Treaty of Paris (1951)

Treaty of Paris
Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community
Signed 18 April 1951
Location Paris, France
Effective 23 July 1952
Expiration 23 July 2002
Signatories "The Six":
The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) at Wikisource

The Treaty of Paris (formally the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community) was signed on 18 April 1951 between France, West Germany, Italy and the three Benelux countries (Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands), establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which subsequently became part of the European Union. The treaty came into force on 23 July 1952 and expired on 23 July 2002, exactly fifty years after it came into effect.

The treaty was seen as producing diplomatic and economic stability in western Europe after the Second World War. Some of the main enemies during the war were now sharing production of coal and steel, the key-resources which previously had been central to the war effort.

The Europe Declaration was signed by all the leaders present. It declared that the Treaty had given birth to Europe. It emphasised that the supranational principle was the foundation of the new democratic organisation of Europe. The supranational concept was opposed by Charles de Gaulle.

EU evolution timeline

Signed:
In force:
Document:		 1947
1947
Dunkirk
Treaty		 1948
1948
Brussels
Treaty		 1951
1952
Paris
Treaty		 1954
1955
Modified
Brussels
Treaty		 1957
1958
Rome
Treaty &
EURATOM		 1965
1967
Merger
Treaty		 1975
1976
Council
Agreement
on TREVI		 1986
1987
Single
European
Act		 1985+90
1995
Schengen
Treaty &
Convention		 1992
1993
Maastricht Treaty (TEU)		 1997
1999
Amsterdam
Treaty		 2001
2003
Nice
Treaty		 2007
2009
Lisbon
Treaty		  
Content: (est. alliance) (founded WU) (founded ECSC) (protocol amending WU to become WEU) (founded EEC and EURATOM) (merging the legislative & administrative bodies of the 3 European communities) (founded TREVI) (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EEC)+
(founded EPC)		 (founded Schengen)
(implemented Schengen)		 (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, and EEC to transform it into EC)+
(founded: JHA+CFSP)		 (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EC to also contain Schengen, and TEU where PJCC replaced JHA) (amended with focus on institutional changes: EURATOM, ECSC, EC and TEU) (abolished the 3 pillars and WEU by amending: EURATOM, EC=>TFEU, and TEU)
(founded EU as an overall legal unit with Charter of Fundamental Rights, and reformed governance structures & decision procedures)		  
                           
Three pillars of the European Union:  
European Communities
(with a single Commission & Council)		  
European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM)   
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) Treaty expired in 2002 European Union (EU)
    European Economic Community (EEC)   European Community (EC)
        Schengen Rules  
    Terrorism, Radicalism, Extremism and Violence Internationally (TREVI) Justice and Home Affairs
(JHA)		   Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC)
  European Political Cooperation (EPC) Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
Franco-British alliance Western Union (WU) Western European Union (WEU)    
Treaty terminated in 2011    
                       
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