhofen (*) Every 20 minutes
Deisenhofen – Sauerlach – Otterfing – Holzkirchen Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
S 4 Geltendorf – Türkenfeld – Grafrath (– Schöngeising – Buchenau) Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
(Grafrath – Schöngeising –) Buchenau – Fürstenfeldbruck – Eichenau – Puchheim – Aubing – Leienfelsstraße Pasing Laim Hirschgarten Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof Leuchtenbergring Berg am Laim Trudering – Gronsdorf – Haar – Vaterstetten – Baldham – Zorneding – Eglharting – Kirchseeon Grafing station Every 20 minutes
Grafing station – Grafing Stadt – Ebersberg Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
S 6 Tutzing Feldafing – Possenhofen – Starnberg Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Starnberg – Starnberg Nord – Gauting – Stockdorf – Planegg – Gräfelfing – Lochham – Westkreuz Pasing Laim HirschgartenDonnersbergerbrückeHackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof Every 20 minutes
Ostbahnhof (– Leuchtenbergring Berg am Laim Trudering – Gronsdorf – Haar – Vaterstetten – Baldham – Zorneding Every 20 minutes in the peak hour
S 7 Wolfratshausen – Icking Ebenhausen-Schäftlarn – Hohenschäftlarn – Baierbrunn – Buchenhain – Höllriegelskreuth Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Höllriegelskreuth Pullach Großhesselohe Isartalbahnhof Solln Siemenswerke Mittersendling Harras Heimeranplatz Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) München Marienplatz station Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof St.-Martin-Straße Giesing – Perlach Neuperlach Süd – Neubiberg – Ottobrunn – Hohenbrunn – Wächterhof – Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn Every 20 minutes
Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn – Dürrnhaar – Aying Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Aying – Peiß – Großhelfendorf – Kreuzstraße Hourly
S 8 Herrsching – Seefeld-Hechendorf – Steinebach – Weßling Every 20 or 40 minutes alternatively
Weßling – Neugilching – Gilching-Argelsried – Geisenbrunn – Germering-Unterpfaffenhofen – Harthaus – Neuaubing – Westkreuz Pasing Laim Hirschgarten Donnersbergerbrücke Hackerbrücke Hauptbahnhof Karlsplatz (Stachus) Marienplatz Isartor Rosenheimer Platz Ostbahnhof Leuchtenbergring Daglfing Englschalking – Johanneskirchen – Unterföhring Ismaning – Hallbergmoos – Flughafen Besucherpark Munich Airport Every 20 minutes
S 20 Pasing Heimeranplatz Mittersendling Siemenswerke Solln Großhesselohe Isartalbahnhof Pullach – Höllriegelskreuth Hourly (Mo-Fr)

(*) Terminus of extra services in peak. Up to here services in the peak run at 10-minute intervals.

(+) Occasional additional services to create 10 minute frequency.

Routes

The S-Bahn partly operates on its own routes (one or two tracks), parts of it are double-track lines where S-Bahn operations are mixed with other traffic (passengers and freight), and in some cases more than two tracks are available. In the latter case one-or two tracks are set aside for the S-Bahn operations only and the two other tracks are used for the remaining traffic.

In the following table, the route length is shown from Munich Hauptbahnhof or from Ostbahnhof (Munich East station) because it reflects the chainage officially applied to the lines. An exception is S27 where the chainage starts at Pasing.

