Maryland's 6th congressional district

Maryland's 6th congressional district
Maryland's 6th congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Current Representative John Delaney (D–Potomac)
Area 3,062.27 sq mi (7,931.2 km2)
Distribution
  • 84.49% urban
  • 15.51% rural
Population (2015) 761,921
Median income 73,641
Ethnicity
Cook PVI D+6[1]

Maryland's 6th congressional district elects a representative to the United States House of Representatives from the northwest part of the state. Today the district comprises all of Garrett, Allegany, and Washington counties as well as portions of Montgomery and Frederick counties. The seat is currently represented by John Delaney (D). The current boundaries of the district are currently the subject of a Supreme Court lawsuit over partisan gerrymandering.

History

The Maryland 6th District was one of the original districts that had a congressman starting in 1789. At that time, the district essentially had what remains its modern boundaries, consisting of the Maryland panhandle and areas eastward, all the way to the modern western boundary of the District of Columbia. However after the 1790 census Maryland's representation increased to 8 congresspersons. The new sixth district was in the north-east corner of the state east of Baltimore, covering essentially the modern counties of Harford, Cecil and Kent.[2]

In 2012 the district was found to be the ninth least compact congressional district in the United States.[3]

For years, the 6th was a mostly rural and conservative district anchored in western Maryland. It was in Republican hands for all but one term from 1943 to 1971, before conservative Democrat Goodloe Byron won it in 1971. He died in 1978 and was succeeded by his widow, Beverly, who held it for seven terms before being ousted by a more liberal challenger in the 1992 Democratic primary. Republican Roscoe Bartlett won the general election, and was reelected without serious challenge nine more times.

However, redistricting after the 2010 census significantly altered the 6th. It lost heavily Republican Carroll County, as well as the more rural and conservative portions of Frederick County, to the 8th District. It also lost its shares of Baltimore and Harford counties to the already heavily Republican 1st District. Taking their place was a heavily Democratic spur of western Montgomery County, which had almost three times as many people as the rest of the district combined.

The new map turned the 6th from a heavily Republican district into a Democratic-leaning district. While John McCain carried the 6th with 57 percent of the vote in 2008,[4] Barack Obama would have carried the new 6th with 56 percent.[5]

In his bid for an 11th term, Bartlett was defeated by Democrat John Delaney, who lives in the Montgomery County portion of the district, by over 21 points.

In 2013, Republican voters filed a federal lawsuit, alleging that the Democratic legislature and Governor Martin O'Malley had engaged in partisan gerrymandering, redrawing the 6th district after the 2010 census in a way that intentionally and unconstitutionally diluted Republican voters by including parts of the heavily-Democratic Washington, D.C. suburbs. A federal district judge initially dismissed the lawsuit, as did the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, for failure to state a claim. The Republicans appealed to the Supreme Court, which ruled unanimously in 2015 that the lower courts had improperly dismissed the case. The case went back to the lower courts where a three judge panel ruled that the Republicans could not prove that John Delaney's election in 2012 was a result of the redistricting. Republican voters again appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear the case, Benisek v. Lamone, in December 2017.[6][7]

Voting

Election results from presidential races
Year Office Results
2016 President Clinton 55.8% - 39.7%
2012 President Obama 55.4% - 42.6%
2008 President McCain 58% - 40%
2004 President Bush 65% - 34%
2000 President Bush 61% - 36%

