Merger Treaty
| Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities | |
|---|---|
| Type |
Merging the judicial, legislative and administrative bodies of the three European Communities; and amending the three community treaties accordingly |
| Signed | 8 April 1965 |
| Location | Brussels, Belgium |
| Effective | 1 July 1967 |
| Expiration | 1 May 1999 (Amsterdam Treaty) |
| Parties | |
| Depositary | Government of Italy |
| Citations | Subsequent amendment treaty: Single European Act (1986) |
| Languages | Dutch, French, German and Italian |
 | |
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The Merger Treaty (or Brussels Treaty[1]) was a European treaty which combined the three executive bodies of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) and the European Economic Community (EEC) into a single institutional structure.
The treaty was signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and came into force on 1 July 1967. It set out that the Commission of the EEC and the Council of the EEC should replace the Commission and Council of Euratom and the High Authority and Council of the ECSC. Although each Community remained legally independent, they shared common institutions (prior to this treaty, they already shared a Parliamentary Assembly and Court of Justice) and were together known as the European Communities. This treaty is regarded by some as the real beginning of the modern European Union.
This treaty was abrogated by the Amsterdam Treaty signed in 1997:
Without prejudice to the paragraphs following hereinafter, which have as their purpose to retain the essential elements of their provisions, the Convention of 25 March 1957 on certain institutions common to the European Communities and the Treaty of 8 April 1965 establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities, but with the exception of the Protocol referred to in paragraph 5, shall be repealed.
— Article 9(1) of the Amsterdam Treaty
Structural evolution of the European Commission
EU evolution timeline
| Signed: In force: Document: |
1947 1947 Dunkirk Treaty |
1948 1948 Brussels Treaty |
1951 1952 Paris Treaty |
1954 1955 Modified Brussels Treaty |
1957 1958 Rome Treaty & EURATOM |
1965 1967 Merger Treaty |
1975 1976 Council Agreement on TREVI |
1986 1987 Single European Act |
1985+90 1995 Schengen Treaty & Convention |
1992 1993 Maastricht Treaty (TEU) |
1997 1999 Amsterdam Treaty |
2001 2003 Nice Treaty |
2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty |
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| Content: | (est. alliance) | (founded WU) | (founded ECSC) | (protocol amending WU to become WEU) | (founded EEC and EURATOM) | (merging the legislative & administrative bodies of the 3 European communities) | (founded TREVI) | (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EEC)+ (founded EPC) |
(founded Schengen) (implemented Schengen) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, and EEC to transform it into EC)+ (founded: JHA+CFSP) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EC to also contain Schengen, and TEU where PJCC replaced JHA) | (amended with focus on institutional changes: EURATOM, ECSC, EC and TEU) | (abolished the 3 pillars and WEU by amending: EURATOM, EC=>TFEU, and TEU) (founded EU as an overall legal unit with Charter of Fundamental Rights, and reformed governance structures & decision procedures) |
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| Three pillars of the European Union: | ||||||||||||||||
| European Communities (with a single Commission & Council) |
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| European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) | ||||||||||||||||
| European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | Treaty expired in 2002 | European Union (EU) | ||||||||||||||
| European Economic Community (EEC) | European Community (EC) | |||||||||||||||
| Schengen Rules | ||||||||||||||||
| Terrorism, Radicalism, Extremism and Violence Internationally (TREVI) | Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) |
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC) | ||||||||||||||
| European Political Cooperation (EPC) | Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | |||||||||||||||
| Franco-British alliance | Western Union (WU) | Western European Union (WEU) | ||||||||||||||
| Treaty terminated in 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
References
External links
- Merger Treaty European NAvigator