LineRoute and
section
Distance from Hbf or OstbfOther trafficInfrastructure
S 1 to S 8Trunk line
Pasing–Hbf–Ostbahnhof
11.4 kmBetween Pasing and Hauptbahnhof some trains are operated between Donnersbergerbrücke and Hauptbahnhof by Bayerische OberlandbahnThree stations with three or more platform tracks, three stations using Spanish solution.
S 1 WestMunich–Regensburg railway
Laim–Freising
40.7 kmRegional and Interregional (ALEX, DIX (Donau-Isar-Express)) services, as well as freight traffic.Two tracks in mixed operation for 34.5 km.
S 1 WestNeufahrn Link
Neufahrn–Airport West (7.3 km)
40.8 kmS-Bahn only, except for occasional freight trainsTwo tracks.
S 2 WestMunich–Ingolstadt line
Laim–Petershausen
36.4 kmIntercity-Express services to Berlin and Hamburg as well as Frankfurt via Nuremberg, Regional services to Nuremberg and Ingolstadt and freight traffic.Separate S-Bahn (one or two tracks) in addition to high-speed tracks for ICE and other traffic.
S 2 WestDachau–Altomünster railway
Dachau–Altomünster
47.7 kmS-Bahn onlySingle track
S 3 WestMunich–Augsburg railway
Pasing–Mammendorf
31.0 kmRegional, long-distance and freight traffic. This is one of the busiest lines in Germany, so it was upgraded to four tracks for the S-Bahn.Separate tracks for the S-Bahn (two to Maisach, then one to Mammendorf).
S 4 WestAllgäu Railway
Pasing–Geltendorf
42.1 kmVarious regional services every two hours, two hourly EuroCity service to Zürich, diverted long distance services from Augsburg-Munich lineTwo tracks mixed operations for 34.7 km. Electrified for the S-Bahn to Geltendorf.
S 8 West
Munich–Herrsching railway
Pasing–Herrsching
38.3 kmOnly S-Bahn services.Two tracks to Weßling, then single track.
S 6 WestMunich–Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway
Pasing–Tutzing
39.6 kmRegional services and occasional long distance trains to Garmisch-Partenkirchen.Two separate S-Bahn tracks to Gauting, then two tracks in mixed operation.
S 7 WestIsar Valley Railway
Solln–Wolfratshausen
31.3 kmOnly S-Bahn services.Two tracks to Höllriegelskreuth, then single track.
S 8 EastAirport line
Ostbahnhof–Ismaning–Airport
33.1 kmFreight traffic between Daglfing and North Ring.Continuous two tracks, some in mixed operation with freight.
S 2 EastMunich–Mühldorf railway and Markt Schwaben–Erding railway
Ostbahnhof–Markt Schwaben–Erding
34.7 kmFreight and regional traffic towards Mühldorf and Freilassing to Markt Schwaben, then only S-Bahn traffic.Two tracks in mixed operation to Markt Schwaben, then single track to Erding.
S 4S 6 EastMunich–Rosenheim railway and Grafing–Wasserburg railway
Ostbahnhof–Grafing–Ebersberg
31.0 kmRegional services to Rosenheim and Wasserburg, long distance services to Salzburg, as well as freight traffic.Four tracks to Grafing (S-Bahn operations separated), then single track with mixed traffic.
S 7 EastMunich East–Deisenhofen railway and Munich-Giesing–Kreuzstraße railway
Giesing–Kreuzstraße
30.1 kmS-Bahn only.Single track.
S 3 EastMunich East–Deisenhofen railway and Munich–Holzkirchen railway
Ostbahnhof–Giesing–Deisenhofen–Holzkirchen
31.2 kmS-Bahn only to Deisenhofen. The Bayerische Oberlandbahn also operates between Deisenhofen and Holzkirchen.Two tracks.
S 20Sendling Clasp
Pasing–Mittersendling–Höllriegelskreuth (8.8 km)
Pasing–Mittersendling–Höllriegelskreuth
20.5 kmRuns in part over freight tracks to/from Munich Laim marshalling yard and between Mittersendling and Solln over the Bayerische Oberland Bahn.Single track to Mittersendling, then continuing on double track in mixed operation.

Former Lines / Station Renamings

Here are some of the former train lines. Some of the stations are also renamed as well.

