Euratom Treaty
| Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community | |
|---|---|
| Type | Founding treaty |
| Signed | 25 March 1957 |
| Location | Capitoline Hill, Rome, Italy |
| Effective | 1 January 1958 |
| Signatories |
(original signatories): Belgium France Italy Luxembourg the Netherlands West Germany |
| Parties | 28[1] (all European Union member states) |
| Depositary | Government of Italy |
| Language | (original): Dutch, German, French and Italian. |
| Languages | all 23[2] official Languages of the European Union |
 | |
|
Consolidated (amended) version of the EURATOM treaty (2009) | |
The Euratom Treaty, officially the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, established the European Atomic Energy Community. It was signed on 25 March 1957, at the same time as the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC Treaty).
The Euratom treaty is less well-known due to the lower profile of the organisation it founded. While the EEC has evolved into what is now the European Union, Euratom has remained much the same as it was in 1957, albeit governed by the institutions of the European Union. It was established with its own independent institutions, but the 1967 Merger Treaty merged the institutions of Euratom and the European Coal and Steel Community with those of the EEC.
The Euratom treaty has seen very little amendment, due to the later sensitivity surrounding nuclear power amongst European public opinion. Owing to this, some argue that it has become too out-dated, particularly in the areas of democratic oversight. It was not included as part of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, which sought to combine all previous treaties, over fears that including nuclear power in the treaty would turn more people against it. Nevertheless, it forms part of the active treaties of the European Union.
See also
References
- ↑ "Detailpagina Verdragenbank, Verdrag tot oprichting van de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie (EURATOM)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands) (in Dutch). Retrieved 21 August 2011.
- ↑ "Verdrag tot oprichting van de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie (EURATOM) (consolidated version)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands) (in Dutch). Retrieved 21 August 2011.
External links
- Documents of Treaty of Rome's negotiations are at the Historical Archives of the EU in Florence
| Signed: In force: Document: |
1947 1947 Dunkirk Treaty |
1948 1948 Brussels Treaty |
1951 1952 Paris Treaty |
1954 1955 Modified Brussels Treaty |
1957 1958 Rome Treaty & EURATOM |
1965 1967 Merger Treaty |
1975 1976 Council Agreement on TREVI |
1986 1987 Single European Act |
1985+90 1995 Schengen Treaty & Convention |
1992 1993 Maastricht Treaty (TEU) |
1997 1999 Amsterdam Treaty |
2001 2003 Nice Treaty |
2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty |
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| Content: | (est. alliance) | (founded WU) | (founded ECSC) | (protocol amending WU to become WEU) | (founded EEC and EURATOM) | (merging the legislative & administrative bodies of the 3 European communities) | (founded TREVI) | (amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EEC)+ (founded EPC) |
(founded Schengen) (implemented Schengen) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, and EEC to transform it into EC)+ (founded: JHA+CFSP) |
(amended: EURATOM, ECSC, EC to also contain Schengen, and TEU where PJCC replaced JHA) | (amended with focus on institutional changes: EURATOM, ECSC, EC and TEU) | (abolished the 3 pillars and WEU by amending: EURATOM, EC=>TFEU, and TEU) (founded EU as an overall legal unit with Charter of Fundamental Rights, and reformed governance structures & decision procedures) |
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| Three pillars of the European Union: | ||||||||||||||||
| European Communities (with a single Commission & Council) |
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| European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) | ||||||||||||||||
| European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | Treaty expired in 2002 | European Union (EU) | ||||||||||||||
| European Economic Community (EEC) | European Community (EC) | |||||||||||||||
| Schengen Rules | ||||||||||||||||
| Terrorism, Radicalism, Extremism and Violence Internationally (TREVI) | Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) |
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC) | ||||||||||||||
| European Political Cooperation (EPC) | Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | |||||||||||||||
| Franco-British alliance | Western Union (WU) | Western European Union (WEU) | ||||||||||||||
| Treaty terminated in 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