List of representatives

RepresentativeTook officeLeft officePartyNotes/Events
1 Daniel CarrollMarch 4, 1789March 3, 1791Pro-Administration
2 Upton SheredineMarch 4, 1791March 3, 1793Anti-Administration
3 Gabriel Christie March 4, 1793 March 3, 1795 Anti-Administration
March 4, 1795 March 3, 1797 Democratic-Republican
4 William MatthewsMarch 4, 1797March 3, 1799Federalist
5 Gabriel ChristieMarch 4, 1799March 3, 1801Democratic-Republican
6 John ArcherMarch 4, 1801March 3, 1807Democratic-Republican
7 John MontgomeryMarch 4, 1807April 29, 1811Democratic-Republicanresigned after being appointed Attorney General of Maryland
8 Stevenson ArcherOctober 26, 1811March 3, 1817Democratic-Republican
9 Thomas CulbrethMarch 4, 1817March 3, 1821Democratic-Republican
10 Jeremiah CosdenMarch 4, 1821March 19, 1822Democratic-Republicancontested election
11 Philip ReedMarch 19, 1822March 3, 1823Democratic-Republican
12 George E. Mitchell March 4, 1823 March 3, 1825 Adams-Clay DR
March 4, 1825 March 3, 1827 Jacksonian
13 Levin GaleMarch 4, 1827March 3, 1829Jacksonian
14 George E. MitchellDecember 7, 1829June 28, 1832JacksonianDied
15 Charles S. SewallOctober 1, 1832March 3, 1833Jacksonian
16 William C. JohnsonMarch 4, 1833March 3, 1835Anti-Jacksonian
17 Francis Thomas March 4, 1835 March 3, 1837 Jacksonian Redistricted from the 7th district
March 4, 1837 March 3, 1841 Democratic
18 John T. Mason, Jr.March 4, 1841March 3, 1843Democratic
19 Thomas A. SpenceMarch 4, 1843March 3, 1845Whig
20 Edward H. C. LongMarch 4, 1845March 3, 1847Whig
21 John W. CrisfieldMarch 4, 1847March 3, 1849Whig
22 John B. KerrMarch 4, 1849March 3, 1851Whig
23 Joseph S. CottmanMarch 4, 1851March 3, 1853Independent Whig
24 Augustus R. SollersMarch 4, 1853March 3, 1855Whig
25 Thomas F. BowieMarch 4, 1855March 3, 1859Democratic
26 George W. HughesMarch 4, 1859March 3, 1861Democratic
27 Charles B. CalvertMarch 4, 1861March 3, 1863Unionist
This seat was abolished after the census of 1860, but was reinstated after the census of 1870.
28 Lloyd Lowndes, Jr.March 4, 1873March 3, 1875Republican
29 William WalshMarch 4, 1875March 3, 1879Democratic
30 Milton G. UrnerMarch 4, 1879March 3, 1883Republican
31 Louis E. McComasMarch 4, 1883March 3, 1891Republican
32 William M. McKaigMarch 4, 1891March 3, 1895Democratic
33 George Louis WellingtonMarch 4, 1895March 3, 1897Republican
34 John McDonaldMarch 4, 1897March 3, 1899Republican
35 George A. PearreMarch 4, 1899March 3, 1911Republican
36 David J. LewisMarch 4, 1911March 3, 1917Democratic
37 Frederick N. ZihlmanMarch 4, 1917March 3, 1931Republican
38 David J. LewisMarch 4, 1931January 3, 1939Democratic
39 William D. ByronJanuary 3, 1939February 27, 1941DemocraticDied
40 Katharine ByronMay 27, 1941January 3, 1943Democratic
41 James G. BeallJanuary 3, 1943January 3, 1953Republican
42 DeWitt S. HydeJanuary 3, 1953January 3, 1959Republican
43 John R. FoleyJanuary 3, 1959January 3, 1961Democratic
44 Charles M. Mathias, Jr.January 3, 1961January 3, 1969Republican
45 John G. Beall, Jr.January 3, 1969January 3, 1971Republican
46 Goodloe E. ByronJanuary 3, 1971October 11, 1978DemocraticDied
47 Beverly Butcher ByronJanuary 3, 1979January 3, 1993Democratic
48 Roscoe G. BartlettJanuary 3, 1993January 3, 2013Republican
49 John K. DelaneyJanuary 3, 2013PresentDemocraticIncumbent

Election results

1990

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 1990[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Beverly B. Byron (inc.) 106,502 65.35
Republican Christopher P. Fiotes, Jr. 56,479 34.65
Total votes 162,981 100.00
Democratic hold

1992

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 1992[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett 125,564 54.17
Democratic Thomas H. Hattery 106,224 45.83
Total votes 231,788 100.00
Republican gain from Democratic