  • /: Until the tunnel section on the Donnersbergerbrücke was opened on 31 May 1981, instead today's S7 and S10 to Hauptbahnhof (Holzkirchner wing station) without stopping at Donnersberger and Hackerbrücke. Instead of the later, Starnberg wing station to Munich Hauptbahnhof, the S27 and S22 also ended in Holzkirchner Bahnhof.[3] were used, locomotive-hauled trains.
  • From Pasing via Mittersendling to Deisenhofen was originally part of the push-pull operation under the name S12. Thereafter, these trains ran without S-Bahn-designation. Later, the line was simplified and became the S20 again an S-Bahn-designation.
  • /: The S5 and S11 ran as special lines during the 1972 Olympic Games via Johanneskirchen (S5) or Moosach (S11) to the now-defunct Olympiastadion.[3]
  • , from 1985 , went as a special line at major events in the Olympic Park until 1988, running from Moosach to Olympiastadion.
  • : In 1975, the operation of the S-Bahn to Freiham was abandoned.
  • : In 1981, the operation to Großhesselohe was abandoned.[4]
  • /: The commissioning of the S-Bahn station Heimeranplatz took place on 26 September 1982.[3]
  • : In 1992, Unterpfaffenhofen-Germering station was renamed as Germering-Unterpfaffenhofen[5]
  • /: Until the construction of the airport line, S8 (1991) made use of the S3 the route Nannhofen-Ismaning. After the construction of the route to the airport the S8 ended in the West in Pasing, the S3 went to the east to the Ostbahnhof. Later, the two lines were merged in order to relieve the original route in 1994. Because of the importance of the airport line, the line S3 ceased to operate and only S8 operated. There was no 'S3' from 1994 to 2004, similar to the lack of a "U3" on the Berlin U-Bahn.
  • : From December 2004 to December 2005 witnessed the temporary re-introduction of the S3: it was a peak hour service between Maisach and Zorneding and realized the promised 10-minute frequency on this section. (Red / Black). After one year, this service became obsolete because the West branches of the S4 and S8 were exchanged.
  • : On 28 May 2000, the terminus points, Esterhofen and Walpertshofen[3] have been renamed to Vierkirchen-Esterhofen and Hebertshausen.
  • : With the timetable change on 12 December 2004, Mühlthal station was closed, since then the trains of S6 have run the 7.7 km between Gauting and Starnberg Nord without intermediate stops.
  • : With the timetable change in late 2005, the terminus of the line was S4 (previously: S8) at Nannhofen was renamed Mammendorf.
  • : the timetable change in December 2009 accounted for the designation S5. The route to Herrsching has since been operated by the S8 route to Holzkirchen of the S3.
  • : the timetable change in December 2009, the S3 was reintroduced. It now runs between Mammendorf and Holzkirchen.
  • : The S27 operated from Starnberg wing station at the main station along the route of the S7 to Solln, crossed the Isar on the Großhesseloher bridge and ran on to Deisenhofen. On 15 December 2013, the S27 was abandoned and replaced by regional trains of the Meridian.[6]
  • : From 1995 to 2014, the line A was the only non-electrified Munich S-Bahn line, which ran on the Dachau–Altomünster railway. It was made into a branch of the S2 on 14 December 2014, and was finally electrified.

Intra-Urban Long-Distance Lines

The little known connection between the Hauptbahnhof and the Ostbahnhof, called the "Südring", runs west from Hauptbahnhof before turning south and curving toward Ostbahnhof without any stops in between. The trains travelling on this route (DB50) are included in the MVV tariff scheme and offer a view of the city while the travel time is slightly longer than the Stammstrecke tunnel.

Additional regional lines make calls at stations also served by the S-Bahn but provide an effective express functionality for MVV passengers. The examples include:

  • Garmisch-Partenkirchen to Munich, calling at Tutzing (S6) and Pasing (Stammstrecke)
  • Augsburg to Munich, calling at Mammendorf (irregularly) and Pasing (Stammstrecke)
  • Regensburg to Munich, calling at Moosburg, and Freising (S1)
  • Rosenheim to Munich, calling at Grafing Bf (S4) and Ostbahnhof (Stammstrecke)
  • Various southern lines of the BOB, calling at Holzkirchen (S3), and regional variants from Rosenheim calling at Kreuzstraße (S7) and Holzkirchen (S3) through Großhesselohe
  • Lindau to Munich, calling at Geltendorf (S4)
  • Nürnberg to Munich, calling at Petershausen (S2) and Dachau Bf (S2)

Expansion plans announced by the MVV on 7 April 2017 include express S-Bahn lines with limited stops operating through the second tunnel now under construction.[7]

History

Munich S-Bahn trunk line
Overview
Locale Bavaria, Germany
Line number
  • 5540 (Pasing–Hauptbahnhof)
  • 5550 (Hauptbahnhof–Ostbahnhof)
Technical
Line length 11.4 km (7.1 mi)
Electrification 15 kV/16.7 Hz AC overhead catenary
Operating speed 120 km/h (74.6 mph) (maximum)
Maximum incline 4.0
Route number 999
Route map

0.0
Pasing
3.3
Laim
4.5
Hirschgarten
S 7
5.8
Donnersbergerbrücke
6.6
Hackerbrücke
7.4
Hauptbahnhof (low level)
7.9
Karlsplatz
8.7
Marienplatz
9.4
Isartor
10.3
Rosenheimer Platz
11.4
München Ost
Source: German railway atlas[8]
S-Bahn station Marienplatz with S7 to Munich East

An underground railway line for Munich was first proposed in 1928 in a report on the "relocation of traffic centres". An underground route would allow "direct long distance traffic to and through the city centre".

On 22 May 1938, the first tunnel, which was part of the north-south route, was started in the Lindwurmstraße, between the present-day underground stations Sendlinger Tor and Goetheplatz. In the speech of Julius Dorpmüller, the general director of Deutsche Reichsbahn, the project was called "S-Bahn" for the first time. Due to World War II the construction and plans for the Munich S-Bahn were set aside.

S-Bahn Plans in 1941
From To Tunnel
Schleißheim Freising Ringbahn
Dachau Ost-West
Maisach Ost-West
Aubing Grafrath Ost-West
Unterpfaffenhofen-Germering Herrsching Ost-West
Gauting Ost-West
Ringbahn
Luise-Kiesselbach-Platz Großhadern Nord-Süd
Höllriegelskreuth Nord-Süd
Deisenhofen Bayrischzell Nord-Süd
Ost-West
Neubiberg Kreuzstraße Ost-West
Haar Grafing Ost-West
Riem Markt Schwaben Ost-West
Daglfing Ost-West
Freimann Nord-Süd
Ismaning Nord-Süd

Plans, with the Munich Olympic bid

In 1965, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Free State of Bavaria, the state capital of Munich and the Deutsche Bundesbahn signed a contract on the construction of the Munich S-Bahn. The further development was most influenced by a decision made in Rome on 26 April 1966: the International Olympic Committee chose Munich over Detroit, Madrid and Montreal as the location for the 1972 Summer Olympics, resulting in a tight schedule of only six years to complete the Munich S-Bahn network.

S-Bahn: Planung 1969 und Stand 1972[9]
Line West East
Plans
East
From 1972
Freising Ismaning Kreuzstraße
Petershausen Erding Deisenhofen
Nannhofen
(heute Mammendorf)
Deisenhofen Ismaning
Geltendorf Kreuzstraße Ebersberg
Herrsching München Ostbahnhof München Ostbahnhof
Tutzing Ebersberg Erding
Wolfratshausen Hauptbahnhof
(Holzkirchner Flügelbahnhof)
Hauptbahnhof
(Holzkirchner Flügelbahnhof)
Deisenhofen Hauptbahnhof
(Holzkirchner Flügelbahnhof)
Deisenhofen München-Pasing

Not only did the tunnel through the city centre have to be built, the full railway infrastructure had to be expanded. The network of suburban lines had to be changed over and modernized. A large number of stations had to be upgraded; platforms were extended to a length of 210 metres (690 ft) to allow for three-unit trains, and the platform height was raised to 76 centimetres (2 ft 6 in). However, the floor height of trains used then and now is at approximately 1 metre (3 ft 3 in), which makes boarding difficult for people with wheelchairs or prams. Tunnel stations and platforms updated recently where no freight trains run do feature a height of 96 centimetres (3 ft 2 in), however.

On 25 February 1971 the topping-out ceremony could be celebrated in the core route tunnel. In May the first S-Bahn train of the ET 420 series was put into service on the route between Pasing and Gauting. On 1 September 1971 a regular advance service was started on that route.

Opening

On 28 May 1972, the Munich S-Bahn network was finally put into service with 360 kilometres (220 mi) of tracks and 101 trains of the ET 420 series. Town names in the nearby Munich such as Dachau, Tutzing, Erding and Pasing came into the picture. It was the first time a S-Bahn network that size was put into service on a single date. The route S10 to Wolfratshausen (today S7) was operated with conventional push-pull trains from the southern wing of Munich Central Station. It was electrified later and connected to the core route after the construction of a 260-metre (850 ft) tunnel crossing the large number of mainline rail tracks leading to Munich Central Station.

Three months later the German President Gustav Heinemann opened the 1972 Summer Olympics. During the Games there were two additional S-Bahn lines servicing the now-defunct station Olympiastadion (Olympic Stadium). The new S-Bahn system stood the test and transported 3.18 million passengers in 7,138 runs to and from the sports sites in only 17 days. The first stage was limited by the Olympic Games in 1972. Because of the enormous time pressure, not all lines could be equipped for a 10 or 20 minute cycle.

The second stage was necessary mainly because of the increasing traffic volume. In 1973 and 1974, the Deutsche Bundesbahn established the following construction measures: Own S-Bahn tracks were to be built on the railway tracks from Lochhausen to Nannhofen (now Mammendorf) and from Munich to East Grafing, So as not to hinder long-distance and regional transport on the respective routes. As new settlements developed in Esting, in the south Neuperlachs and in Unterschleißheim new settlements, the new breakpoints Unterschleißheim in the year 1977, Neuperlach Süd in 1977 and Esting in 1980. In addition, The railway line to Herrsching was to be extended two-way between Freiham and Weßling.

Since then the Munich S-Bahn network has been expanded multiple times. On 28 May 1980, it was extended to Mammendorf. On 3 November 1979, it was extended to Ebersberg (S4). S5 was extended to Herrsching in 1984.

In 1992, the route between Ismaning and the newly opened Airport Munich II was put into service as S8, followed by S1 extension on 29 November 1998.