1994

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 1994[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 122,809 65.95
Democratic Paul Muldowney 63,411 34.05
Total votes 186,220 100.00
Republican hold

1996

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 1996[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 132,853 56.83
Democratic Stephen Crawford 100,910 43.16
Write-ins 25 0.01
Total votes 233,788 100.00
Republican hold

1998

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 1998[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 127,802 63.42
Democratic Timothy D. McCown 73,728 36.58
Total votes 201,530 100.00
Republican hold

2000

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2000[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 168,624 60.65
Democratic Donald M. DeArmon 109,136 39.25
Write-ins 285 0.10
Total votes 278,045 100.00
Republican hold

2002

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2002[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 147,825 66.17
Democratic Donald M. DeArmon 75,575 33.83
Total votes 223,400 100.00
Republican hold

2004

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2004[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 206,076 67.45
Democratic Kenneth T. Bosley 90,108 29.49
Green Gregory T. Hemingway 9,324 3.05
Total votes 305,508 100.00
Republican hold

2006

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2006[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 141,200 58.97
Democratic Andrew J. Duck 92,030 38.43
Green Robert E. Kozak 6,095 2.55
Write-ins 128 0.05
Total votes 239,453 100.00
Republican hold

2008

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2008[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 190,926 57.76
Democratic Jennifer Dougherty 128,207 38.79
Libertarian Gary W. Hoover, Sr. 11,060 3.35
Write-ins 342 0.10
Total votes 330,535 100.00
Republican hold

2010

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2010[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roscoe Bartlett (inc.) 148,820 61.45
Democratic Andrew J. Duck 80,455 33.22
Libertarian Dan Massey 6,816 2.81
Constitution Michael Reed 5,907 2.44
Write-ins 191 0.08
Total votes 242,189 100.00
Republican hold

2012

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2012[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Delaney 181,921 58.8
Republican Roscoe G. Bartlett (inc.) 117,313 37.9
Libertarian Nickolaus Mueller 9,916 3.2
N/A Others (write-in) 399 0.1
Total votes 309,549 100
Democratic gain from Republican

2014

Marylands's 6th congressional district election, 2014[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Delaney (inc.) 94,704 49.7
Republican Dan Bongino 91,930 48.2
Green George Gluck 3,762 2
N/A Others (write-in) 140 0.1
Total votes 190,536 100
Democratic hold

2016

Maryland's 6th Congressional District, 2016
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Delaney (Incumbent) 185,770 56.0%
Republican Amie Hoeber 133,081 40.1%
Libertarian David L. Howser 6,889 2.1%
Green George Gluck 5,824 1.8%
Write-in Ted Athey 103 0.0%
No party Write-ins 306 0.1%
Total votes 331,973 100
Democratic hold

Historical district boundaries

2003 - 2013

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  2. ↑ The Historical cal Parties in Congress, p. 74
  3. ↑ Lazarick, Len (3 October 2012). "Maryland has least compact congressional districts in nation". MarylandReporter.com. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  4. ↑ "Swing State Project: Presidential Results by Congressional District, 2000-2008". 16 October 2015. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015.
  5. ↑ "Daily Kos Elections 2008 & 2012 presidential election results for congressional districts used in 2012 & 2014 elections". Google Docs.
  6. ↑ Supreme Court will take up a second gerrymandering case this term (Washington Post)
  7. ↑ "Benisek v. Lamone". Brennancenter.org. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  8. ↑ http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1990election.pdf
  9. ↑ "92 PRESIDENTIAL and CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  10. ↑ "94 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  11. ↑ "96 PRESIDENTIAL and CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  12. ↑ "1998 Election Statistics - Legislative Activities". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  13. ↑ "2000 ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  14. ↑ "2002 ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  15. ↑ "2004 ELECTION STATISTICS". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  16. ↑ "2006 Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  17. ↑ "2008 Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  18. ↑ http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2010election.pdf
  19. 1 2 "Unofficial 2012 Presidential General Election results for Representative in Congress". Maryland State Board of Elections. Retrieved Nov 12, 2012.

Bibliography

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

Coordinates: 39°42′N 78°06′W / 39.7°N 78.1°W / 39.7; -78.1

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