Further Tweaks

With the timetable change on December 12, 2004, the ten-minute cycle on the S 4 from Maisach to Zorneding and on the S 5 from Germering-Unterpfaffenhofen to Deisenhofen was introduced during rush hour, the number of train journeys has gone from three to six per Hour doubled. Since December 12, 2005 is also offered on the western section of the S 2 to Dachau a clock doubling.

In August 1998, the federal government, the Free State of Bavaria and Deutsche Bahn decided on a so-called 266-million-euro package, within which for the foreseeable future feasible projects to introduce a ten-minute cycle decided and end of 1998 to a financing agreement. The main point was the modernization of the control and safety technology between Pasing and Ostbahnhof, including the installation of a line train control. Between 2001 and 2005, construction work on the external lines continued as part of the € 266 million twin track program. In addition, new S-Bahn stations were opened on 10 June 2001 in Starnberg Nord (S 6 West) and on 11 December 2005 in Untermenzing (S 2 West). Some already existing stations on the outer routes could still be developed barrier-free in the financial framework of the project. On 21 November 2005, the section of the airport line S 8 in the territory of the municipality Unterföhring was moved between Johanneskirchen and Ismaning in the underground, this was at the request of the community, the new tunnel station Unterföhring. On December 13, 2009, a new breakpoint at the Hirschgarten was inaugurated at the S-Bahn trunk line between Laim and Donnersbergerbrücke.

In June, July and August 2012, the trunk line was closed on seven weekends to renew the tracks in the aboveground area. 18 of the 27 turnouts on the main line were equipped with heaters to prevent freezing in winter. In addition, the fire protection systems were renewed in some tunnel stations, around the escalators were new glass structures, which should prevent the retraction of the smoke, in the case of a fire. During the blockage, rail replacement traffic was established and the S 8 was diverted via the Südring. Due to a lack of funds not all heaters could be equipped with heaters and the installation of the fire protection systems has not yet been completed, the base line closures continued in summer and autumn 2013. During this time, in particular the station Donnersbergerbrücke was modernized and barrier-free equipped with elevators. The closures began on July 22, 2013 and lasted until December 20, 2013. On six weekends in the summer, the trunk line was completely closed and a replacement rail service was set up. On the remaining weekends, commuter trains between Pasing and Ostbahnhof as well as Hackerbrücke and Ostbahnhof operate every 20 minutes. For remaining work at the station Donnersbergerbrücke took place on the weekends and in late traffic from March to June 2014 again blocked. It was set up on two weekends rail replacement traffic between Pasing and Hackerbrücke, otherwise reversed commuter train trains.

On September 14, 2013 on the line S8 the breakpoint Freiham was reopened, which is to connect the new residential area Freiham. It is located one kilometer east of the 1975 decommissioned station Freiham. Construction had begun on June 12, 2012.

On December 15, 2013, the S 27 from the main station to Deisenhofen was discontinued, the trips are taken by the half-hourly Meridian trains of the Bavarian Oberlandbahn, which are extended in the rush hour via Holzkirchen and the Mangfalltalbahn to Rosenheim. In addition, the terminus of the S 20 line was relocated from Deisenhofen to Höllriegelskreuth on the Isartalbahn. The railway line Munich-Holzkirchen is no longer served by S-Bahn trains between Solln and Deisenhofen.

In 2014, the Dachau–Altomünster railway line, which had previously been used by line A, was electrified which was the final stretch of the S-Bahn. Furthermore, a two-track meeting section between Bachern and Schwabhausen and an additional crossing station in Erdweg were built. The planning approval process was completed in January 2013. From April 28 to December 13, 2014, the line A line between Dachau and Altomünster was discontinued for line electrification, and the Class 428 railcar drives were replaced by bus replacement buses. After completion of the conversion work, the electrical operation was started on 14 December 2014. Instead of the hourly clock is now offered in the rush hour, a 30-minute cycle. The route is operated as a wing section of the S 2. The last cost estimate was 47 million euros. The construction was originally scheduled to start in 2012 and completion was scheduled for 2013.

Further dates:

  • 15 June 1966 – Construction of the core route tunnel begins in Arnulfstraße.
  • 28 April 1972 – first test runs on the tunnel route (Hauptbahnhof-Marienplatz-Ostbahnhof).
  • 28 May 1972 – regular service with 360 route km begins.

Rolling stock

Class 420

Since the opening of the S-Bahn network from 1972 to 2004, vehicles of the DB Class 420 have been used in the Munich S-Bahn network. In 1972, however, only 101 of the ordered 120 trains were available, so that on some routes until 1975 had to be driven with turning trains. The first 120 vehicles came from the first series of this series. In the following years, due to the higher demand for vehicles, about 30 vehicles of the second construction series came to Munich. The number of trains of the second series of construction varied, as they were also exchanged with vehicles from other cities. From 1979 to 1982 also came vehicles of the fifth and sixth series to Munich, these were used after 1982 but again in other suburban rail networks. From 1992, some vehicles of the seventh and from 1996 the eighth series were added, so that the vehicle stock in Munich in 1996 included 209 vehicles. Since the delivery of Class 423 vehicles, the Class 420 trains have been delivered to other cities, sold or scrapped. For the time being, the last regular passenger service in the Munich S-Bahn network drove a train of this series, the so-called "Olympia motor coach", on 5 December 2004 on an amplifier circulation line S 8 and was since then only in the museum service at regular special trips to be found.

Due to the electrification of the A line and the resulting vehicle shortage since December 2014 again series 420 trainsets are used. These are 15 units taken over from the S-Bahn Stuttgart, but due to the lack of regular train traffic, they can not run on the main line during rush hours. They therefore take over exclusively the amplifier services on the S 2 between Dachau and Altomünster as well as amplifier rides on the west branch of the S 4 line and the S 20 line. Currently planning the S-Bahn Munich and the Bavarian railway company, 20 to 30 other units from Stuttgart to Munich to match the rising numbers of passengers. These are to be equipped with the existing units with the Linienzugbeeinflussung in order to be able to drive in the trunk tunnel.

Since the route of the line A from Dachau to Altomünster was not electrified until April 2014, DB Class 428 was primarily used. These were located in the railway depot of the Südostbayernbahn in Mühldorf am Inn. The vehicles were procured again in 1998 for the track, previously were used on the line A n-car push-pull trains with diesel locomotives. However, the entrances to the trains were not barrier-free because of steps. Following the electrification of the line, it was replaced by a branch line of S2, and Class 420s were replaced as well in June 2017.

Class 423

From the autumn of 2000, the class 420 trainsets, some of them over thirty years old, were replaced massively by new vehicles of the class 423. The new vehicle emissions were enforced line by line, as the trains could not be coupled with each other. First, the S 7 line was served by the new locomotives. By 2003, 211 locomotives were delivered. In 2004, another 23 units were procured. In 2005, four more trains were delivered, so today there are 238 traction vehicles.

ET 420

Others

In 1989, the double decker trains used in the Netherlands were briefly used on the then S4 between Geltendorf and Ebersberg. Patrons were invited to fill out a questionnaire while onboard describing their experiences while boarding and riding the train. The concept was to increase passenger capacity at the same time as accommodating bicycles, prams, and wheelchairs with efficiency. The trains were pulled by a DB Class 120 locomotive at each end of the train.

Plans and further expansions

The Second S-Bahn Tunnel (Zweite Stammstrecke)

The second tunnel map

Nearly all lines use the core route through the city centre in the underground, creating a bottle-neck responsible for long and increasingly frequent delays from even the smallest disruptions. The disadvantage of current core route is the inability of trains to reroute themselves onto different tracks in an event of disruption.

After years of discussions and studies into different route propositions, a second tunnel through the city centre has been already approved with the funding of €3.85 billion and the completion date of 2026.[10] On 5 April 2017, the ground-breaking ceremony took place to commence the construction.[11]

The second tunnel will be 11.9 kilometres (7 miles) in length and run in parallel with the current tunnel in the south on the western portion of Hauptbahnhof and in the north on the eastern portion. It will merely have three underground stations (Hauptbahnhof, Marienhof, Ostbahnhof) and two surface stations (Laim and Leuchtenbergring). Only Marienhof station is the all-new station in the north of Marienplatz U-Bahn and S-Bahn station while other stations will be expanded to accommodate the new tunnel. With focus on express service and shorter travel time, the second tunnel will bypass six current stations between Laim and Ostbahnhof.

Most of express S-Bahn with limited stops will use the second tunnel: the proposed express S-Bahn routes are S18X (Herrsching-Leuchtenbergring), S21X (Landshut-Leuchtenbergring), S23X (Mering-Flughafen München), and S24X (Buchloe-Leuchtenbergring). Two of current S-Bahn routes will be transferred to the second tunnel upon the completion: S1 (Flughafen München/Freising-Ebersberg) and S6 (Tutzing-Leuchtenbergring).[12]

S-Bahn-Nordring

An alternative route in the north has been proposed for many years. This route would use part of Münchner Nordring (Munich North Ring) currently used by the freight trains and as railway bypass. The plan would call for eight new S-Bahn stations and two conjunctions (one at Pasing and other one at Berg am Laim) to be built, totalling fourteen stations (six have been built earlier for use in the existing system: Pasing, Moosach, Johanneskirchen, Englschalking, Daglfing, and Trudering).

The advantage of using the Nordring is numerous as compared to Südring (South Ring – proposed as an assumedly weak alternative to second trunk line):

  • Many rail infrastructures have been already built in the past, connecting to two current S-Bahn routes (S1 at Moosach and S8 between Johanneskirchen and Unterföhring);
  • This will serve many of industrial centres in the north, namely BMW manufacturing plants, FIZ research centre, and media centres in Unterföhring;
  • S-Bahn serving Nordring can also travel to the Munich Airport via Johanneskirchen station and back without transferring;
  • Five stations would have U-Bahn connections while additional two would probably be connected if U1 (Lassallestraße) and U4 (Englschalking) extensions are built;
  • Three stations would have tram connections (Pasing, Moosach, and Unterföhring Süd);
  • The new S-Bahn stations and additional technical modifications can be built on the existing route without incurring the enormous cost as the second trunk route would.

The discussion of S-Bahn-Nordring is ongoing with no tentative date of construction and completion as well as cost estimate.

Circular Railway (Ringbahn)

Prof. Dr. Michael Piazolo, a Bavarian state parliament representative, prepared the study for a potential Münchner Ringbahn.[13] The proposal of building the circular railway similar to Berlin Ringbahn has recently gained more traction with city government and state parliament.[14] The circular railway would use the Munich North Ring, the S8 line between Johanneskirchen and Ostbahnhof, the Südring between Ostbahnhof and Heimeranplatz, and a new line, to be built between Heimeranplatz and Olympiakreuz. The close proximity of Nymphenburg Palace and the west-east lines at Donnersbergerbrücke station would require the construction of tunnels between south of Heimeranplatz and Olympiakreuz.

Most of the Ringbahn would use the existing railway lines with seven S-Bahn stations (Heimeranplatz, Donnersbergerbrücke, Johanneskirchen, Englschalking, Daglfing, Leuchtenbergring, and Ostbahnhof) currently in use. Five new surface stations (BMW Forschungszentrum, Ingolstädter Straße, Aumeister, Kolumbusplatz, and Poccisstraße) and three new underground stations (Nymphenburg, Neuhausen, and Olympiakreuz) would have to be built.

One additional advantage of this Ringbahn concept is an airport express train service from Hauptbahnhof via Olympiakreuz, following the proposed tracking for the finally abandoned Munich Airport Transrapid. That could potentially shorten the travel time from the Hauptbahnhof on the west side, bypassing the current S2 with numerous stops along the line.

Southern Ring

The alternative to their Circular Ring, is the Südring between Ostbahnhof and Heimeranplatz, the stations do include Heimeranplatz, Poccistraße and Kolumbusplatz, which is the express variant.[15].

Northern Tunnels along the Airport

In 2009, a Nordtunnel was proposed by Vieregg-Rössler as a further extension, which connects the main railway station with the Kunstareal (with the three Pinakotheken) Nordring, football stadium, Garching, airport). In the inner city area, the planned route is roughly equal to that of the planned U9. In addition to the S-Bahn, the route would also include regional and long-distance transport, in this way the central orientation of the Munich local transport system should be replaced by the city center. The Nordtunnel was not followed, among other things due to higher costs with at the same time lower profitability.

S-Bahn Vision 2050

On 31 March 2017, MVV announced the Vision 2050 expansion proposal. The vision for the year 2050 includes double-decked wagons, 24-hour operations, new stations, and extensions further beyond the city limit.[16]

The possible extensions are:

  • S1 North from Freising to Landshut
  • S2 North from Altomünster to and from Petershausen to Pfaffenhofen
  • S2 East from Markt Schwaben to Dorfen
  • S3 West from Mammendorf to Augsburg
  • S3 South from Holzkirchen to Schaftlach which splits to Lenggries and Tegernsee
  • S4/S6 East from Ebersberg to Wasserburg and from Grafing Bahnhof to Rosenheim
  • S4/S6 West from Geltendorf to Kaufering and beyond
  • S7 South to Geretsried (Geretsried Süd railway station) via Gelting and Geretsried Mitte. The environmental impact study is planned for 2017.[17] The projected completion date is 2024.
  • New S-Bahn line from Karlsfeld to Dasing

Rings and Spurs (Ringschlüsse und Spange):

  • Neufahrner Kurve (Neufahrn Curve): this will facilitate the travel between Freising and Munich Airport without switching back at Neufahrn. Under construction.
  • Erdinger Ringschluss (Erding Loop): this line will connect with S1 and S8 at Munich Airport and with S2 at Erding. If completed, it would make two loops with one larger and one smaller, stopping at Hauptbahnhof and Munich Airport. Due to the military base nearby, the underground tunnel is required. Still in discussion.
  • Walpertskirchner Spange (Walpertskirchner Spur): this line extend the Erdinger Ringschluß from Erding to proposed S2 East extension, connecting somewhere between Walpertskirchner and Thann-Matzbach. Still in discussion.
  • Verknüpfungskurve S7 - Rosenheim: Like Neufahrner Kurve, this spur makes travelling between the city centre in Munich and Rosenheim easier without switchback at Kreuzstraße.

Four-Track Expansions:

  • Four-track extension of S8 line to the Munich Airport and moving the surface railway to the underground between Leuchtenbergring and Unterföhring. The extra tracks are for freight trains, which must pull aside often for S-Bahn. If the four-track extension is completed, the airport express train could use the freight tracks as to bypass the local service. Still in discussion.
  • Four-track extension of S4-West between Buchenau and Pasing. The extension is due to the opening of Gotthard Tunnel in Switzerland. This will increase freight transports between northern and southern Europe going through central Europe. The first phase is from Pasing to Puchheim. For cost reasons, the extension would terminate at Eichenau for time being. In planning.

Other Projects:

  • Possible relocation of the S2 East to the Munich International Trade Fair site. Now cancelled.
  • New stations at Breitenau, Emmering, Weichselbaum, Menterschwaige, Schwaigerloh, Sendlinger Spange, Gelting, and Messestadt Nord.

Literature

  • Pospischil, Reinhard; Rudolph, Ernst (1997). S-Bahn München (in German). Düsseldorf: Alba. ISBN 978-3-87094-358-5. OCLC 42476820.
  • Franzke, Armin. "Im Tunnel unter City und Isar. 1972: Die S-Bahn München nimmt den Betrieb auf" [In a tunnel under the city and Isar. 1972: the S-Bahn Munich enters service]. Lok Magazin. München: GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag. 41/2002 (251): 90–97. ISSN 0458-1822. OCLC 3136408.
  • Korhammer, Klaus-Dieter; Franzke, Armin; Rudolph, Ernst (1991). Drehscheibe des Südens: Eisenbahnknoten München [Southern hub: railway nodes in Munich] (in German). Darmstadt: Hestra Verlag. ISBN 3-7771-0236-9.
  • Wilhelm-Stempin, Nikolaus (2009). S-Bahnhöfe in und um München [S-Bahn stations in and around Munich] (in German). Norderstedt: BoD. ISBN 978-3-8391-0927-4.

See also

References

  1. "Station". www.mvv-muenchen.de.
  2. http://www.s-bahn-muenchen.de/public_main_modul.php?bm=&ses=&page_id=84&document_id=77&unit=4b50472da2eac%5Bpermanent+dead+link%5D
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Chronik des Verkehrs" (in German). City of Munich. Archived from the original on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  4. https://www.u-bahn-muenchen.de/report/. schnellbahnnetzplaene / rail network plans] on www.u-bahn-muenchen.de
  5. "S-Bahn network plans to tram-muenchen.de ". Archived from the original on February 5, 2009. Retrieved 2015-12-08.
  6. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-12. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
  7. "MVV Netzplan mit Zwei Stammstrecke".
  8. Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland (German railway atlas). Schweers + Wall. 2009. pp. 164–5. ISBN 978-3-89494-139-0.
  9. Reinhard Pospischil, Ernst Rudolph: S-Bahn München. Alba, Düsseldorf 1997; ISBN 3-87094-358-0. S. 40
  10. "Baustart für 2. S-Bahn Stammstrecke: Alle Infos auf einen Blick".
  11. "Startschuss für Zweite Stammstrecke".
  12. "MVV Netzplan mit Zwei Stammstrecken".
  13. "Münchner Ringbahn: Eine Vision für die Landeshauptstadt".
  14. "Jetzt will auch die CSU einen S-Bahn-Ring".
  15. Süddeutsche Zeitung: Freie Wähler fordern S-Bahn-Ring, von sueddeutsche.de vom 12. Oktober 2016, abgerufen am 21. März 2017.
  16. "Ganze Region will in den MVV Neue Pläne fürs Netz: das wird eine Mega-S-Bahn".
  17. "S7-Verängerung Nach Geretsried: So ist der aktuelle Planungsstand".

Coordinates: 48°08′27″N 11°33′18″E / 48.1408°N 11.5550°E / 48.1408; 11.5550

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